1、自适应特性的实现
CTextUI控件提供了EstimateSize接口,接口的代码如下所示。
- SIZE CTextUI::EstimateSize(SIZE szAvailable)
- {
- RECT rcText = { 0, 0, MAX(szAvailable.cx, m_cxyFixed.cx), 9999 };
- rcText.left += m_rcTextPadding.left;
- rcText.right -= m_rcTextPadding.right;
- if( m_bShowHtml )
- {
- int nLinks = 0;
- CRenderEngine::DrawHtmlText(m_pManager->GetPaintDC(), m_pManager, rcText, m_sText, m_dwTextColor, NULL, NULL, nLinks, DT_CALCRECT | m_uTextStyle);
- }
- else
- {
- CRenderEngine::DrawText(m_pManager->GetPaintDC(), m_pManager, rcText, m_sText, m_dwTextColor, m_iFont, DT_CALCRECT | m_uTextStyle);
- }
- SIZE cXY = {rcText.right - rcText.left + m_rcTextPadding.left + m_rcTextPadding.right,
- rcText.bottom - rcText.top + m_rcTextPadding.top + m_rcTextPadding.bottom};
- if( m_cxyFixed.cy != 0 ) cXY.cy = m_cxyFixed.cy;
- return cXY;
- }
SIZE CTextUI::EstimateSize(SIZE szAvailable)
{
RECT rcText = { 0, 0, MAX(szAvailable.cx, m_cxyFixed.cx), 9999 };
rcText.left += m_rcTextPadding.left;
rcText.right -= m_rcTextPadding.right;
if( m_bShowHtml )
{
int nLinks = 0;
CRenderEngine::DrawHtmlText(m_pManager->GetPaintDC(), m_pManager, rcText, m_sText, m_dwTextColor, NULL, NULL, nLinks, DT_CALCRECT | m_uTextStyle);
}
else
{
CRenderEngine::DrawText(m_pManager->GetPaintDC(), m_pManager, rcText, m_sText, m_dwTextColor, m_iFont, DT_CALCRECT | m_uTextStyle);
}
SIZE cXY = {rcText.right - rcText.left + m_rcTextPadding.left + m_rcTextPadding.right,
rcText.bottom - rcText.top + m_rcTextPadding.top + m_rcTextPadding.bottom};
if( m_cxyFixed.cy != 0 ) cXY.cy = m_cxyFixed.cy;
return cXY;
}从上面代码我们看出,给DrawHtmlText和DrawText函数均传入了rcText,并且在接下来的代码中,利用rcText修正了控件相关的位置信息。代码看起来会有疑问,本接口仅仅是用来估计控件的大小,为什么要调用DrawHtmlText和DrawText函数呢?是用这两个函数来实现估计的?那我们接着看看CRenderEngine::DrawText的代码。
- void CRenderEngine::DrawText( HDC hDC, CPaintManagerUI* pManager, RECT& rc, LPCTSTR pstrText, DWORD dwTextColor, int iFont, UINT uStyle )
- {
- ASSERT(::GetObjectType(hDC) == OBJ_DC || ::GetObjectType(hDC) == OBJ_MEMDC);
- if (pstrText == NULL || pManager == NULL) return;
- ::SetBkMode(hDC, TRANSPARENT);
- ::SetTextColor(hDC, RGB(GetBValue(dwTextColor), GetGValue(dwTextColor), GetRValue(dwTextColor)));
- HFONT hOldFont = (HFONT)::SelectObject(hDC, pManager->GetFont(iFont));
- ::DrawText(hDC, pstrText, -1, &rc, uStyle | DT_NOPREFIX );
- ::SelectObject(hDC, hOldFont);
- }
void CRenderEngine::DrawText( HDC hDC, CPaintManagerUI* pManager, RECT& rc, LPCTSTR pstrText, DWORD dwTextColor, int iFont, UINT uStyle )
{
ASSERT(::GetObjectType(hDC) == OBJ_DC || ::GetObjectType(hDC) == OBJ_MEMDC);
if (pstrText == NULL || pManager == NULL) return;
::SetBkMode(hDC, TRANSPARENT);
::SetTextColor(hDC, RGB(GetBValue(dwTextColor), GetGValue(dwTextColor), GetRValue(dwTextColor)));
HFONT hOldFont = (HFONT)::SelectObject(hDC, pManager->GetFont(iFont));
::DrawText(hDC, pstrText, -1, &rc, uStyle | DT_NOPREFIX );
::SelectObject(hDC, hOldFont);
}代码是将文字绘制到制定的dc上,那到底是如何实现估计的呢?只能一步步看,于是到msdn中查看::DrawText API的函数说明,如下所示。
- int DrawText(
- HDC hDC, // handle to DC
- LPCTSTR lpString, // text to draw
- int nCount, // text length
- LPRECT lpRect, // formatting dimensions
- UINT uFormat // text-drawing options
- );
int DrawText(
HDC hDC, // handle to DC
LPCTSTR lpString, // text to draw
int nCount, // text length
LPRECT lpRect, // formatting dimensions
UINT uFormat // text-drawing options
);注意第四个参数,对应的说明:
-
lpRect
- [in/out] Pointer to a RECT structure that contains the rectangle (in logical coordinates) in which the text is to be formatted.
