$dmesg内核启动日志

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ dmesg
[    0.000000] Booting Linux on physical CPU 0x0
[    0.000000] Linux version 5.4.83-v7+ (dom@buildbot) (gcc version 8.4.0 (Ubuntu/Linaro 8.4.0-3ubuntu1)) #1379 SMP Mon Dec 14 13:08:57 GMT 2020
[    0.000000] CPU: ARMv7 Processor [410fd034] revision 4 (ARMv7), cr=10c5383d
[    0.000000] CPU: div instructions available: patching division code
[    0.000000] CPU: PIPT / VIPT nonaliasing data cache, VIPT aliasing instruction cache
[    0.000000] OF: fdt: Machine model: Raspberry Pi 3 Model B Plus Rev 1.3
[    0.000000] Memory policy: Data cache writealloc
[    0.000000] Reserved memory: created CMA memory pool at 0x34000000, size 64 MiB
[    0.000000] OF: reserved mem: initialized node linux,cma, compatible id shared-dma-pool
[    0.000000] On node 0 totalpages: 229376
[    0.000000]   Normal zone: 2016 pages used for memmap
[    0.000000]   Normal zone: 0 pages reserved
[    0.000000]   Normal zone: 229376 pages, LIFO batch:63
[    0.000000] percpu: Embedded 20 pages/cpu s49740 r8192 d23988 u81920
[    0.000000] pcpu-alloc: s49740 r8192 d23988 u81920 alloc=20*4096
[    0.000000] pcpu-alloc: [0] 0 [0] 1 [0] 2 [0] 3
[    0.000000] Built 1 zonelists, mobility grouping on.  Total pages: 227360
[    0.000000] Kernel command line: coherent_pool=1M 8250.nr_uarts=1 snd_bcm2835.enable_compat_alsa=0 snd_bcm2835.enable_hdmi=1 bcm2708_fb.fbwidth=720 bcm2708_fb.fbheight=480 bcm2708_fb.fbswap=1 vc_mem.mem_base=0x3ec00000 vc_mem.mem_size=0x40000000  console=ttyS0,115200 console=tty1 root=PARTUUID=a6ed2170-02 rootfstype=ext4 elevator=deadline fsck.repair=yes rootwait quiet splash plymouth.ignore-serial-consoles
[    0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 7, 524288 bytes, linear)
[    0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 6, 262144 bytes, linear)
[    0.000000] mem auto-init: stack:off, heap alloc:off, heap free:off
[    0.000000] Memory: 827696K/917504K available (9216K kernel code, 698K rwdata, 2608K rodata, 1024K init, 827K bss, 24272K reserved, 65536K cma-reserved)
[    0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=4, Nodes=1
[    0.000000] ftrace: allocating 29205 entries in 58 pages
[    0.000000] rcu: Hierarchical RCU implementation.
[    0.000000] rcu: RCU calculated value of scheduler-enlistment delay is 10 jiffies.
[    0.000000] NR_IRQS: 16, nr_irqs: 16, preallocated irqs: 16
[    0.000000] random: get_random_bytes called from start_kernel+0x324/0x4f8 with crng_init=0
[    0.000000] arch_timer: cp15 timer(s) running at 19.20MHz (phys).
[    0.000000] clocksource: arch_sys_counter: mask: 0xffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x46d987e47, max_idle_ns: 440795202767 ns
[    0.000006] sched_clock: 56 bits at 19MHz, resolution 52ns, wraps every 4398046511078ns
[    0.000016] Switching to timer-based delay loop, resolution 52ns
[    0.000262] Console: colour dummy device 80x30
[    0.000288] printk: console [tty1] enabled
[    0.000341] Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 38.40 BogoMIPS (lpj=192000)
[    0.000359] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
[    0.000545] LSM: Security Framework initializing
[    0.000758] Mount-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes, linear)
[    0.000777] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes, linear)
[    0.002167] Disabling memory control group subsystem
[    0.002291] CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok
[    0.002821] CPU0: thread -1, cpu 0, socket 0, mpidr 80000000
[    0.003740] Setting up static identity map for 0x100000 - 0x10003c
[    0.003933] rcu: Hierarchical SRCU implementation.
[    0.004598] smp: Bringing up secondary CPUs ...
[    0.005674] CPU1: thread -1, cpu 1, socket 0, mpidr 80000001
[    0.006910] CPU2: thread -1, cpu 2, socket 0, mpidr 80000002
[    0.008043] CPU3: thread -1, cpu 3, socket 0, mpidr 80000003
[    0.008197] smp: Brought up 1 node, 4 CPUs
[    0.008212] SMP: Total of 4 processors activated (153.60 BogoMIPS).
[    0.008222] CPU: All CPU(s) started in HYP mode.
[    0.008230] CPU: Virtualization extensions available.
[    0.009131] devtmpfs: initialized
[    0.025680] VFP support v0.3: implementor 41 architecture 3 part 40 variant 3 rev 4
[    0.025934] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 19112604462750000 ns
[    0.025959] futex hash table entries: 1024 (order: 4, 65536 bytes, linear)
[    0.029168] pinctrl core: initialized pinctrl subsystem
[    0.030306] NET: Registered protocol family 16
[    0.034316] DMA: preallocated 1024 KiB pool for atomic coherent allocations
[    0.038974] audit: initializing netlink subsys (disabled)
[    0.039235] audit: type=2000 audit(0.030:1): state=initialized audit_enabled=0 res=1
