1004 Counting Leaves (30 分)
1004 数叶子 (30分)
A family hierarchy is usually presented by a pedigree tree. Your job is to count those family members who have no child.
家族层次结构通常由系谱树表示,你的任务是数出哪些家族成员没有孩子。
Input Specification:
输入规范:
Each input file contains one test case. Each case starts with a line containing 0<N<100, the number of nodes in a tree, and M (<N), the number of non-leaf nodes. Then M lines follow, each in the format:
ID K ID[1] ID[2] ... ID[K]
where ID
is a two-digit number representing a given non-leaf node, K
is the number of its children, followed by a sequence of two-digit ID
's of its children. For the sake of simplicity, let us fix the root ID to be 01
.
The input ends with N being 0. That case must NOT be processed.
每个输入文件包含一个测试案例。每个测试案例第一行包括树的节点数N(0<N<100)以及非叶节点个数M。然后接下来有M行,每一行的形式如下:
ID K ID[1] ID[2] ... ID[K]
其中ID是表示给定非叶节点的两位数字,K是其子节点的数量,后跟其子节点的两位数ID序列。 为简单起见,我们将根ID修复为01。
输入以N为0结束。不得处理该情况。
Output Specification:
For each test case, you are supposed to count those family members who have no child for every seniority level starting from the root. The numbers must be printed in a line, separated by a space, and there must be no extra space at the end of each line.
The sample case represents a tree with only 2 nodes, where 01
is the root and 02
is its only child. Hence on the root 01
level, there is 0
leaf node; and on the next level, there is 1
leaf node. Then we should output 0 1
in a line.
输出格式:
对于每个测试用例,您应该从从根开始计算每一层没有子层的家庭成员。 数字必须打印成一行,用空格分隔,每行末尾不得有额外的空格。
示例案例表示只有2个节点的树,其中01是根,02是唯一的子节点。 因此在根01级上,有0个叶子节点; 在下一个级别,有1个叶节点。 然后我们应该在一行输出0 1
输出就是按行分别求出每一行没有孩子的节点的个数。
Sample Input:
2 1
01 1 02
Sample Output:
0 1
求解思路:
我们本题可以用深度优先搜索(DFS),
参考柳神:
#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
int book[100], maxdepth=-1;
vector<int> v[100];
void dfs(int index, int depth){
if(v[index].size()==0){
book[depth]++;
maxdepth=max(maxdepth,depth);
}
for(uint i=0; i<v[index].size();i++)
dfs(v[index][i],depth+1);
}
int main(){
int n,m,k,id,idn;
scanf("%d %d",&n,&m);
for(int i=0;i<m;i++){
scanf("%d %d", &id,&k);
for(int j=0;j<k;j++){
scanf("%d", &idn);
v[id].push_back(idn);
}
}
dfs(1,0);
printf("%d",book[0]);
for(int i=1;i<=maxdepth;i++){
printf(" %d",book[i]);
}
return 0;
}