它既是一个传入参数,也是一个传出参数,传出应该就是所绘画文字绘画后所占用的实际区域大小。所以结合上面的追踪过程,正是给DrawHtmlText和DrawText函数均传入了rcText参数,并且执行完后将绘画的文字占用的实际大小返回给了rcText传了出来,进而用实际占用大小来重新更新CTextUI控件的大小,这样就实现了控件对文字长度的自适应特性。
2、自适应特性的使用
这种自适应的特性可以巧妙的用在一些场合下面。比如类似于QQ讨论组的聊天框,在聊天框的右侧会显示当前的讨论组成员列表,如果成员是管理员,我们需要在成员名称后面添加一个小图标,以标识该成员是管理员。一般的做法是,利用CContainer的自动布局特性,我们将不变宽度的控件设置固定宽度值,位于右边的管理员图标宽度也设置为固定值,这样中间的成员名称是文本,可长可短,不设置成固定值,使用CLabelUI控件即可。这样,中间的名称宽度就是可变的,但是这样做有个问题,管理员图标会固定在每个成员item的左右边,不能跟随名称紧贴名称后面,显得不太美观。后来考虑到CTextUI的对文字长度能自适应,就改用CTextUI,能很好的实现管理员图标能紧贴在成员名称后面。
3、自适应特性引起的问题及问题分析
上面列举的例子中,当成员名称过长时,由于讨论组成员列表的宽度是固定的,当名称过长时,会将管理员图标给挤掉,看不见了或显示不全。这该如何解决呢?好在CTextUI有个maxwidth属性来设置最大宽度,这样我们将管理员图标位置预留出来,估计出控件的最大宽度,设置一下即可,当成员名称显示不下时,以省略号显示。
除了这个问题,还有个更严重的问题:当设置的文本长度大于先前旧的文本的长度时,界面没有及时刷新,仍然显示的是之前的旧的文本,需要通过页面的切换才能刷新显示。CTextUI是duilib中的基本控件,有这个问题是没法使用的,是要想办法解决掉的。
原因估计是这样的:由于CTextUI是自适应文字宽度的,对于旧的能显示全的文字,宽度是和文字宽度一致的;当我们设置更长的文字时,估计没有没有触发CTextUI::EstimateSize接口的调用,导致控件还是以前的大小,从而出现新文字没有刷新或显示不全的问题。
下面我们就来从代码中看一下不能刷新显示的问题是如何产生的。设置文字时,会调用基类CControlUI的SetText接口,接口的代码如下所示。
- void CControlUI::SetText( LPCTSTR pstrText )
- {
- if( m_sText == pstrText )
- {
- return;
- }
- m_sText = pstrText;
- Invalidate();
- }
void CControlUI::SetText( LPCTSTR pstrText )
{
if( m_sText == pstrText )
{
return;
}
m_sText = pstrText;
Invalidate();
}
在上面的代码中调用CControlUI::Invalidate函数,
- void CControlUI::Invalidate()
- {
- if( !IsVisible() ) return;
- RECT invalidateRc = m_rcItem;
- CControlUI* pParent = this;
- RECT rcTemp;
- RECT rcParent;
- while( pParent = pParent->GetParent() )
- {
- rcTemp = invalidateRc;
- rcParent = pParent->GetPos();
- if( !::IntersectRect(&invalidateRc, &rcTemp, &rcParent) )
- {
- return;
- }
- }
- if( m_pManager != NULL ) m_pManager->Invalidate(invalidateRc);
- }
void CControlUI::Invalidate()
{
if( !IsVisible() ) return;
RECT invalidateRc = m_rcItem;
CControlUI* pParent = this;
RECT rcTemp;
RECT rcParent;
while( pParent = pParent->GetParent() )
{
rcTemp = invalidateRc;
rcParent = pParent->GetPos();
if( !::IntersectRect(&invalidateRc, &rcTemp, &rcParent) )
{
return;
}
}
if( m_pManager != NULL ) m_pManager->Invalidate(invalidateRc);
} 然后调到CPaintManagerUI::Invalidate中,即
- void CPaintManagerUI::Invalidate(RECT& rcItem)
- {
- ::InvalidateRect(m_hWndPaint, &rcItem, FALSE);
- }
void CPaintManagerUI::Invalidate(RECT& rcItem)
{
::InvalidateRect(m_hWndPaint, &rcItem, FALSE);
} 也就是最终调用API函数::InvalidateRect,产生一个WM_PAINT消息。于是进入CPaintManagerUI::MessageHandler中,查看收到WM_PAINT消息是如何处理的。
- bool CPaintManagerUI::MessageHandler(UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam, LRESULT& lRes)
- {
- ......
