python安装pyqt5失败

记录

PyQt5不支持3.10及以上版本，pip install PyQt5时报错raise PyProjectOptionException('qmake'

详细错误信息如下：

$ pip install PyQt5
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
Collecting pyqt5
  Using cached https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/packages/0e/07/c9ed0bd428df6f87183fca565a79fee19fa7c88c7f00a7f011ab4379e77a/PyQt5-5.15.11.tar.gz (3.2 MB)
  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
  Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error
  
  × Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [22 lines of output]
      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "/Users/cxl/miniconda3/envs/electric/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 353, in <module>
          main()
        File "/Users/cxl/miniconda3/envs/electric/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 335, in main
          json_out['return_val'] = hook(**hook_input['kwargs'])
        File "/Users/cxl/miniconda3/envs/electric/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 152, in prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel
          whl_basename = backend.build_wheel(metadata_directory, config_settings)
        File "/private/var/folders/gr/hnn1l2tx3j72z7z55kvb1grc0000gn/T/pip-build-env-j1_cc5sj/overlay/lib/python3.10/site-packages/sipbuild/api.py", line 28, in build_wheel
          project = AbstractProject.bootstrap('wheel',
        File "/private/var/folders/gr/hnn1l2tx3j72z7z55kvb1grc0000gn/T/pip-build-env-j1_cc5sj/overlay/lib/python3.10/site-packages/sipbuild/abstract_project.py", line 74, in bootstrap
          project.setup(pyproject, tool, tool_description)
        File "/private/var/folders/gr/hnn1l2tx3j72z7z55kvb1grc0000gn/T/pip-build-env-j1_cc5sj/overlay/lib/python3.10/site-packages/sipbuild/project.py", line 629, in setup
          self.apply_user_defaults(tool)
        File "/private/var/folders/gr/hnn1l2tx3j72z7z55kvb1grc0000gn/T/pip-install-10zkdsh1/pyqt5_c986719249034652ab06a8fe73c1e785/project.py", line 68, in apply_user_defaults
          super().apply_user_defaults(tool)
        File "/private/var/folders/gr/hnn1l2tx3j72z7z55kvb1grc0000gn/T/pip-build-env-j1_cc5sj/overlay/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pyqtbuild/project.py", line 51, in apply_user_defaults
          super().apply_user_defaults(tool)
        File "/private/var/folders/gr/hnn1l2tx3j72z7z55kvb1grc0000gn/T/pip-build-env-j1_cc5sj/overlay/lib/python3.10/site-packages/sipbuild/project.py", line 243, in apply_user_defaults
          self.builder.apply_user_defaults(tool)
        File "/private/var/folders/gr/hnn1l2tx3j72z7z55kvb1grc0000gn/T/pip-build-env-j1_cc5sj/overlay/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pyqtbuild/builder.py", line 49, in apply_user_defaults
          raise PyProjectOptionException('qmake',
      sipbuild.pyproject.PyProjectOptionException
      [end of output]
  
  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.

[notice] A new release of pip is available: 24.3.1 -> 25.1.1
[notice] To update, run: pip install --upgrade pip
error: metadata-generation-failed

× Encountered error while generating package metadata.
╰─> See above for output.

note: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.
hint: See above for details.

解决方式：

指定这个版本，安装成功

pip install PyQt5==5.15.5