SpringMVC+Mybatis整合实例及功能分析

最新推荐文章于 2022-06-09 22:21:34 发布

lishengko

最新推荐文章于 2022-06-09 22:21:34 发布

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分类专栏： SprigMVC+Mybatis 文章标签： SpringMVC Mybatis JavaWeb整合实

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本文介绍SpringMVC框架的应用与MyBatis数据库框架的配置方法，详细讲解了项目结构、配置文件、控制器、服务层、数据库访问层等内容，并提供了一个具体的用户管理模块示例。

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SpringMVC：Java B/S项目的MVC框架，替换JavaWeb开发的servlet，filter，listener。
Mybatis：Java ORM关系框架亦可理解为数据库框架，替换JDBC完成数据库交互，将数据库和程序连接起来。
传统JavaWeb端开发servlet写后台，每个servlet都得单独配置，且常用的功能均无封装，项目结构不易控制，开发效率低，无统一标准，项目更新维护很困难。
Java访问数据库底层是用JDBC，但完成一次数据读取，需要connection打开数据库，datareader数据库读取，command数据库操作，提交，释放资源，非常繁琐。
所有程序的框架都是依赖于该语言所制定的标准发展出来的，目的是为了提升程序的开发效率，而不是执行效率。
该项目是maven项目，maven可以理解为控制项目结构的脚步语言，通过它可以很方便的对项目结构进行扩展更改。
项目结构图
controller 控制器，mapper 数据库访问层，entity　实体层，service 中间控制层

web.xml　　JavaWeb项目核心配置文件，配置项目的整体结构及规则。该文件中配置请求规则，错误界面，项目主页等。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:jsp="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/jsp" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
  <!-- 静态资源不需要编译解析将其交给服务器默认处理，SpringMVC也可处理静态资源，相关缓存设置，但服务器容器（Tomcat或其他）已有相关功能，无需画蛇添足。 -->
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.jpg</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.pdf</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.docx</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.xlsx</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.png</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.gif</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.psd</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.js</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.css</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.swf</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.otf</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.eot</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.svg</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.ttf</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.woff</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.woff2</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <!-- 当程序异常时会根据错误类型直接跳到已配置好的错误界面 -->
  <!-- 404错误界面 -->
  <error-page>
    <error-code>404</error-code>
    <location>/404.html</location>
  </error-page>
  <!-- 500错误界面 -->
  <error-page>
    <error-code>500</error-code>
    <location>/500.html</location>
  </error-page>
  <!-- 项目名称 -->
  <display-name>springmvc</display-name>
  <!-- 项目主页  对应webAPP根目录 -->
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  <!-- SpringMVC配置  项目的servlet，listener均改为SpringMVC控制 -->
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  <!-- 加载配置文件  resources目录下所有已xml结尾的文件 -->
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:*.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>
            org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
    </servlet-class>
    <!-- SpringMVC配置文件 -->   
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

jdbc-context.xml 数据库配置文件（SpringMVC已对Mybatis进行了封装，简单的几行代码就能完成对数据库的配置）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" 
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd 
            ">

    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" />

    <!-- Enable annotation style of managing transactions -->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />

    <!-- Declare a datasource that has pooling capabilities -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"
        destroy-method="close" p:driverClass="${app.jdbc.driverClassName}"
        p:jdbcUrl="${app.jdbc.url}" p:user="${app.jdbc.username}" p:password="${app.jdbc.password}"
        p:acquireIncrement="10" p:idleConnectionTestPeriod="60" p:maxPoolSize="100"
        p:maxStatements="100" />

    <!-- Declare a transaction manager -->
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"
        p:dataSource-ref="dataSource" />

    <!-- define the SqlSessionFactory, notice that configLocation is not needed when you use MapperFactoryBean -->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <!-- mybatisORM关系映射更多配置，若有需求在自行配置 <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:sqlmap-config.xml" /> -->
    </bean>

    <!-- scan for mappers and let them be autowired -->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="basePackage" value="mapper" />
    </bean>

    <!-- mapper,多表插入事务回滚,一般与service配合    --> 
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="query*" read-only="true" propagation="REQUIRED" />
            <tx:method name="quert*" read-only="true" propagation="REQUIRED" />
            <tx:method name="page*" read-only="true" propagation="REQUIRED" />
            <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true" propagation="REQUIRED" />
            <tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="READ_COMMITTED" />
            <tx:method name="set*" propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="READ_COMMITTED" />
            <tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="READ_COMMITTED" />
            <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="READ_COMMITTED" />
            <tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="READ_COMMITTED" />
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

    <aop:config>  
        <aop:pointcut id="allManagerMethod"  
            expression="execution(* service.*.*(..))" />  
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice"  
            pointcut-ref="allManagerMethod" />  
    </aop:config> 

</beans>

spring-mvc.xml　　SpringMVC配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans  
    xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"  
    xmlns:websocket="http://www.springframework.org/schema/websocket"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"    
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd   
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx   
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/websocket http://www.springframework.org/schema/websocket/spring-websocket.xsd
    "> 

    <!-- 自动扫描的包名 --> 
    <context:component-scan base-package="controller" />

    <!-- 视图解释类 -->  
    <bean id="viewResolver"
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.UrlBasedViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass"
            value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 开启注解 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />

    <context:annotation-config />  

    <!--  SpringMVC 静态资源处理，不推荐如此配置。静态资源不需要编译解析，交给服务器自动解析就好，Tomcat服务器自带缓存结构，会自动缓存静态资源文件
    <mvc:resources mapping="/html/**" location="/html/" cache-period="31556926"/>  
    <mvc:resources mapping="/images/**" location="/images/" cache-period="31556926"/>  
    <mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/js/" cache-period="31556926"/>  
    <mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/css/" cache-period="31556926"/>
    -->

