本文详细解析了HTTP请求与响应的各个组成部分，包括请求行、请求头、响应状态码及响应头等关键字段的含义与用法。通过阅读本文，读者可以深入理解HTTP通信的基本流程。
Request
Request=Requet-line ((general-header|request-header|entity-header)CRLF)CRLF[message-body
Request-line= Method SP Request-URI SP HTTP-Version CRLF
Method=OPTIONS|GET|HEAD|POST|PUT|DELETE|TRACE|CONNECT|extension-method
Extension-method=token
Request-URI=”*”|absoluteURI|abs_path|authority
Request-header=Accept|Accept-Charset|Accept-Encoding|Accept-Language|Authorization|Except|From|Host|If-Match|If-Modified-Since|If-None-Match|If-Range|If-Unmodified-Since|Max-Forwards|Proxy-Authorization|Range|Referer|TE|User-Agent
Response=Status-Line*((general-header|response-header|entity-header)CRLF)CRLF[message-body]
Status-Line=HTTP-Version SP Status-Code SP Reason-Phrase CRLF
Status-Code
1xx:信息性-收到请求，继续处理
2xx:成功性-成功收到、理解并接受行功
3xx:重定向-必须采取进一步行动来完成请求
4xx:客户端错误-请求包含错误语法或不能完成
5xx:服务器错误-服务器没有成功完成显然有效的请求
Response-header=Accept-Ranges|Age|ETag|Location|Proxy-Authenticate|Retry-After|Server|Vary|WWW-Authenticate
Entity-header=Allow|Content-Encoding|Content-Language|Content-Location|Content-MD5|Content-Range|Content-Type|Expires|Last-Modified|extension-header
Extension-header=message-header
Request=Requet-line ((general-header|request-header|entity-header)CRLF)CRLF[message-body
Request-line= Method SP Request-URI SP HTTP-Version CRLF
Method=OPTIONS|GET|HEAD|POST|PUT|DELETE|TRACE|CONNECT|extension-method
Extension-method=token
Request-URI=”*”|absoluteURI|abs_path|authority
Request-header=Accept|Accept-Charset|Accept-Encoding|Accept-Language|Authorization|Except|From|Host|If-Match|If-Modified-Since|If-None-Match|If-Range|If-Unmodified-Since|Max-Forwards|Proxy-Authorization|Range|Referer|TE|User-Agent
Response=Status-Line*((general-header|response-header|entity-header)CRLF)CRLF[message-body]
Status-Line=HTTP-Version SP Status-Code SP Reason-Phrase CRLF
Status-Code
1xx:信息性-收到请求，继续处理
2xx:成功性-成功收到、理解并接受行功
3xx:重定向-必须采取进一步行动来完成请求
4xx:客户端错误-请求包含错误语法或不能完成
5xx:服务器错误-服务器没有成功完成显然有效的请求
Response-header=Accept-Ranges|Age|ETag|Location|Proxy-Authenticate|Retry-After|Server|Vary|WWW-Authenticate
Entity-header=Allow|Content-Encoding|Content-Language|Content-Location|Content-MD5|Content-Range|Content-Type|Expires|Last-Modified|extension-header
Extension-header=message-header
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