[    0.040780] hw-breakpoint: found 5 (+1 reserved) breakpoint and 4 watchpoint registers.
[    0.040792] hw-breakpoint: maximum watchpoint size is 8 bytes.
[    0.041001] Serial: AMBA PL011 UART driver
[    0.042970] bcm2835-mbox 3f00b880.mailbox: mailbox enabled
[    0.060079] raspberrypi-firmware soc:firmware: Attached to firmware from 2021-01-08 14:34, variant start_x
[    0.070093] raspberrypi-firmware soc:firmware: Firmware hash is 194a85abd768c7334bbadc3f1911c10a7d18ed14
[    0.121512] bcm2835-dma 3f007000.dma: DMA legacy API manager, dmachans=0x1
[    0.123648] SCSI subsystem initialized
[    0.123899] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
[    0.123970] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
[    0.124092] usbcore: registered new device driver usb
[    0.126027] clocksource: Switched to clocksource arch_sys_counter
[    1.383192] VFS: Disk quotas dquot_6.6.0
[    1.383298] VFS: Dquot-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order 0, 4096 bytes)
[    1.383488] FS-Cache: Loaded
[    1.383747] CacheFiles: Loaded
[    1.394986] thermal_sys: Registered thermal governor 'step_wise'
[    1.395356] NET: Registered protocol family 2
[    1.396637] tcp_listen_portaddr_hash hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 6144 bytes, linear)
[    1.396680] TCP established hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes, linear)
[    1.396795] TCP bind hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes, linear)
[    1.396985] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 8192 bind 8192)
[    1.397136] UDP hash table entries: 512 (order: 2, 16384 bytes, linear)
[    1.397187] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 512 (order: 2, 16384 bytes, linear)
[    1.397475] NET: Registered protocol family 1
[    1.398181] RPC: Registered named UNIX socket transport module.
[    1.398191] RPC: Registered udp transport module.
[    1.398201] RPC: Registered tcp transport module.
[    1.398210] RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4.1 backchannel transport module.
[    1.399993] hw perfevents: enabled with armv7_cortex_a7 PMU driver, 7 counters available
[    1.403260] Initialise system trusted keyrings
[    1.403490] workingset: timestamp_bits=14 max_order=18 bucket_order=4
[    1.414901] FS-Cache: Netfs 'nfs' registered for caching
[    1.415690] NFS: Registering the id_resolver key type
[    1.415734] Key type id_resolver registered
[    1.415744] Key type id_legacy registered
[    1.415765] nfs4filelayout_init: NFSv4 File Layout Driver Registering...
[    1.417083] Key type asymmetric registered
[    1.417095] Asymmetric key parser 'x509' registered
[    1.417156] Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 249)
[    1.417168] io scheduler mq-deadline registered
[    1.417179] io scheduler kyber registered
[    1.420408] bcm2708_fb soc:fb: FB found 1 display(s)
[    1.427407] Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 90x30
[    1.433368] bcm2708_fb soc:fb: Registered framebuffer for display 0, size 720x480
[    1.436629] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 1 ports, IRQ sharing enabled
[    1.439087] bcm2835-rng 3f104000.rng: hwrng registered
[    1.439628] vc-mem: phys_addr:0x00000000 mem_base=0x3ec00000 mem_size:0x40000000(1024 MiB)
[    1.440306] vc-sm: Videocore shared memory driver
[    1.440793] gpiomem-bcm2835 3f200000.gpiomem: Initialised: Registers at 0x3f200000
[    1.453526] brd: module loaded
[    1.465550] loop: module loaded
[    1.466989] Loading iSCSI transport class v2.0-870.
[    1.467810] libphy: Fixed MDIO Bus: probed
[    1.467918] usbcore: registered new interface driver lan78xx
[    1.467979] usbcore: registered new interface driver smsc95xx
[    1.468000] dwc_otg: version 3.00a 10-AUG-2012 (platform bus)
[    2.196169] Core Release: 2.80a
[    2.196182] Setting default values for core params
[    2.196207] Finished setting default values for core params
[    2.396582] Using Buffer DMA mode
[    2.396593] Periodic Transfer Interrupt Enhancement - disabled
[    2.396603] Multiprocessor Interrupt Enhancement - disabled
[    2.396614] OTG VER PARAM: 0, OTG VER FLAG: 0
[    2.396641] Dedicated Tx FIFOs mode
[    2.397290] WARN::dwc_otg_hcd_init:1074: FIQ DMA bounce buffers: virt = b4114000 dma = 0xf4114000 len=9024
[    2.397315] FIQ FSM acceleration enabled for :
               Non-periodic Split Transactions
               Periodic Split Transactions
               High-Speed Isochronous Endpoints
               Interrupt/Control Split Transaction hack enabled
[    2.397327] dwc_otg: Microframe scheduler enabled
[    2.397388] WARN::hcd_init_fiq:457: FIQ on core 1
[    2.397398] WARN::hcd_init_fiq:458: FIQ ASM at 8070bf24 length 36
[    2.397408] WARN::hcd_init_fiq:497: MPHI regs_base at b8810000
