WCF开发(4) 纯代码客户端

最新推荐文章于 2025-05-22 13:51:50 发布

llhswwha

最新推荐文章于 2025-05-22 13:51:50 发布

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文章标签： wcf

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/llhswwha/article/details/79085184

本文介绍如何在不使用服务引用的情况下，通过纯代码手动创建WCF客户端，包括客户端代码的改造过程、删除不必要的配置文件及修改客户端使用方式。

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现在客户端的代码是通过添加服务引用的方式自动创建的，同时自动在App.config中添加了配置内容，我想要不需要这些配置内容的用纯代码创建的客户端。

一、服务引用自动添加的文件

进入服务引用自动添加的文件夹，有好几个文件

item.xsd：描述了服务的信息

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<xs:schema xmlns:tns="WCFServiceLib" elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="WCFServiceLib" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
  <xs:element name="MyMethod">
    <xs:complexType>
      <xs:sequence />
    </xs:complexType>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:element name="MyMethodResponse">
    <xs:complexType>
      <xs:sequence>
        <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="MyMethodResult" nillable="true" type="xs:string" />
      </xs:sequence>
    </xs:complexType>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:element name="GetString">
    <xs:complexType>
      <xs:sequence>
        <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="count" type="xs:int" />
        <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="item" nillable="true" type="xs:string" />
      </xs:sequence>
    </xs:complexType>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:element name="GetStringResponse">
    <xs:complexType>
      <xs:sequence>
        <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="GetStringResult" nillable="true" type="xs:string" />
      </xs:sequence>
    </xs:complexType>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:element name="SendString">
    <xs:complexType>
      <xs:sequence>
        <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="msg" nillable="true" type="xs:string" />
      </xs:sequence>
    </xs:complexType>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:element name="SendStringResponse">
    <xs:complexType>
      <xs:sequence>
        <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="SendStringResult" nillable="true" type="xs:string" />
      </xs:sequence>
    </xs:complexType>
  </xs:element>
</xs:schema>

item1.xsd:似乎定义了一些基本

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<xs:schema xmlns:tns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/" attributeFormDefault="qualified" elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
  <xs:element name="anyType" nillable="true" type="xs:anyType" />
  <xs:element name="anyURI" nillable="true" type="xs:anyURI" />
  <xs:element name="base64Binary" nillable="true" type="xs:base64Binary" />
  <xs:element name="boolean" nillable="true" type="xs:boolean" />
  <xs:element name="byte" nillable="true" type="xs:byte" />
  <xs:element name="dateTime" nillable="true" type="xs:dateTime" />
  <xs:element name="decimal" nillable="true" type="xs:decimal" />
  <xs:element name="double" nillable="true" type="xs:double" />
  <xs:element name="float" nillable="true" type="xs:float" />
  <xs:element name="int" nillable="true" type="xs:int" />
  <xs:element name="long" nillable="true" type="xs:long" />
  <xs:element name="QName" nillable="true" type="xs:QName" />
  <xs:element name="short" nillable="true" type="xs:short" />
  <xs:element name="string" nillable="true" type="xs:string" />
  <xs:element name="unsignedByte" nillable="true" type="xs:unsignedByte" />
  <xs:element name="unsignedInt" nillable="true" type="xs:unsignedInt" />
  <xs:element name="unsignedLong" nillable="true" type="xs:unsignedLong" />
  <xs:element name="unsignedShort" nillable="true" type="xs:unsignedShort" />
  <xs:element name="char" nillable="true" type="tns:char" />
  <xs:simpleType name="char">
    <xs:restriction base="xs:int" />
  </xs:simpleType>
  <xs:element name="duration" nillable="true" type="tns:duration" />
  <xs:simpleType name="duration">
    <xs:restriction base="xs:duration">
      <xs:pattern value="\-?P(\d*D)?(T(\d*H)?(\d*M)?(\d*(\.\d*)?S)?)?" />
      <xs:minInclusive value="-P10675199DT2H48M5.4775808S" />
      <xs:maxInclusive value="P10675199DT2H48M5.4775807S" />
    </xs:restriction>
  </xs:simpleType>
  <xs:element name="guid" nillable="true" type="tns:guid" />
  <xs:simpleType name="guid">
    <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
      <xs:pattern value="[\da-fA-F]{8}-[\da-fA-F]{4}-[\da-fA-F]{4}-[\da-fA-F]{4}-[\da-fA-F]{12}" />
    </xs:restriction>
  </xs:simpleType>
  <xs:attribute name="FactoryType" type="xs:QName" />
  <xs:attribute name="Id" type="xs:ID" />
  <xs:attribute name="Ref" type="xs:IDREF" />
</xs:schema>