- case WM_PAINT:
- {
- // Should we paint?
- RECT rcPaint = { 0 };
- if( !::GetUpdateRect( m_hWndPaint, &rcPaint, FALSE) )
- {
- return true;
- }
- if( NULL == m_pRoot )
- {
- PAINTSTRUCT ps = { 0 };
- ::BeginPaint( m_hWndPaint, &ps );
- ::EndPaint( m_hWndPaint, &ps );
- return true;
- }
- // Do we need to resize anything?
- // This is the time where we layout the controls on the form.
- // We delay this even from the WM_SIZE messages since resizing can be
- // a very expensive operation.
- if( m_bUpdateNeeded )
- {
- m_bUpdateNeeded = false;
- RECT rcClient = { 0 };
- ::GetClientRect( m_hWndPaint, &rcClient );
- if( !::IsRectEmpty( &rcClient ) )
- {
- if( m_pRoot->IsUpdateNeeded() )
- {
- m_pRoot->SetPos( rcClient );
- if( m_hDcOffscreen != NULL ) ::DeleteDC( m_hDcOffscreen );
- if( m_hDcBackground != NULL ) ::DeleteDC( m_hDcBackground );
- if( m_hbmpOffscreen != NULL ) ::DeleteObject( m_hbmpOffscreen );
- if( m_hbmpBackground != NULL ) ::DeleteObject( m_hbmpBackground );
- m_hDcOffscreen = NULL;
- m_hDcBackground = NULL;
- m_hbmpOffscreen = NULL;
- m_hbmpBackground = NULL;
- }
- else
- {
- CControlUI* pControl = NULL;
- while( pControl = m_pRoot->FindControl(__FindControlFromUpdate, NULL, UIFIND_VISIBLE | UIFIND_ME_FIRST) )
- {
- pControl->SetPos( pControl->GetPos() );
- }
- }
- ......
- }
bool CPaintManagerUI::MessageHandler(UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam, LRESULT& lRes)
{
......
case WM_PAINT:
{
// Should we paint?
RECT rcPaint = { 0 };
if( !::GetUpdateRect( m_hWndPaint, &rcPaint, FALSE) )
{
return true;
}
if( NULL == m_pRoot )
{
PAINTSTRUCT ps = { 0 };
::BeginPaint( m_hWndPaint, &ps );
::EndPaint( m_hWndPaint, &ps );
return true;
}
// Do we need to resize anything?
// This is the time where we layout the controls on the form.
// We delay this even from the WM_SIZE messages since resizing can be
// a very expensive operation.
if( m_bUpdateNeeded )
{
m_bUpdateNeeded = false;
RECT rcClient = { 0 };
::GetClientRect( m_hWndPaint, &rcClient );
if( !::IsRectEmpty( &rcClient ) )
{
if( m_pRoot->IsUpdateNeeded() )
{
m_pRoot->SetPos( rcClient );
if( m_hDcOffscreen != NULL ) ::DeleteDC( m_hDcOffscreen );
if( m_hDcBackground != NULL ) ::DeleteDC( m_hDcBackground );
if( m_hbmpOffscreen != NULL ) ::DeleteObject( m_hbmpOffscreen );
if( m_hbmpBackground != NULL ) ::DeleteObject( m_hbmpBackground );
m_hDcOffscreen = NULL;
m_hDcBackground = NULL;
m_hbmpOffscreen = NULL;
m_hbmpBackground = NULL;
}
else
{
CControlUI* pControl = NULL;
while( pControl = m_pRoot->FindControl(__FindControlFromUpdate, NULL, UIFIND_VISIBLE | UIFIND_ME_FIRST) )
{
pControl->SetPos( pControl->GetPos() );
}
}
......
