ftp断点续传的原理
客户端的实现步骤如下:
一、下载:
1、向服务器发送“REST + 本地文件长度”命令,告诉服务器,客户端要断点下载了。这时服务器还不知道客户端要下载哪个文件;
2、向服务器发送“RETR + 文件名”命令,通知服务器要下载的文件名,这时服务器开始定位文件指针读文件并发送数据。
3、客户端定位本地文件指针(文件末尾);
4、两端的准备工作都做完了以后,客户端创建socket,以被动或非被动方式建立数据通道,循环调用recv接收数据并追加入本地文件;
二、上传:
1、获取服务器上和本地要上传文件的同名文件大小;
2、向服务器发送“APPE + 文件名”,通知服务器,接下来从数据通道发送给你的数据要附加到这个文件末尾。
3、定位本地文件指针(和FTP上文件大小相同的位置)
4、从文件指针处读数据并发送。
代码里将断点上传和断点下载放到同一个函数(MoveFile)里,通过get参数说明是上传还是下载。当然,整个FTP类的实现有800多行,包括登录、退出、获取FTP文件大小、删除FTP服务器上文件、响应服务器,解析响应信息等函数。相应的注释代码里都有,这里就不一一熬述了。
HTTP断点续传的原理http://www.it.com.cn/f/edu/058/17/159759.htm请求服务器上的一个文时,所发出的请求如下:
假设服务器域名为wwww.name.org,文件名为name.zip。
GET /name.zip HTTP/1.1
Accept: image/gif, image/x-xbitmap, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, application/vnd.ms-
excel, application/msword, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, */*
Accept-Language: zh-cn
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.01; Windows NT 5.0)
Connection: Keep-Alive
服务器收到请求后,按要求寻找请求的文件,提取文件的信息,然后返回给浏览器,返回信息如下:
200
Content-Length=106786028
Accept-Ranges=bytes
Date=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:56:11 GMT
ETag=W/"02ca57e173c11:95b"
Content-Type=application/octet-stream
Server=Microsoft-IIS/5.0
Last-Modified=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:56:11 GMT
所谓断点续传,也就是要从文件已经下载的地方开始继续下载。所以在客户端浏览器传给
Web服务器的时候要多加一条信息--从哪里开始。
下面是用自己编的一个"浏览器"来传递请求信息给Web服务器,要求从2000070字节开始。
GET /gman.zip HTTP/1.0
User-Agent: NetFox
RANGE: bytes=2000070-
Accept: text/html, image/gif, image/jpeg, *; q=.2, */*; q=.2
仔细看一下就会发现多了一行RANGE: bytes=2000070-
这一行的意思就是告诉服务器gman.zip这个文件从2000070字节开始传,前面的字节不用传了。
服务器收到这个请求以后,返回的信息如下:
206
Content-Length=106786028
Content-Range=bytes 2000070-106786027/106786028
Date=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:55:20 GMT
ETag=W/"02ca57e173c11:95b"
Content-Type=application/octet-stream
Server=Microsoft-IIS/5.0
Last-Modified=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:55:20 GMT
和前面服务器返回的信息比较一下,就会发现增加了一行:
Content-Range=bytes 2000070-106786027/106786028
返回的代码也改为206了,而不再是200了。
http断点续传内核的实现:
主要用了6个类,包括一个测试类。
SiteFileFetch.java负责整个文件的抓取,控制内部线程(FileSplitterFetch类)。
FileSplitterFetch.java负责部分文件的抓取。
FileAccess.java负责文件的存储。
SiteInfoBean.java要抓取的文件的信息,如文件保存的目录,名字,抓取文件的URL等。
Utility.java工具类,放一些简单的方法。
TestMethod.java测试类。
- /*
- **SiteFileFetch.java
- */
- package NetFox;
- import java.io.*;
- import java.net.*;
- public class SiteFileFetch extends Thread {
- SiteInfoBean siteInfoBean = null; //文件信息Bean
- long[] nStartPos; //开始位置
- long[] nEndPos; //结束位置
- FileSplitterFetch[] fileSplitterFetch; //子线程对象
- long nFileLength; //文件长度
- boolean bFirst = true; //是否第一次取文件
- boolean bStop = false; //停止标志
- File tmpFile; //文件下载的临时信息
- DataOutputStream output; //输出到文件的输出流
- public SiteFileFetch(SiteInfoBean bean) throws IOException
- {
- siteInfoBean = bean;
- //tmpFile = File.createTempFile ("zhong","1111",new File(bean.getSFilePath()));
- tmpFile = new File(bean.getSFilePath()+File.separator + bean.getSFileName()+".info");
- if(tmpFile.exists ())
- {
- bFirst = false;
- read_nPos();
- }
- else
- {
- nStartPos = new long[bean.getNSplitter()];
- nEndPos = new long[bean.getNSplitter()];
- }
- }
- public void run()
- {
- //获得文件长度
- //分割文件
- //实例FileSplitterFetch
- //启动FileSplitterFetch线程
- //等待子线程返回
- try{
- if(bFirst)
- {
- nFileLength = getFileSize();
- if(nFileLength == -1)
- {
- System.err.println("File Length is not known!");
- }
- else if(nFileLength == -2)
- {
- System.err.println("File is not access!");
- }
- else
- {
- for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)
- {
- nStartPos[i] = (long)(i*(nFileLength/nStartPos.length));
- }
- for(int i=0;i<nEndPos.length-1;i++)
- {
- nEndPos[i] = nStartPos[i+1];
- }
- nEndPos[nEndPos.length-1] = nFileLength;
- }
- }
- //启动子线程
- fileSplitterFetch = new FileSplitterFetch[nStartPos.length];
- for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)
- {
- fileSplitterFetch[i] = new FileSplitterFetch(siteInfoBean.getSSiteURL(),
- siteInfoBean.getSFilePath() + File.separator + siteInfoBean.getSFileName(),