[    2.397427] dwc_otg 3f980000.usb: DWC OTG Controller
[    2.397462] dwc_otg 3f980000.usb: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1
[    2.397508] dwc_otg 3f980000.usb: irq 56, io mem 0x00000000
[    2.397557] Init: Port Power? op_state=1
[    2.397566] Init: Power Port (0)
[    2.397929] usb usb1: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0002, bcdDevice= 5.04
[    2.397944] usb usb1: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1
[    2.397958] usb usb1: Product: DWC OTG Controller
[    2.397972] usb usb1: Manufacturer: Linux 5.4.83-v7+ dwc_otg_hcd
[    2.397985] usb usb1: SerialNumber: 3f980000.usb
[    2.398639] hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found
[    2.398702] hub 1-0:1.0: 1 port detected
[    2.399464] dwc_otg: FIQ enabled
[    2.399474] dwc_otg: NAK holdoff enabled
[    2.399483] dwc_otg: FIQ split-transaction FSM enabled
[    2.399498] Module dwc_common_port init
[    2.399825] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage
[    2.400013] mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
[    2.401179] bcm2835-wdt bcm2835-wdt: Broadcom BCM2835 watchdog timer
[    2.404038] sdhci: Secure Digital Host Controller Interface driver
[    2.404048] sdhci: Copyright(c) Pierre Ossman
[    2.404638] mmc-bcm2835 3f300000.mmcnr: could not get clk, deferring probe
[    2.405300] sdhost-bcm2835 3f202000.mmc: could not get clk, deferring probe
[    2.405552] sdhci-pltfm: SDHCI platform and OF driver helper
[    2.407355] ledtrig-cpu: registered to indicate activity on CPUs
[    2.407722] hidraw: raw HID events driver (C) Jiri Kosina
[    2.407883] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid
[    2.407893] usbhid: USB HID core driver
[    2.408802] vchiq: vchiq_init_state: slot_zero = (ptrval)
[    2.410185] [vc_sm_connected_init]: start
[    2.416682] [vc_sm_connected_init]: end - returning 0
[    2.418608] Initializing XFRM netlink socket
[    2.418646] NET: Registered protocol family 17
[    2.418779] Key type dns_resolver registered
[    2.419521] Registering SWP/SWPB emulation handler
[    2.419861] registered taskstats version 1
[    2.419879] Loading compiled-in X.509 certificates
[    2.420392] Key type ._fscrypt registered
[    2.420402] Key type .fscrypt registered
[    2.431088] uart-pl011 3f201000.serial: cts_event_workaround enabled
[    2.431187] 3f201000.serial: ttyAMA0 at MMIO 0x3f201000 (irq = 81, base_baud = 0) is a PL011 rev2
[    2.433555] printk: console [ttyS0] disabled
[    2.433629] 3f215040.serial: ttyS0 at MMIO 0x0 (irq = 53, base_baud = 68750000) is a 16550
[    2.433695] printk: console [ttyS0] enabled
[    2.434402] bcm2835-power bcm2835-power: Broadcom BCM2835 power domains driver
[    2.435877] mmc-bcm2835 3f300000.mmcnr: mmc_debug:0 mmc_debug2:0
[    2.435891] mmc-bcm2835 3f300000.mmcnr: DMA channel allocated
[    2.462470] sdhost: log_buf @ (ptrval) (f4113000)
[    2.499137] mmc1: queuing unknown CIS tuple 0x80 (2 bytes)
[    2.500769] mmc1: queuing unknown CIS tuple 0x80 (3 bytes)
[    2.502404] mmc1: queuing unknown CIS tuple 0x80 (3 bytes)
[    2.505330] mmc1: queuing unknown CIS tuple 0x80 (7 bytes)
[    2.510605] mmc0: sdhost-bcm2835 loaded - DMA enabled (>1)
[    2.513166] of_cfs_init
[    2.513442] of_cfs_init: OK
[    2.514328] Waiting for root device PARTUUID=a6ed2170-02...
[    2.567323] mmc0: host does not support reading read-only switch, assuming write-enable
[    2.569161] mmc0: Problem switching card into high-speed mode!
[    2.570156] mmc0: new SDHC card at address 0001
[    2.571155] mmcblk0: mmc0:0001 SD32G 28.9 GiB
[    2.573839]  mmcblk0: p1 p2
[    2.574586] random: fast init done
[    2.594755] mmc1: new high speed SDIO card at address 0001
[    2.612258] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p2): INFO: recovery required on readonly filesystem
[    2.612272] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p2): write access will be enabled during recovery
[    2.616181] Indeed it is in host mode hprt0 = 00021501
[    2.826081] usb 1-1: new high-speed USB device number 2 using dwc_otg
[    2.826234] Indeed it is in host mode hprt0 = 00001101
[    2.942822] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p2): recovery complete
[    2.945894] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p2): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null)
[    2.945973] VFS: Mounted root (ext4 filesystem) readonly on device 179:2.
[    2.947338] devtmpfs: mounted
[    2.954266] Freeing unused kernel memory: 1024K
[    2.954713] Run /sbin/init as init process
[    3.066407] usb 1-1: New USB device found, idVendor=0424, idProduct=2514, bcdDevice= b.b3
[    3.066425] usb 1-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=0, Product=0, SerialNumber=0