    <!-- SpringMVC上传文件时，需要配置MultipartResolver处理器 -->  
    <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">  
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>  
        <!-- 指定所上传文件的总大小不能超过200KB。注意maxUploadSize属性的限制不是针对单个文件，而是所有文件的容量之和 -->  
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="200000"/>  
    </bean>  

    <!-- SpringMVC在超出上传文件限制时，会抛出org.springframework.web.multipart.MaxUploadSizeExceededException -->  
    <!-- 该异常是SpringMVC在检查上传的文件信息时抛出来的，而且此时还没有进入到Controller方法中 -->  
    <bean id="exceptionResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">  
        <property name="exceptionMappings">  
            <props>  
                <!-- 遇到MaxUploadSizeExceededException异常时，自动跳转到/WEB-INF/jsp/error_fileupload.jsp页面 -->  
                <prop key="org.springframework.web.multipart.MaxUploadSizeExceededException">error_fileupload</prop>  
            </props>  
        </property>  
    </bean>  

</beans>

Spring.xml　　@Service配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd">


    <!--自动扫描含有@Service将其注入为bean -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="service" />

</beans>

sqlmap-config.xml　　MybatisORM实体配置（Mybatis单独配置文件，本项目中有没有此文件不影响项目运行）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
    PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
    "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">

<configuration>
    <settings>
        <!-- changes from the defaults -->
        <setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="false" />
    </settings>
    <typeAliases>
        <typeAlias type="entity.User" alias="user"/>
    </typeAliases>
</configuration>

UserContoller:

package controller;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import entity.User;
import mapper.UserMapper;

@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "/user")
public class UserController {

    private UserMapper userMapper;

    @Autowired
    public void setMapper(UserMapper userMapper) {
        this.userMapper = userMapper;
    }

    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String showForm(ModelMap model) {
        List<User> users = userMapper.getAllUser();
        model.addAttribute("users", users);
        return "list";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/add")
    public String add(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,Model model) {
        String userName = request.getParameter("userName");
        String password = request.getParameter("password");
        User user = new User();
        user.setId(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
        user.setUserName(userName);
        user.setPassword(password);
        userMapper.addUser(user);
        List<User> list = userMapper.getAllUser();
        model.addAttribute("users",list);
        return "list";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/detail")
    public String detail(Model model, HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {
        String id = request.getParameter("id");
        User user = userMapper.getUserById(id);
        model.addAttribute("user", user);
        return "detail";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/delete")
    public String delete(Model model, HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {
        String id = request.getParameter("id");
        userMapper.deleteById(id);
        List<User> list = userMapper.getAllUser();
        model.addAttribute("users", list);
        return "list";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/toupdate")
    public String toUpdate(Model model, HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {
        String id = request.getParameter("id");
        User user = userMapper.getUserById(id);
        model.addAttribute("user", user);
        return "update";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/update")
    public ModelAndView update(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {
        String id = request.getParameter("sid");
        String userName = request.getParameter("userName");
        String password = request.getParameter("password");
        User user = new User();
        user.setId(id);
        user.setUserName(userName);
        user.setPassword(password);
        userMapper.update(user);
        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("list");
        List<User> list = userMapper.getAllUser();
        mv.addObject("users", list);
        return mv;
    }
}

UserServiceImp

package service;

import java.util.List;

import mapper.UserMapper;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import entity.User;

@Service("hotelService")
public class UserServiceImp implements UserService{
    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;

    public List<User> list(){
        return userMapper.getAllUser();
    }

    //批量操作，多表操作等复杂逻辑可以封装到此层中，再配合数据库配置，可完成数据异常回滚等操作
    public int update(User user) {
        user.setUserName("1");
        userMapper.update(user);
        //password超长错误   若配置了回滚，上行代码对数据库的操作便不生效，username仍是原来的值而不是1
        user.setPassword("1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111");
        userMapper.update(user);
        return 0;
    }

}

service层可根据项目需求是否添加，若某些业务逻辑涉及到多表的联动，为保证数据的准确性，可以在该层封装，在配合Mybatis配置文件即可完成数据库的事务回滚

<!-- mapper,多表插入事务回滚,一般与service配合    --> 
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="query*" read-only="true" propagation="REQUIRED" />
            <tx:method name="quert*" read-only="true" propagation="REQUIRED" />
            <tx:method name="page*" read-only="true" propagation="REQUIRED" />
            <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true" propagation="REQUIRED" />
            <tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="READ_COMMITTED" />
            <tx:method name="set*" propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="READ_COMMITTED" />
            <tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="READ_COMMITTED" />
            <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="READ_COMMITTED" />
            <tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="READ_COMMITTED" />
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

    <aop:config>  
        <aop:pointcut id="allManagerMethod"  
            expression="execution(* service.*.*(..))" />  
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice"  
            pointcut-ref="allManagerMethod" />  
    </aop:config>

其他的代码就不贴了，实例中有也有MySQL的配置。
项目中ojdbc14这个包因为版权问题，无法从maven官网直接下载，需另行下载放到lib文件夹下或通过maven命令加载到本地仓储中

mvn install:install-file -DgroupId=com.oracle -DartifactId=ojdbc14 -Dversion=10.2.0.3.0 -Dpackaging=jar -Dfile=d:\ojdbc14-10.2.0.3.0.jar

项目下载地址：
http://download.youkuaiyun.com/detail/lishengko/9759013