- nStartPos[i],nEndPos[i],i);
- Utility.log("Thread " + i + " , nStartPos = " + nStartPos[i] + ", nEndPos = " + nEndPos[i]);
- fileSplitterFetch[i].start();
- }
- // fileSplitterFetch[nPos.length-1] = new FileSplitterFetch(siteInfoBean.getSSiteURL(),
- siteInfoBean.getSFilePath() + File.separator + siteInfoBean.getSFileName(),nPos[nPos.length-1],nFileLength,nPos.length-1);
- // Utility.log("Thread " + (nPos.length-1) + " , nStartPos = " + nPos[nPos.length-1] + ",
- nEndPos = " + nFileLength);
- // fileSplitterFetch[nPos.length-1].start();
- //等待子线程结束
- //int count = 0;
- //是否结束while循环
- boolean breakWhile = false;
- while(!bStop)
- {
- write_nPos();
- Utility.sleep(500);
- breakWhile = true;
- for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)
- {
- if(!fileSplitterFetch[i].bDownOver)
- {
- breakWhile = false;
- break;
- }
- }
- if(breakWhile)
- break;
- //count++;
- //if(count>4)
- // siteStop();
- }
- System.err.println("文件下载结束!");
- }
- catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}
- }
- //获得文件长度
- public long getFileSize()
- {
- int nFileLength = -1;
- try{
- URL url = new URL(siteInfoBean.getSSiteURL());
- HttpURLConnection httpConnection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection ();
- httpConnection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent","NetFox");
- int responseCode=httpConnection.getResponseCode();
- if(responseCode>=400)
- {
- processErrorCode(responseCode);
- return -2; //-2 represent access is error
- }
- String sHeader;
- for(int i=1;;i++)
- {
- //DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(httpConnection.getInputStream ());
- //Utility.log(in.readLine());
- sHeader=httpConnection.getHeaderFieldKey(i);
- if(sHeader!=null)
- {
- if(sHeader.equals("Content-Length"))
- {
- nFileLength = Integer.parseInt(httpConnection.getHeaderField(sHeader));
- break;
- }
- }
- else
- break;
- }
- }
- catch(IOException e){e.printStackTrace ();}
- catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}
- Utility.log(nFileLength);
- return nFileLength;
- }
- //保存下载信息(文件指针位置)
- private void write_nPos()
- {
- try{
- output = new DataOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(tmpFile));
- output.writeInt(nStartPos.length);
- for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)
- {
- // output.writeLong(nPos[i]);
- output.writeLong(fileSplitterFetch[i].nStartPos);
- output.writeLong(fileSplitterFetch[i].nEndPos);
- }
- output.close();
- }
- catch(IOException e){e.printStackTrace ();}
- catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}
- }
- //读取保存的下载信息(文件指针位置)
- private void read_nPos()
- {
- try{
- DataInputStream input = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(tmpFile));
- int nCount = input.readInt();
- nStartPos = new long[nCount];
- nEndPos = new long[nCount];
- for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)
- {
- nStartPos[i] = input.readLong();
- nEndPos[i] = input.readLong();
- }
- input.close();
- }
- catch(IOException e){e.printStackTrace ();}
- catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}
- }
- private void processErrorCode(int nErrorCode)
- {
- System.err.println("Error Code : " + nErrorCode);
- }
- //停止文件下载
- public void siteStop()
- {
- bStop = true;
- for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)
- fileSplitterFetch[i].splitterStop();
- }
- }
- /*
- **FileSplitterFetch.java
- */
- package NetFox;
- import java.io.*;
- import java.net.*;
- public class FileSplitterFetch extends Thread {
- String sURL; //File URL
- long nStartPos; //File Snippet Start Position
- long nEndPos; //File Snippet End Position
- int nThreadID; //Thread's ID
- boolean bDownOver = false; //Downing is over
- boolean bStop = false; //Stop identical
- FileAccessI fileAccessI = null; //File Access interface
- public FileSplitterFetch(String sURL,String sName,long nStart,long nEnd,int id) throws IOException
- {
- this.sURL = sURL;
- this.nStartPos = nStart;
- this.nEndPos = nEnd;