Reference.cs：自动生成的类代码（核心）

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// <auto-generated>
//     This code was generated by a tool.
//     Runtime Version:4.0.30319.42000
//
//     Changes to this file may cause incorrect behavior and will be lost if
//     the code is regenerated.
// </auto-generated>
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

namespace WCFClientConsole.ServiceReference1 {
    
    
    [System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.ServiceModel", "4.0.0.0")]
    [System.ServiceModel.ServiceContractAttribute(Namespace="WCFServiceLib", ConfigurationName="ServiceReference1.IMyContract")]
    public interface IMyContract {
        
        [System.ServiceModel.OperationContractAttribute(Action="WCFServiceLib/IMyContract/MyMethod", ReplyAction="WCFServiceLib/IMyContract/MyMethodResponse")]
        string MyMethod();
        
        [System.ServiceModel.OperationContractAttribute(Action="WCFServiceLib/IMyContract/MyMethod", ReplyAction="WCFServiceLib/IMyContract/MyMethodResponse")]
        System.Threading.Tasks.Task<string> MyMethodAsync();
        
        [System.ServiceModel.OperationContractAttribute(Action="WCFServiceLib/IMyContract/GetString", ReplyAction="WCFServiceLib/IMyContract/GetStringResponse")]
        string GetString(int count, string item);
        
        [System.ServiceModel.OperationContractAttribute(Action="WCFServiceLib/IMyContract/GetString", ReplyAction="WCFServiceLib/IMyContract/GetStringResponse")]
        System.Threading.Tasks.Task<string> GetStringAsync(int count, string item);
        
        [System.ServiceModel.OperationContractAttribute(Action="WCFServiceLib/IMyContract/SendString", ReplyAction="WCFServiceLib/IMyContract/SendStringResponse")]
        string SendString(string msg);
        
        [System.ServiceModel.OperationContractAttribute(Action="WCFServiceLib/IMyContract/SendString", ReplyAction="WCFServiceLib/IMyContract/SendStringResponse")]
        System.Threading.Tasks.Task<string> SendStringAsync(string msg);
    }
    
    [System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.ServiceModel", "4.0.0.0")]
    public interface IMyContractChannel : WCFClientConsole.ServiceReference1.IMyContract, System.ServiceModel.IClientChannel {
    }
    
    [System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThroughAttribute()]
    [System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.ServiceModel", "4.0.0.0")]
    public partial class MyContractClient : System.ServiceModel.ClientBase<WCFClientConsole.ServiceReference1.IMyContract>, WCFClientConsole.ServiceReference1.IMyContract {
        
        public MyContractClient() {
        }
        
        public MyContractClient(string endpointConfigurationName) : 
                base(endpointConfigurationName) {
        }
        
        public MyContractClient(string endpointConfigurationName, string remoteAddress) : 
                base(endpointConfigurationName, remoteAddress) {
        }
        
        public MyContractClient(string endpointConfigurationName, System.ServiceModel.EndpointAddress remoteAddress) : 
                base(endpointConfigurationName, remoteAddress) {
        }
        
        public MyContractClient(System.ServiceModel.Channels.Binding binding, System.ServiceModel.EndpointAddress remoteAddress) : 
                base(binding, remoteAddress) {
        }
        
        public string MyMethod() {
            return base.Channel.MyMethod();
        }
        
        public System.Threading.Tasks.Task<string> MyMethodAsync() {
            return base.Channel.MyMethodAsync();
        }
        
        public string GetString(int count, string item) {
            return base.Channel.GetString(count, item);
        }
        
        public System.Threading.Tasks.Task<string> GetStringAsync(int count, string item) {
            return base.Channel.GetStringAsync(count, item);
        }
        
        public string SendString(string msg) {
            return base.Channel.SendString(msg);
        }
        
        public System.Threading.Tasks.Task<string> SendStringAsync(string msg) {
            return base.Channel.SendStringAsync(msg);
        }
    }
}

