1:vetor<int> a;
a.reserve(100);
代表预留空间是100,capacity()的返回值也是就100;
vector功能和数组相似,capacity类似于我们通常预设定的数组的最大元素个数,如a[10],代表的就是a数组最多10个元素;
代码如下:
// vector::reserve
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
int main ()
{
std::vector<int>::size_type sz;
std::vector<int> foo;
sz = foo.capacity();
std::cout << "making foo grow:\n";
for (int i=0; i<100; ++i) {
foo.push_back(i);
if (sz!=foo.capacity()) {
sz = foo.capacity();
std::cout << "capacity changed: " << sz << '\n';
}
}
std::vector<int> bar;
sz = bar.capacity();
bar.reserve(100); // this is the only difference with foo above
std::cout << "making bar grow:\n";
for (int i=0; i<100; ++i) {
bar.push_back(i);
if (sz!=bar.capacity()) {
sz = bar.capacity();
std::cout << "capacity changed: " << sz << '\n';
}
}
return 0;
}
输出的结果:
making foo grow:
capacity changed: 1
capacity changed: 2
capacity changed: 4
capacity changed: 8
capacity changed: 16
capacity changed: 32
capacity changed: 64
capacity changed: 128
making bar grow:
capacity changed: 100
2:a.resize(n,m) or a.resize(n)
n代表的就是重新设置vector元素的多少
n大于你之前的size()时,会加上 n-size() 个元素值为m的元素(若m没有,就设置为默认值0);
n小于你之前的size()时,会删除 下标为 n~size()-1 的元素。