- nThreadID = id;
- fileAccessI = new FileAccessI(sName,nStartPos);
- }
- public void run()
- {
- while(nStartPos < nEndPos && !bStop)
- {
- try{
- URL url = new URL(sURL);
- HttpURLConnection httpConnection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection ();
- httpConnection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent","NetFox");
- String sProperty = "bytes="+nStartPos+"-";
- httpConnection.setRequestProperty("RANGE",sProperty);
- Utility.log(sProperty);
- InputStream input = httpConnection.getInputStream();
- //logResponseHead(httpConnection);
- byte[] b = new byte[1024];
- int nRead;
- while((nRead=input.read(b,0,1024)) > 0 && nStartPos < nEndPos && !bStop)
- {
- nStartPos += fileAccessI.write(b,0,nRead);
- //if(nThreadID == 1)
- // Utility.log("nStartPos = " + nStartPos + ", nEndPos = " + nEndPos);
- }
- Utility.log("Thread " + nThreadID + " is over!");
- bDownOver = true;
- //nPos = fileAccessI.write (b,0,nRead);
- }
- catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}
- }
- }
- //打印回应的头信息
- public void logResponseHead(HttpURLConnection con)
- {
- for(int i=1;;i++)
- {
- String header=con.getHeaderFieldKey(i);
- if(header!=null)
- //responseHeaders.put(header,httpConnection.getHeaderField(header));
- Utility.log(header+" : "+con.getHeaderField(header));
- else
- break;
- }
- }
- public void splitterStop()
- {
- bStop = true;
- }
- }
- /*
- **FileAccess.java
- */
- package NetFox;
- import java.io.*;
- public class FileAccessI implements Serializable{
- RandomAccessFile oSavedFile;
- long nPos;
- public FileAccessI() throws IOException
- {
- this("",0);
- }
- public FileAccessI(String sName,long nPos) throws IOException
- {
- oSavedFile = new RandomAccessFile(sName,"rw");
- this.nPos = nPos;
- oSavedFile.seek(nPos);
- }
- public synchronized int write(byte[] b,int nStart,int nLen)
- {
- int n = -1;
- try{
- oSavedFile.write(b,nStart,nLen);
- n = nLen;
- }
- catch(IOException e)
- {
- e.printStackTrace ();
- }
- return n;
- }
- }
- /*
- **SiteInfoBean.java
- */
- package NetFox;
- public class SiteInfoBean {
- private String sSiteURL; //Site's URL
- private String sFilePath; //Saved File's Path
- private String sFileName; //Saved File's Name
- private int nSplitter; //Count of Splited Downloading File
- public SiteInfoBean()
- {
- //default value of nSplitter is 5
- this("","","",5);
- }
- public SiteInfoBean(String sURL,String sPath,String sName,int nSpiltter)
- {
- sSiteURL= sURL;
- sFilePath = sPath;
- sFileName = sName;
- this.nSplitter = nSpiltter;
- }
- public String getSSiteURL()
- {
- return sSiteURL;
- }
- public void setSSiteURL(String value)
- {
- sSiteURL = value;
- }
- public String getSFilePath()
- {
- return sFilePath;
- }
- public void setSFilePath(String value)
- {
- sFilePath = value;
- }
- public String getSFileName()
- {
- return sFileName;
- }
- public void setSFileName(String value)
- {
- sFileName = value;
- }
- public int getNSplitter()
- {
- return nSplitter;
- }
- public void setNSplitter(int nCount)
- {
- nSplitter = nCount;
- }
- }
- /*
- **Utility.java
- */
- package NetFox;
- public class Utility {
- public Utility()
- {
- }
- public static void sleep(int nSecond)
- {
- try{
- Thread.sleep(nSecond);
- }
- catch(Exception e)
- {
- e.printStackTrace ();
- }
- }
- public static void log(String sMsg)
- {
- System.err.println(sMsg);
- }
- public static void log(int sMsg)
- {
- System.err.println(sMsg);
- }
- }
- /*
- **TestMethod.java
- */
- package NetFox;
- public class TestMethod {
- public TestMethod()
- { ///xx/weblogic60b2_win.exe
- try{
- SiteInfoBean bean = new SiteInfoBean("http://localhost/xx/weblogic60b2_win.exe","L://temp","weblogic60b2_win.exe",5);
- //SiteInfoBean bean = new SiteInfoBean("http://localhost:8080/down.zip","L://temp","weblogic60b2_win.exe",5);
- SiteFileFetch fileFetch = new SiteFileFetch(bean);
- fileFetch.start();
- }
- catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}
- }
- public static void main(String[] args)
- {
- new TestMethod();
- }
- }