} 上面只给出了一部分代码。搜索一下调用EstimateSize函数的地方,发现CVerticalLayoutUI、CHorizontalLayoutUI、CTileLayoutUI和CTabLayoutUI类的SetPos函数中都会调到EstimateSize函数。从上面的代码可以看出,仅仅是产生一个WM_PAINT消息是不行的,是执行不到CVerticalLayoutUI、CHorizontalLayoutUI、CTileLayoutU等类的SetPos函数,执行不到CTextUI::EstimateSize函数的。也就是说,在设置文字的CControlUI::SetText函数中仅仅调用CControlUI::Invalidate函数是行不通的,是没法更新CTextUI控件大小的。
要调用到CVerticalLayoutUI、CHorizontalLayoutUI、CTileLayoutU等类的SetPos函数,首先要CPaintManagerUI::m_bUpdateNeeded为TRUE,那是不是要调用CPaintManagerUI::NeedUpdate(),先将m_bUpdateNeeded置为TRUE呢?于是加上代码,CTextUI文字还是刷新不了。于是继续看上面的代码,发现只有当CControlUI::m_bUpdateNeeded为TRUE时,才会调用控件对应的SetPos接口。于是有添加了CControlUI::NeedUpdate调用,问题还是没解决。其实,此时只是触发了控件本身CTextUI::SetPos的调用,此函数并没有调用CTextUI::EstimateSize,当然CTextUI::SetPos中不可能直接调用CTextUI::EstimateSize,是由于牵涉到父布局中的所有子控件(包括CTextUI控件)的摆放,理应由父布局统一统筹。
4、自适应特性引起的不刷新问题的解决
那如何才能调到CTextUI::EstimateSize呢?该如何处理呢?考虑到CVerticalLayoutUI、CHorizontalLayoutUI、CTileLayoutUI和CTabLayoutUI类的SetPos函数中都会调到EstimateSize函数,而CTextUI控件一般是依附在CVerticalLayoutUI、CHorizontalLayoutUI等父布局下的,那么只要我们触发这些父布局调用对应的SetPos,就可以调用到CTextUI::EstimateSize函数,进而利用最新的文字来估计CTextUI控件的尺寸,将CTextUI控件的尺寸更新掉,从而能让最新的文字刷新显示出来。
那如何触发这些父布局调用对应的SetPos呢?我们且看CPaintManagerUI::MessageHandler中代码,
- bool CPaintManagerUI::MessageHandler(UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam, LRESULT& lRes)
- {
- ......
- case WM_PAINT:
- {
- ......
- if( m_bUpdateNeeded )
- {
- m_bUpdateNeeded = false;
- RECT rcClient = { 0 };
- ::GetClientRect( m_hWndPaint, &rcClient );
- if( !::IsRectEmpty( &rcClient ) )
- {
- if( m_pRoot->IsUpdateNeeded() )
- {
- m_pRoot->SetPos( rcClient );
- if( m_hDcOffscreen != NULL ) ::DeleteDC( m_hDcOffscreen );
- if( m_hDcBackground != NULL ) ::DeleteDC( m_hDcBackground );
- if( m_hbmpOffscreen != NULL ) ::DeleteObject( m_hbmpOffscreen );
- if( m_hbmpBackground != NULL ) ::DeleteObject( m_hbmpBackground );
- m_hDcOffscreen = NULL;
- m_hDcBackground = NULL;
- m_hbmpOffscreen = NULL;
- m_hbmpBackground = NULL;
- }
- else
- {
- CControlUI* pControl = NULL;
- while( pControl = m_pRoot->FindControl(__FindControlFromUpdate, NULL, UIFIND_VISIBLE | UIFIND_ME_FIRST) )
- {
- pControl->SetPos( pControl->GetPos() );
- }
- }
- ......
