java摄像头实时摄像程序

本文转自：http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-24343152-id-3620832.html

1.用Java Media Framework

下载地址: http://java.sun.com/javase/technologies/desktop/media/jmf/2.1.1/download.html

2.设置环境变量
新建JMFHOME=C:\Program Files\JMF2.1.1e
设置CLASSPATH=%JMFHOME%\lib\jmf.jar;%JMFHOME%\lib\sound.jar;.;%CLASSPATH% 

3.导入JMF所需jar包customizer.jar，jmf.jar，mediaplayer.jar，multiplayer.jar，sound.jar

    package com.util;

    import java.awt.BorderLayout;
    import java.awt.Component;
    import java.awt.Graphics;
    import java.awt.GraphicsConfiguration;
    import java.awt.GraphicsDevice;
    import java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment;
    import java.awt.HeadlessException;
    import java.awt.Image;
    import java.awt.Transparency;
    import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
    import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
    import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
    import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
    import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
    import java.awt.image.ColorModel;
    import java.awt.image.PixelGrabber;
    import java.io.File;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.util.Date;
    import java.util.Vector;

    import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
    import javax.media.Buffer;
    import javax.media.CaptureDeviceInfo;
    import javax.media.CaptureDeviceManager;
    import javax.media.Format;
    import javax.media.MediaLocator;
    import javax.media.NoPlayerException;
    import javax.media.control.FrameGrabbingControl;
    import javax.media.format.RGBFormat;
    import javax.media.format.VideoFormat;
    import javax.media.protocol.DataSource;
    import javax.media.protocol.PushBufferDataSource;
    import javax.media.util.BufferToImage;
    import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
    import javax.swing.JButton;
    import javax.swing.JFrame;
    import javax.swing.JPanel;

    import profile.PearlInputHtml;

    import jmapps.jmstudio.CaptureDialog;
    import jmapps.ui.PlayerFrame;
    import jmapps.util.CDSWrapper;
    import jmapps.util.JMFUtils;

    public class Capture extends PlayerFrame {
        public static String picUrl="";
        public boolean flag=false;
        
        
        public Capture() {
            super(null, "视频捕获窗口");
        }
        DataSource dataSource;
        private CaptureDeviceInfo infor;
        private MediaLocator mediaLocator;
        String str1 = "vfw:Logitech USB Video Camera:0";
        String str2 = "vfw:Microsoft WDM Image Capture (Win32):0";
        private String url = "vfw:Microsoft WDM Image Capture (Win32):0";
        private Component com;
        private JPanel panel;
        private int captureCount = 0;
        FrameGrabbingControl controlGrabber;
        public void play() {
            if (mediaPlayerCurrent.getState() != mediaPlayerCurrent.Started) {
                mediaPlayerCurrent.start();
            }
        }

        public void init() throws NoPlayerException, IOException {
            // setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DO_NOTHING_ON_CLOSE);
            String nameCaptureDeviceAudio = null;
            String nameCaptureDeviceVideo = null;
            CaptureDialog dialogCapture = new CaptureDialog(this, null);
            dialogCapture.show();
            if (dialogCapture.getAction() == CaptureDialog.ACTION_CANCEL)
                return;
            CaptureDeviceInfo cdi = dialogCapture.getAudioDevice();
            if (cdi != null && dialogCapture.isAudioDeviceUsed())
                nameCaptureDeviceAudio = cdi.getName();
            cdi = dialogCapture.getVideoDevice();
            if (cdi != null && dialogCapture.isVideoDeviceUsed())
                nameCaptureDeviceVideo = cdi.getName();
            dataSource = JMFUtils.createCaptureDataSource(nameCaptureDeviceAudio,
                    dialogCapture.getAudioFormat(), nameCaptureDeviceVideo,
                    dialogCapture.getVideoFormat());
            DataSource cdswrapper = new CDSWrapper(
                    (PushBufferDataSource) dataSource);
            dataSource = cdswrapper;
            dataSource.connect();
            open(dataSource);
            JPanel controlPanel = new JPanel();
            controlPanel.setName("controlPnael is here");
            add(BorderLayout.SOUTH, controlPanel);
            JButton capture = new JButton("Capture Image");
            capture.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
                    mediaPlayerCurrent.stop();
                    Buffer bufferFrame;
                    BufferToImage bufferToImage;
                    Image image;
                    BufferedImage bi;
                    controlGrabber = (FrameGrabbingControl) mediaPlayerCurrent
                            .getControl("javax.media.control.FrameGrabbingControl");
                    bufferFrame = controlGrabber.grabFrame();
                    bufferToImage = new BufferToImage((VideoFormat) bufferFrame.getFormat());
                    image = bufferToImage.createImage(bufferFrame);
                    String desFileName = "img_"+ ComUtil.getFormatDate(new Date(),"yyyyMMddHHMMSSSS");// 拼成文件名称
                    String url = ConstantUtil.imgUploadAddress + desFileName;
                    //File out = new File("capture" + (++captureCount) + ".png");
                    
                    picUrl = url+".png";
                    File out = new File(url+".png");
                    try {
                        bi = toBufferedImage(image);
                        ImageIO.write(bi, "png", out);
                        
                        File fileTmp = new File(picUrl);
                        Image m = new ImageIcon(picUrl).getImage();
                        BufferedImage bufImg = new BufferedImage(
                                PearlInputHtml.capLabel.getWidth() - 2,
                                PearlInputHtml.capLabel.getHeight() - 2,
                                BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
                        bufImg.getGraphics().drawImage(m, 0, 0,
                                PearlInputHtml.capLabel.getWidth() - 2,
                                PearlInputHtml.capLabel.getHeight() - 2, null);
                        PearlInputHtml.capimgUrlField.setText(desFileName);
                        try {
                            m = ImageIO.read(fileTmp);
                            if (m != null) {
                                PearlInputHtml.capLabel.setIcon(new ImageIcon(bufImg));
                            } else {
                            }
                        } catch (IOException e1) {
                            e1.printStackTrace();
                        }
                        