[    3.067148] hub 1-1:1.0: USB hub found
[    3.067282] hub 1-1:1.0: 4 ports detected
[    3.386094] usb 1-1.1: new high-speed USB device number 3 using dwc_otg
[    3.516408] usb 1-1.1: New USB device found, idVendor=0424, idProduct=2514, bcdDevice= b.b3
[    3.516427] usb 1-1.1: New USB device strings: Mfr=0, Product=0, SerialNumber=0
[    3.517118] hub 1-1.1:1.0: USB hub found
[    3.517230] hub 1-1.1:1.0: 3 ports detected
[    3.816084] usb 1-1.2: new full-speed USB device number 4 using dwc_otg
[    3.964934] usb 1-1.2: New USB device found, idVendor=1395, idProduct=0299, bcdDevice= 0.00
[    3.964950] usb 1-1.2: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[    3.964964] usb 1-1.2: Product: EPOS ADAPT 1x5T
[    3.964977] usb 1-1.2: Manufacturer: DSEA A/S
[    3.964991] usb 1-1.2: SerialNumber: 000000000000
[    3.979403] input: DSEA A/S EPOS ADAPT 1x5T Consumer Control as /devices/platform/soc/3f980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.2/1-1.2:1.3/0003:1395:0299.0001/input/input0
[    4.046480] input: DSEA A/S EPOS ADAPT 1x5T as /devices/platform/soc/3f980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.2/1-1.2:1.3/0003:1395:0299.0001/input/input1
[    4.046818] input: DSEA A/S EPOS ADAPT 1x5T as /devices/platform/soc/3f980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.2/1-1.2:1.3/0003:1395:0299.0001/input/input2
[    4.047157] input: DSEA A/S EPOS ADAPT 1x5T as /devices/platform/soc/3f980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.2/1-1.2:1.3/0003:1395:0299.0001/input/input3
[    4.047791] hid-generic 0003:1395:0299.0001: input,hiddev96,hidraw0: USB HID v1.11 Device [DSEA A/S EPOS ADAPT 1x5T] on usb-3f980000.usb-1.2/input3
[    4.098207] systemd[1]: System time before build time, advancing clock.
[    4.296095] usb 1-1.1.1: new high-speed USB device number 5 using dwc_otg
[    4.365684] NET: Registered protocol family 10
[    4.367006] Segment Routing with IPv6
[    4.424413] systemd[1]: systemd 241 running in system mode. (+PAM +AUDIT +SELINUX +IMA +APPARMOR +SMACK +SYSVINIT +UTMP +LIBCRYPTSETUP +GCRYPT +GNUTLS +ACL +XZ +LZ4 +SECCOMP +BLKID +ELFUTILS +KMOD -IDN2 +IDN -PCRE2 default-hierarchy=hybrid)
[    4.425395] systemd[1]: Detected architecture arm.
[    4.426666] usb 1-1.1.1: New USB device found, idVendor=0424, idProduct=7800, bcdDevice= 3.00
[    4.426682] usb 1-1.1.1: New USB device strings: Mfr=0, Product=0, SerialNumber=0
[    4.518942] systemd[1]: Set hostname to <raspberrypi>.
[    4.692511] lan78xx 1-1.1.1:1.0 (unnamed net_device) (uninitialized): No External EEPROM. Setting MAC Speed
[    4.694419] libphy: lan78xx-mdiobus: probed
[    4.798464] lan78xx 1-1.1.1:1.0 (unnamed net_device) (uninitialized): int urb period 64
[    5.349560] systemd[1]: /lib/systemd/system/xrdp.service:8: PIDFile= references path below legacy directory /var/run/, updating /var/run/xrdp/xrdp.pid → /run/xrdp/xrdp.pid; please update the unit file accordingly.
[    5.352087] systemd[1]: /lib/systemd/system/xrdp-sesman.service:9: PIDFile= references path below legacy directory /var/run/, updating /var/run/xrdp/xrdp-sesman.pid → /run/xrdp/xrdp-sesman.pid; please update the unit file accordingly.
[    5.675351] random: systemd: uninitialized urandom read (16 bytes read)
[    5.691965] random: systemd: uninitialized urandom read (16 bytes read)
[    5.692601] systemd[1]: Listening on Journal Audit Socket.
[    5.692994] random: systemd: uninitialized urandom read (16 bytes read)
[    5.693594] systemd[1]: Listening on fsck to fsckd communication Socket.
[    5.693752] systemd[1]: Reached target Swap.
[    5.694341] systemd[1]: Listening on udev Kernel Socket.
[    5.695053] systemd[1]: Listening on Journal Socket (/dev/log).
[    5.865212] i2c /dev entries driver
[    6.599765] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p2): re-mounted. Opts: (null)
[    6.733539] systemd-journald[108]: Received request to flush runtime journal from PID 1
[    7.476944] vc_sm_cma: module is from the staging directory, the quality is unknown, you have been warned.
[    7.491629] bcm2835_vc_sm_cma_probe: Videocore shared memory driver
[    7.500248] [vc_sm_connected_init]: start
[    7.506227] [vc_sm_connected_init]: installed successfully
[    7.544222] mc: Linux media interface: v0.10
[    7.622948] snd_bcm2835: module is from the staging directory, the quality is unknown, you have been warned.
[    7.635649] videodev: Linux video capture interface: v2.00
[    7.656999] bcm2835_audio bcm2835_audio: card created with 8 channels
[    7.737810] bcm2835_mmal_vchiq: module is from the staging directory, the quality is unknown, you have been warned.
[    7.737814] bcm2835_mmal_vchiq: module is from the staging directory, the quality is unknown, you have been warned.
