650 2 Keys Keyboard

本文探讨了在记事本上通过复制和粘贴操作,将初始字符'A'增加到目标数量n所需的最少步骤。使用了宽度优先搜索(BFS)和动态规划(DP)结合数论的方法解决此问题,提供了两种算法的实现代码,并总结了LeetCode题目的解答要点。


标签:dp,数论

题目

Initially on a notepad only one character ‘A’ is present. You can perform two operations on this notepad for each step:

  1. Copy All: You can copy all the characters present on the notepad (partial copy is not allowed).
  2. Paste: You can paste the characters which are copied last time.

Given a number n. You have to get exactly n ‘A’ on the notepad by performing the minimum number of steps permitted. Output the minimum number of steps to get n ‘A’.

Example 1:

Input: 3
Output: 3
Explanation:
Intitally, we have one character 'A'.
In step 1, we use Copy All operation.
In step 2, we use Paste operation to get 'AA'.
In step 3, we use Paste operation to get 'AAA'.

Note:

  1. The n will be in the range [1, 1000].

bfs思路 TLE

求最小步数,明显可以用bfs做,但是会TLE

bfs code TLE

class S TLEolution {
public:
    int minSteps(int n) {
        vector<vector<int>> q(0,vector<int>(3));
        vector<int> tmp({1, 0, 0});
        q.push_back(tmp);

        while (!q.empty()){
            tmp = q.front();
            if(tmp[0] == n) return tmp[2];
            q.erase(begin(q));
            vector<int> cur(3);
            cur[0]= tmp[0]+ tmp[1];
            cur[1]= tmp[1];
            cur[2]= tmp[2] + 1;
            if(cur[0] == n) return cur[2];

            q.push_back(cur);

            cur[0] = tmp[0];
            cur[1] = tmp[0];
            cur[2] = tmp[2] + 1;

            q.push_back(cur);

        }
        return -1;
    }
};

数论DP 思路

  1. if n % 2 == 0, then f(n) = f(n/2) + 2
  2. if n % 3 == 0, then f(n) = f(n/3) + 3

数轮DP Code

class Solution {
public:
    int minSteps(int n) {
        vector<int> dp(n+1);
        dp[0] = 0;
        dp[1] = 0;
        for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
            for(int j=i-1; j>=1; j--){
                if( i % j == 0){
                    dp[i] = dp[j] + i / j;
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        return dp[n];
    }
};

小结

leetcode题目一定要有返回值,否则会报错 contril reach end of non-void

评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值