                        
                    } catch (IOException e1) {
                        e1.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    mediaPlayerCurrent.start();
                }
            });
            controlPanel.add(BorderLayout.CENTER, capture);
            JButton playStop = new JButton("stop");
            // add(BorderLayout.SOUTH,playControl);
            playStop.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
                // @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
                    mediaPlayerCurrent.stop();
                }
            });
            controlPanel.add(BorderLayout.EAST, playStop);
            JButton playStart = new JButton("start");
            // add(BorderLayout.SOUTH,playControl);
            playStart.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {

                // @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
                    // mediaPlayerCurrent.stop();
                    if (mediaPlayerCurrent.getState() != mediaPlayerCurrent.Started) {
                        mediaPlayerCurrent.start();
                    }
                }
            });
            controlPanel.add(BorderLayout.WEST, playStart);
            addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
                // @Override
                public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                    mediaPlayerCurrent.close();
                    dataSource.disconnect();
                    System.out.println("exit.....");
                    this.windowClosed(e);
                    //System.exit(0);
                }
            });
        }

        public static boolean hasAlpha(Image image) {
            // If buffered image, the color model is readily available
            if (image instanceof BufferedImage) {
                BufferedImage bimage = (BufferedImage) image;
                return bimage.getColorModel().hasAlpha();
            }
            // Use a pixel grabber to retrieve the image's color model;
            // grabbing a single pixel is usually sufficient
            PixelGrabber pg = new PixelGrabber(image, 0, 0, 1, 1, false);
            try {
                pg.grabPixels();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            }

            // Get the image's color model
            ColorModel cm = pg.getColorModel();
            return cm.hasAlpha();
        }

        public static BufferedImage toBufferedImage(Image image) {
            if (image instanceof BufferedImage) {
                return (BufferedImage) image;
            }

            // This code ensures that all the pixels in the image are loaded
            image = new ImageIcon(image).getImage();

            // Determine if the image has transparent pixels; for this method's
            // implementation, see e661 Determining If an Image Has Transparent
            // Pixels
            boolean hasAlpha = hasAlpha(image);

            // Create a buffered image with a format that's compatible with the
            // screen
            BufferedImage bimage = null;
            GraphicsEnvironment ge = GraphicsEnvironment
                    .getLocalGraphicsEnvironment();
            try {
                // Determine the type of transparency of the new buffered image
                int transparency = Transparency.OPAQUE;
                if (hasAlpha) {
                    transparency = Transparency.BITMASK;
                }

                // Create the buffered image
                GraphicsDevice gs = ge.getDefaultScreenDevice();
                GraphicsConfiguration gc = gs.getDefaultConfiguration();
                bimage = gc.createCompatibleImage(image.getWidth(null), image
                        .getHeight(null), transparency);
            } catch (HeadlessException e) {
                // The system does not have a screen
                System.err.println("The system does not have a screen!");
                System.exit(-1);
            }

            if (bimage == null) {
                // Create a buffered image using the default color model
                int type = BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB;
                if (hasAlpha) {
                    type = BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB;
                }
                bimage = new BufferedImage(image.getWidth(null), image
                        .getHeight(null), type);
            }

            // Copy image to buffered image
            Graphics g = bimage.createGraphics();

            // Paint the image onto the buffered image
            g.drawImage(image, 0, 0, null);
            g.dispose();

            return bimage;
        }

        public MediaLocator autoDetect() {// 自动识别功能函数
            MediaLocator ml = null; // 视频采集设备对应的MediaLocator
            VideoFormat currentFormat = null;// 用户定制获得视频采集设备支持的格式
            Format setFormat = null;// 用户定制视频采集设备输出的格式
            Format[] videoFormats = null;// 视频采集设备支持的所有格式
            System.out.println(" AutoDetect for VFW");// VFW:微软的 Video for Windows
            // 获得当前所有设备列表
            Vector deviceList = CaptureDeviceManager.getDeviceList(null);
            CaptureDeviceInfo device = CaptureDeviceManager.getDevice(url);
            if (deviceList != null) {
                // 根据设备列表，找出可用设备名称
                for (int i = 0; i < deviceList.size(); i++) {
                    try {
                        CaptureDeviceInfo di = (CaptureDeviceInfo) deviceList
                                .elementAt(i);
                        // 如果设备名称以vfw开头
                        if (di.getName().startsWith("vfw:")) {
                            // 获得所有支持RGB格式
                            videoFormats = di.getFormats();
                            for (int j = 0; j < videoFormats.length; j++) {
                                // 我们只需要第一种RGB格式
                                if (videoFormats[j] instanceof RGBFormat) {
                                    currentFormat = (RGBFormat) videoFormats[i];
                                    break;
                                }
                            }
                            if (currentFormat == null) {
                                System.err.println("Search For RGBFormat Failed");
                                System.exit(-1);
                            }
                            // 通过设备，获得MediaLocator，这个很重要
                            ml = di.getLocator();
                        }
                    } catch (Exception npe) {
                        System.err.println("Unable to get Processor for device");
                        System.exit(-1);
                    }
                }
            } else {
                System.err.println("No Capture Device OK");
                System.exit(-1);
            }
            mediaLocator = ml;
            return ml;// 返回可用的设备medialocator
        }

        public static void main(String[] args) throws NoPlayerException,
                IOException {
            Capture demo = new Capture();
            demo.setSize(100, 100);
            demo.autoDetect();
            demo.init();
            demo.play();
            demo.setVisible(true);
        }
    }