[    7.737819] bcm2835_mmal_vchiq: module is from the staging directory, the quality is unknown, you have been warned.
[    7.789143] bcm2835_isp: module is from the staging directory, the quality is unknown, you have been warned.
[    7.868312] bcm2835_v4l2: module is from the staging directory, the quality is unknown, you have been warned.
[    7.897031] bcm2835-isp bcm2835-isp: Device node output[0] registered as /dev/video13
[    7.928449] bcm2835_codec: module is from the staging directory, the quality is unknown, you have been warned.
[    7.946791] bcm2835-isp bcm2835-isp: Device node capture[0] registered as /dev/video14
[    7.956139] bcm2835-isp bcm2835-isp: Device node capture[1] registered as /dev/video15
[    8.401928] cfg80211: Loading compiled-in X.509 certificates for regulatory database
[    8.584667] bcm2835-isp bcm2835-isp: Device node stats[2] registered as /dev/video16
[    8.599341] bcm2835-codec bcm2835-codec: Device registered as /dev/video10
[    8.624235] bcm2835-isp bcm2835-isp: Register output node 0 with media controller
[    8.628083] cfg80211: Loaded X.509 cert 'sforshee: 00b28ddf47aef9cea7'
[    8.647178] bcm2835-codec bcm2835-codec: Loaded V4L2 decode
[    8.674588] bcm2835-isp bcm2835-isp: Register capture node 1 with media controller
[    8.688790] bcm2835-isp bcm2835-isp: Register capture node 2 with media controller
[    8.706335] bcm2835-isp bcm2835-isp: Register capture node 3 with media controller
[    8.719145] bcm2835-isp bcm2835-isp: Loaded V4L2 bcm2835-isp
[    8.730397] bcm2835-codec bcm2835-codec: Device registered as /dev/video11
[    8.746213] bcm2835-codec bcm2835-codec: Loaded V4L2 encode
[    8.783790] usb 1-1.2: Warning! Unlikely big volume range (=11520), cval->res is probably wrong.
[    8.803812] usb 1-1.2: [7] FU [Sidetone Playback Volume] ch = 1, val = -14592/-3072/1
[    8.822487] bcm2835-codec bcm2835-codec: Device registered as /dev/video12
[    8.829570] bcm2835-codec bcm2835-codec: Loaded V4L2 isp
[    8.862558] usb 1-1.2: Warning! Unlikely big volume range (=12800), cval->res is probably wrong.
[    8.871874] usb 1-1.2: [2] FU [Speaker Volume Playback Volume] ch = 2, val = -12800/0/1
[    8.933309] usb 1-1.2: Warning! Unlikely big volume range (=7680), cval->res is probably wrong.
[    8.942303] usb 1-1.2: [5] FU [Mic Volume Capture Volume] ch = 1, val = -7680/0/1
[    8.955294] usbcore: registered new interface driver snd-usb-audio
[    9.143671] brcmfmac: F1 signature read @0x18000000=0x15264345
[    9.158005] brcmfmac: brcmf_fw_alloc_request: using brcm/brcmfmac43455-sdio for chip BCM4345/6
[    9.170685] usbcore: registered new interface driver brcmfmac
[    9.267292] brcmfmac mmc1:0001:1: Direct firmware load for brcm/brcmfmac43455-sdio.raspberrypi,3-model-b-plus.txt failed with error -2
[    9.460222] random: crng init done
[    9.463687] random: 7 urandom warning(s) missed due to ratelimiting
[    9.497703] brcmfmac: brcmf_fw_alloc_request: using brcm/brcmfmac43455-sdio for chip BCM4345/6
[    9.521244] brcmfmac: brcmf_c_preinit_dcmds: Firmware: BCM4345/6 wl0: Mar 23 2020 02:19:54 version 7.45.206 (r725000 CY) FWID 01-88ee44ea
[   10.565281] snd_soc_wm8960: loading out-of-tree module taints kernel.
[   10.643735] asoc-simple-card soc:sound: wm8960-hifi <-> 3f203000.i2s mapping ok
[   12.463934] uart-pl011 3f201000.serial: no DMA platform data
[   13.019811] 8021q: 802.1Q VLAN Support v1.8
[   13.636193] Adding 102396k swap on /var/swap.  Priority:-2 extents:1 across:102396k SSFS
[   13.994920] brcmfmac: brcmf_cfg80211_set_power_mgmt: power save enabled
[   14.782279] 8021q: adding VLAN 0 to HW filter on device eth0
[   14.797212] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): eth0: link becomes ready
[   19.944127] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): wlan0: link becomes ready
[   20.366714] Bluetooth: Core ver 2.22
[   20.370449] NET: Registered protocol family 31
[   20.374998] Bluetooth: HCI device and connection manager initialized
[   20.382994] Bluetooth: HCI socket layer initialized
[   20.388551] Bluetooth: L2CAP socket layer initialized
[   20.393925] Bluetooth: SCO socket layer initialized
[   20.428870] Bluetooth: HCI UART driver ver 2.3
[   20.433392] Bluetooth: HCI UART protocol H4 registered
[   20.439358] Bluetooth: HCI UART protocol Three-wire (H5) registered
[   20.448321] Bluetooth: HCI UART protocol Broadcom registered
[   20.834813] Bluetooth: BNEP (Ethernet Emulation) ver 1.3
[   20.840269] Bluetooth: BNEP filters: protocol multicast
[   20.846264] Bluetooth: BNEP socket layer initialized
[   21.813403] fuse: init (API version 7.31)
[   28.632512] Bluetooth: RFCOMM TTY layer initialized
[   28.637719] Bluetooth: RFCOMM socket layer initialized
[   28.643081] Bluetooth: RFCOMM ver 1.11
pi@raspberrypi:~ $