- }
bool CPaintManagerUI::MessageHandler(UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam, LRESULT& lRes)
{
......
case WM_PAINT:
{
......
if( m_bUpdateNeeded )
{
m_bUpdateNeeded = false;
RECT rcClient = { 0 };
::GetClientRect( m_hWndPaint, &rcClient );
if( !::IsRectEmpty( &rcClient ) )
{
if( m_pRoot->IsUpdateNeeded() )
{
m_pRoot->SetPos( rcClient );
if( m_hDcOffscreen != NULL ) ::DeleteDC( m_hDcOffscreen );
if( m_hDcBackground != NULL ) ::DeleteDC( m_hDcBackground );
if( m_hbmpOffscreen != NULL ) ::DeleteObject( m_hbmpOffscreen );
if( m_hbmpBackground != NULL ) ::DeleteObject( m_hbmpBackground );
m_hDcOffscreen = NULL;
m_hDcBackground = NULL;
m_hbmpOffscreen = NULL;
m_hbmpBackground = NULL;
}
else
{
CControlUI* pControl = NULL;
while( pControl = m_pRoot->FindControl(__FindControlFromUpdate, NULL, UIFIND_VISIBLE | UIFIND_ME_FIRST) )
{
pControl->SetPos( pControl->GetPos() );
}
}
......
}
如果让整个窗口的m_pRoot全布局全部刷新一遍,肯定实现上述更新CTextUI控件尺寸的目的。但是这代价太高了,仅仅是为了刷新一个CTextUI子控件的位置和尺寸,就让窗口的整个布局都重新刷新一遍,这肯定不可取的、不合理的。于是看其中的这段代码,
- else
- CControlUI* pControl = NULL;
- while( pControl = m_pRoot->FindControl(__FindControlFromUpdate, NULL, UIFIND_VISIBLE | UIFIND_ME_FIRST) )
- {
- pControl->SetPos( pControl->GetPos() );
- }
else
{
CControlUI* pControl = NULL;
while( pControl = m_pRoot->FindControl(__FindControlFromUpdate, NULL, UIFIND_VISIBLE | UIFIND_ME_FIRST) )
{
pControl->SetPos( pControl->GetPos() );
}
}继续跟到__FindControlFromUpdate函数,如下所示。
- CControlUI* CALLBACK CPaintManagerUI::__FindControlFromUpdate( CControlUI* pThis, LPVOID pData )
- {
- return pThis->IsUpdateNeeded() ? pThis : NULL;
- }
CControlUI* CALLBACK CPaintManagerUI::__FindControlFromUpdate( CControlUI* pThis, LPVOID pData )
{
return pThis->IsUpdateNeeded() ? pThis : NULL;
}所以,我们只要将CTextUI所依附的父布局CVerticalLayoutUI或者CHorizontalLayoutUI等设置为需要刷新即可调用到CVerticalLayoutUI或者CHorizontalLayoutUI等的SetPos函数。所以最终的解决办法:在CTextUI中重写父类CControlUI中的虚函数SetText,添加的代码如下所示。
- void CTextUI::SetText( LPCTSTR pstrText )
- {
- CControlUI::SetText( pstrText );
- NeedParentUpdate();
- }
void CTextUI::SetText( LPCTSTR pstrText )
{
CControlUI::SetText( pstrText );
NeedParentUpdate();
}为了说明问题,将CControlUI::NeedParentUpdate的代码也贴出来,
- void CControlUI::NeedParentUpdate()
- {
- if( GetParent() )
- {
- GetParent()->NeedUpdate();
- GetParent()->Invalidate();
- }
- else
- {
- NeedUpdate();
- }
- if( m_pManager != NULL )
- {
- m_pManager->NeedUpdate();
- }
- }
void CControlUI::NeedParentUpdate()
{
if( GetParent() )
{
GetParent()->NeedUpdate();
GetParent()->Invalidate();
}
else
{
NeedUpdate();
}
if( m_pManager != NULL )
{
m_pManager->NeedUpdate();
}
}所以CTextUI::SetText不仅将父布局设置为需要刷新状态,而且调用CPaintManagerUI::NeedUpdate将m_bUpdateNeeded置为TRUE,进而保证代码能运行到CPaintManagerUI::MessageHandler中的WM_PAINT消息处理分支的如下代码段,
- else
- CControlUI* pControl = NULL;
- while( pControl = m_pRoot->FindControl(__FindControlFromUpdate, NULL, UIFIND_VISIBLE | UIFIND_ME_FIRST) )
- {
- pControl->SetPos( pControl->GetPos() );
- }
else
{
CControlUI* pControl = NULL;
while( pControl = m_pRoot->FindControl(__FindControlFromUpdate, NULL, UIFIND_VISIBLE | UIFIND_ME_FIRST) )
{
pControl->SetPos( pControl->GetPos() );
}
}
最终解决本案例中CTextUI控件不刷新显示的问题。
http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/chenlycly/article/details/17291765#
本文详细解析Duilib中CTextUI控件的自适应特性,探讨其实现原理,展示应用场景,并深入分析由此特性引发的问题及其解决方案。
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