另外App.config：配置了一个绑定和一个终结点

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
    <startup> 
        <supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.5" />
    </startup>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <bindings>
      <netTcpBinding>
        <binding name="NetTcpBinding_IMyContract">
          <security mode="None" />
        </binding>
      </netTcpBinding>
    </bindings>
    <client>
      <endpoint address="net.tcp://192.168.1.155:8001/" binding="netTcpBinding"
        bindingConfiguration="NetTcpBinding_IMyContract" contract="ServiceReference1.IMyContract"
        name="NetTcpBinding_IMyContract" />
    </client>
  </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>

现在客户端使用是直接

            MyContractClient client = new MyContractClient();
            client.GetString((int) count, "A");
            client.Close();

二、改造客户端。

1.将Reference.cs里面的内容拷贝到另一个文件中，并删除多余的部分

using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.ServiceModel.Channels;

namespace WCFClientConsole.Contracts
{
    [ServiceContract(Namespace = "WCFServiceLib")]
    public interface IMyContract
    {
        [OperationContract]
        string MyMethod();

        [OperationContract]
        Task<string> MyMethodAsync();

        [OperationContract]
        string GetString(int count, string item);

        [OperationContract]
        Task<string> GetStringAsync(int count, string item);

        [OperationContract]
        string SendString(string msg);

        [OperationContract]
        Task<string> SendStringAsync(string msg);
    }

    public interface IMyContractChannel : IMyContract, IClientChannel
    {
    }

    public partial class MyContractClient : ClientBase<IMyContract>, IMyContract
    {
        public MyContractClient(Binding binding, EndpointAddress remoteAddress) :
                base(binding, remoteAddress)
        {
        }

        public string MyMethod()
        {
            return base.Channel.MyMethod();
        }

        public Task<string> MyMethodAsync()
        {
            return base.Channel.MyMethodAsync();
        }

        public string GetString(int count, string item)
        {
            return base.Channel.GetString(count, item);
        }

        public Task<string> GetStringAsync(int count, string item)
        {
            return base.Channel.GetStringAsync(count, item);
        }

        public string SendString(string msg)
        {
            return base.Channel.SendString(msg);
        }

        public Task<string> SendStringAsync(string msg)
        {
            return base.Channel.SendStringAsync(msg);
        }
    }
}

2.删除服务引用文件夹，删除App.config中的配置信息

3.修改客户端使用代码

            NetTcpBinding binding = new NetTcpBinding(SecurityMode.None);
            EndpointAddress endpointAddress = new EndpointAddress("net.tcp://192.168.1.155:8001/");
            MyContractClient client = new MyContractClient(binding, endpointAddress);
            client.GetString((int) count, "A");
            client.Close();

好了，可以和之前一样的使用了。

接下来可以写一个界面，在界面上修改地址了。

三、直接使用通道

上面的是通过代理类Client调用服务，可以直接使用通道调用服务。

            NetTcpBinding binding = new NetTcpBinding(SecurityMode.None);
            EndpointAddress endpointAddress = new EndpointAddress("net.tcp://192.168.1.155:8001/");
            ChannelFactory<IMyContract> factory = new ChannelFactory<IMyContract>(binding, endpointAddress);

            //使用方式1
            IMyContract channel1 = factory.CreateChannel();
            using (channel1 as IDisposable)
            {
                channel1.SendString(GetString(count, "A"));
            }

            //使用方式2
            IMyContract channel2 = factory.CreateChannel();
            channel2.SendString(GetString(count, "B"));
            ICommunicationObject communicationObject = channel2 as ICommunicationObject;
            Debug.Assert(communicationObject != null);
            communicationObject.Close();

书中还提供了帮助类将这部分代码封装起来，最终调用代码和使用代理类差不多。