系统启动与CPU信息

• [ 0.000000] Booting Linux on physical CPU 0x0 系统开始在物理 CPU 0（核心0）上启动 Linux。

• [ 0.000000] Linux version 5.4.83-v7+ ... 显示当前运行的 Linux 内核版本、编译者信息和编译时间。

• [ 0.000000] CPU: ARMv7 Processor ... 表明使用的是 ARMv7 架构的处理器，具体型号为 Cortex-A7。

• [ 0.000000] CPU: div instructions available: patching division code CPU 支持除法指令，内核将使用优化后的除法代码。

• [ 0.000000] OF: fdt: Machine model: Raspberry Pi 3 Model B Plus Rev 1.3 识别出当前硬件为 Raspberry Pi 3 B+，硬件版本为 1.3。

🧮 内存初始化

• [ 0.000000] Reserved memory: created CMA memory pool at 0x34000000, size 64 MiB 创建了一个 64MB 的连续内存分配池（CMA），用于设备驱动共享内存。

• [ 0.000000] On node 0 totalpages: 229376 系统检测到总共 229,376 个内存页（每页通常为 4KB）。

• [ 0.000000] Memory: 827696K/917504K available ... 总内存为约 896MB，其中约 827MB 可用，其余用于内核、CMA等。

🧩 内核参数与缓存设置

• [ 0.000000] Kernel command line: ... 显示启动时传递给内核的参数，如根文件系统位置、控制台设置等。

• [ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 131072 ... 初始化目录项缓存，用于加速文件系统访问。

• [ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 65536 ... 初始化 inode 缓存，用于管理文件元数据。

🧷 CPU与调度器设置

• [ 0.000006] sched_clock: 56 bits at 19MHz ... 设置调度器使用的时钟频率和精度。

• [ 0.000262] Console: colour dummy device 80x30 初始化一个虚拟控制台设备，尺寸为 80x30 字符。

• [ 0.000288] printk: console [tty1] enabled 启用 tty1 控制台，用于显示启动信息。

🔐 安全与挂载

• [ 0.000545] LSM: Security Framework initializing 初始化 Linux 安全模块（如 SELinux、AppArmor）。

• [ 0.000758] Mount-cache hash table entries: 2048 初始化挂载点缓存，加速文件系统挂载。

🔄 多核处理器初始化

• [ 0.004598] smp: Bringing up secondary CPUs ... 启动其他 CPU 核心（多核支持）。

• [ 0.008197] smp: Brought up 1 node, 4 CPUs 成功启动了 4 个 CPU 核心。

• [ 0.008222] CPU: All CPU(s) started in HYP mode. 所有 CPU 以 Hypervisor 模式启动，支持虚拟化。

🧰 驱动与设备初始化

• [ 0.009131] devtmpfs: initialized 初始化设备虚拟文件系统 /dev。

• [ 0.025934] clocksource: jiffies ... 设置系统时钟源为 jiffies（内核时间单位）。

• [ 0.030306] NET: Registered protocol family 16 注册网络协议族，用于设备间通信。

• [ 0.038974] audit: initializing netlink subsys 初始化审计系统，用于记录安全相关事件。

📦 文件系统与缓存

• [ 1.383192] VFS: Disk quotas dquot_6.6.0 启用磁盘配额支持。

• [ 1.383488] FS-Cache: Loaded 启用文件系统缓存机制。

• [ 1.414901] FS-Cache: Netfs 'nfs' registered for caching 为 NFS 网络文件系统启用缓存支持。

🔥 热管理与网络协议

• [ 1.394986] thermal_sys: Registered thermal governor 'step_wise' 注册热管理策略，用于控制 CPU 温度。

• [ 1.395356] NET: Registered protocol family 2 注册 IPv4 协议族。

• [ 1.396795] TCP bind hash table entries: 8192 初始化 TCP 端口绑定哈希表。

🔑 密钥与加密支持

• [ 1.417083] Key type asymmetric registered 注册非对称加密密钥类型。

• [ 1.417095] Asymmetric key parser 'x509' registered 注册 X.509 证书解析器。

🖥️ 显示与帧缓冲

• [ 1.420408] bcm2708_fb soc:fb: FB found 1 display(s) 检测到一个显示设备。

• [ 1.433368] bcm2708_fb soc:fb: Registered framebuffer ... 注册帧缓冲设备，分辨率为 720x480。

🔌 USB与DMA

• [ 1.467918] usbcore: registered new interface driver lan78xx 注册 LAN78xx USB 网卡驱动。

• [ 2.396582] Using Buffer DMA mode USB 控制器使用缓冲 DMA 模式。

• [ 2.397327] dwc_otg: Microframe scheduler enabled 启用 USB 微帧调度器，提高传输效率。

  USB 控制器与设备初始化

• [2.397427] dwc_otg 3f980000.usb: DWC OTG Controller 初始化 DesignWare USB OTG 控制器（支持主机和设备模式）。

• [2.397462] ... new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1 注册了一个新的 USB 总线，编号为 1。

• [2.397508] ... irq 56, io mem 0x00000000 分配中断号 56，用于 USB 控制器事件处理。

• [2.397557] Init: Port Power? op_state=1 USB 端口电源初始化，状态为 1（表示主机模式）。

• [2.397929] usb usb1: New USB device found ... 检测到 USB 根集线器设备，Vendor ID 为 1d6b（Linux Foundation），Product ID 为 0002（USB 2.0 Hub）。

• [2.398639] hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found 找到一个 USB 集线器（Hub），即主控制器的根集线器。

• [2.399464] dwc_otg: FIQ enabled 启用快速中断（FIQ）以提高 USB 性能。

• [2.399498] Module dwc_common_port init 初始化通用 DWC USB 模块。

• [2.399825] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage 注册 USB 存储设备驱动（如 U 盘、硬盘）。

• 🖱️ 输入设备与看门狗

• [2.400013] mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice 初始化鼠标设备支持。

• [2.401179] bcm2835-wdt: Broadcom BCM2835 watchdog timer 初始化看门狗定时器，用于系统故障自动重启。

• 💾 SD 卡与存储控制器

• [2.404038] sdhci: Secure Digital Host Controller Interface driver 初始化 SD 卡主机控制器驱动。

• [2.404638] mmc-bcm2835 ... could not get clk, deferring probe SD 控制器暂时无法获取时钟资源，延迟初始化。

• [2.407355] ledtrig-cpu: registered to indicate activity on CPUs 注册 CPU 活动 LED 指示器。

• 🧩 HID 与视频核心初始化

• [2.407722] hidraw: raw HID events driver 初始化原始 HID（人机接口设备）驱动。

• [2.407893] usbhid: USB HID core driver 注册 USB HID 核心驱动（用于键盘、鼠标等）。

• [2.408802] vchiq: vchiq_init_state: slot_zero = (ptrval) 初始化 VCHIQ（VideoCore Host Interface Queue），用于 GPU 通信。

• [2.410185] [vc_sm_connected_init]: start 启动 VideoCore 共享内存初始化。

• [2.416682] [vc_sm_connected_init]: end - returning 0 初始化完成，返回成功。

• 🌐 网络与加密支持

• [2.418608] Initializing XFRM netlink socket 初始化 XFRM（IPSec）网络套接字。

• [2.418646] NET: Registered protocol family 17 注册 IPv6 或其他网络协议族。

• [2.419521] Registering SWP/SWPB emulation handler 注册 SWP 指令模拟器（旧 ARM 指令支持）。

• 🔐 文件系统加密与串口

• [2.419879] Loading compiled-in X.509 certificates 加载内核编译时内置的 X.509 证书，用于验证模块或安全通信。

• [2.431088] uart-pl011 ... ttyAMA0 ... is a PL011 rev2 初始化 PL011 UART 串口设备 ttyAMA0。

• [2.433629] 3f215040.serial: ttyS0 ... is a 16550 初始化第二个串口 ttyS0，使用 16550 控制器。

• ⚡ 电源与 SD 卡识别

• [2.434402] bcm2835-power: Broadcom BCM2835 power domains driver 初始化电源域驱动，管理芯片不同模块的电源状态。

• [2.435877] mmc-bcm2835 ... DMA channel allocated 成功为 SD 控制器分配 DMA 通道。

• [2.510605] mmc0: sdhost-bcm2835 loaded - DMA enabled (>1) SD 主机控制器加载完成，启用 DMA 加速。

• 📂 文件系统挂载过程

• [2.514328] Waiting for root device PARTUUID=a6ed2170-02... 等待根文件系统设备挂载。

• [2.570156] mmc0: new SDHC card at address 0001 检测到新的 SDHC 卡。

• [2.571155] mmcblk0: mmc0:0001 SD32G 28.9 GiB 识别出 SD 卡容量为 28.9GB，型号为 SD32G。

• [2.573839] mmcblk0: p1 p2 SD 卡分区为 p1 和 p2。

• [2.612258] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p2): INFO: recovery required ... EXT4 文件系统检测到需要恢复，将启用写入权限。

• [2.942822] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p2): recovery complete 文件系统恢复完成。

• [2.945894] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p2): mounted filesystem ... 成功挂载根文件系统。

• [2.954713] Run /sbin/init as init process 启动用户空间的 init 进程，进入系统初始化阶段。

• 🧩 USB设备识别与集线器扩展

• [3.066407] usb 1-1: New USB device found, idVendor=0424, idProduct=2514 检测到一个 USB 集线器设备，Vendor ID 为 0424（Standard Microsystems Corp）。

• [3.067148] hub 1-1:1.0: USB hub found ... 4 ports detected 该集线器提供 4 个 USB 端口。

• [3.516408] usb 1-1.1: New USB device found, idVendor=0424, idProduct=2514 又检测到一个 USB 集线器，提供 3 个端口。

• [3.964934] usb 1-1.2: New USB device found, idVendor=1395, idProduct=0299 检测到一个新 USB 设备，Vendor ID 为 1395，Product ID 为 0299，可能是某个外接设备（如摄像头、Wi-Fi模块等）。

• USB 音频设备识别与初始化

• [3.964964] usb 1-1.2: Product: EPOS ADAPT 1x5T 识别出连接的 USB 音频设备名称为 EPOS ADAPT 1x5T。

• [3.964977] usb 1-1.2: Manufacturer: DSEA A/S 制造商为 DSEA A/S（EPOS 的母公司）。

• [3.979403] input: ... Consumer Control as /devices/.../input/input0 注册了一个“消费者控制”输入设备（如音量调节、播放控制按钮）。

• [4.046480] input: ... as /devices/.../input/input1 注册了另一个输入设备接口，可能是麦克风或耳机按钮。

• [4.047791] hid-generic ... USB HID v1.11 Device ... 使用通用 HID 驱动加载该设备，支持 HID 原始事件和 hiddev 接口。

• 🕰️ 系统时间与 systemd 初始化

• [4.098207] systemd[1]: System time before build time, advancing clock. 系统时间早于内核构建时间，自动前移系统时间。

• [4.424413] systemd[1]: systemd 241 running in system mode. systemd 初始化完成，版本为 241，启用多种安全模块（如 SELinux、AppArmor）。

• [4.518942] systemd[1]: Set hostname to <raspberrypi>. 设置主机名为 raspberrypi。

• 🌐 网络设备与驱动

• [4.692511] lan78xx ... No External EEPROM. Setting MAC Speed LAN78xx 网卡驱动初始化，未检测到外部 EEPROM，使用默认 MAC 设置。

• [4.798464] lan78xx ... int urb period 64 设置 USB 网络设备的中断周期为 64。

• 📦 systemd 服务与随机数初始化

• [5.349560] systemd[1]: ... updating /var/run/xrdp/... systemd 检测到服务文件使用了旧路径 /var/run/，自动更新为 /run/。

• [5.675351] random: systemd: uninitialized urandom read systemd 在启动时读取未初始化的随机数（用于安全目的）。

• 🧪 驱动加载与文件系统挂载

• [6.599765] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p2): re-mounted. 根文件系统重新挂载为读写模式。

• [7.476944] vc_sm_cma: module is from the staging directory 加载 VideoCore 共享内存驱动，来自 staging（实验性）目录。

• 🔊 USB 音量控制警告

• [8.783790] usb 1-1.2: Warning! Unlikely big volume range (=11520) 警告：USB 音频设备报告了异常大的音量范围，可能是驱动解析错误。

• [8.871874] usb 1-1.2: [2] FU [Speaker Volume Playback Volume] ... 显示扬声器音量的控制范围和通道信息。

• [8.955294] usbcore: registered new interface driver snd-usb-audio 注册 USB 音频驱动，支持麦克风、耳机等设备。

• 📶 Wi-Fi 驱动与固件加载

• [9.143671] brcmfmac: F1 signature read ... Broadcom Wi-Fi 芯片初始化，读取签名。

• [9.267292] ... firmware load failed with error -2 尝试加载特定固件失败，但系统会使用默认固件继续。

• [9.521244] ... Firmware: BCM4345/6 wl0 ... version 7.45.206 成功加载 Wi-Fi 固件，版本信息显示。

• 🔊 音频芯片与声卡映射

• [10.565281] snd_soc_wm8960: loading out-of-tree module taints kernel. 加载 WM8960 音频芯片驱动，属于外部模块，标记内核被“污染”。

• [10.643735] ... wm8960-hifi <-> 3f203000.i2s mapping ok 成功将 WM8960 音频芯片与 I²S 接口映射，声卡初始化完成。

• 🌐 网络与蓝牙初始化

• [13.636193] Adding 102396k swap on /var/swap. 启用交换空间（swap），用于内存不足时临时存储。

• [14.797212] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): eth0: link becomes ready 有线网卡 eth0 链接准备就绪。

• [19.944127] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): wlan0: link becomes ready 无线网卡 wlan0 链接准备就绪。

• 🟦 蓝牙协议栈初始化

• [20.366714] Bluetooth: Core ver 2.22 蓝牙核心协议栈版本 2.22 初始化。

• [20.428870] Bluetooth: HCI UART driver ver 2.3 初始化 HCI UART 驱动，支持多种协议（H4、H5、Broadcom）。

• [20.834813] Bluetooth: BNEP (Ethernet Emulation) ver 1.3 启用 BNEP 蓝牙网络协议，用于模拟以太网连接。

• [28.632512] Bluetooth: RFCOMM TTY layer initialized 启用 RFCOMM 协议（串口仿真），用于蓝牙串口通信。

• [7.789143] bcm2835_isp: module is from the staging directory 加载 ISP（图像信号处理）模块，用于摄像头图像处理。

• [8.599341] bcm2835-codec: Device registered as /dev/video10 注册视频编解码设备，支持 V4L2 接口。

• [8.822487] bcm2835-codec: Device registered as /dev/video12 注册 ISP 视频设备。