常规的Web应用和通常的Ajax应用都要满足“请求--响应”模型。在反向Ajax模型中,服务器的Java方法可以“直接修改”浏览器里的Web页面,改变Web页面中组件的状态,服务器可以主动将最新的信息发送给浏览器。。
使用反向Ajax,要修改两个地方来启动反向Ajax:
-
修改web.xml文件中的DwrServlet的配置,指定启动反向Ajax
-
修改HTML页面代码,指定该页面启动反向Ajax技术
先修改web.xml文件,在DWR核心Servlet中加一个属性pollAndComeEnabled = true
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dwr-invoker</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.directwebremoting.servlet.DwrServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>debug</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- 启动反向Ajax -->
<init-param>
<param-name>pollAndCometEnabled</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dwr-invoker</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/dwr/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
Java处理类
package com.lbx.dwr;
import java.util.Collection;
import org.directwebremoting.ScriptSession;
import org.directwebremoting.WebContext;
import org.directwebremoting.WebContextFactory;
import org.directwebremoting.proxy.dwr.Util;
public class DWRHelper {
public void addMessage(String text) {
System.out.println("客户端传来:" + text);
WebContext wctx = WebContextFactory.get();
String currentPage = wctx.getCurrentPage();
System.out.println("currentPage:" + currentPage);
// 通过scriptsession调用js函数,操作dom。就像我们给sessson中放置内容一样轻松。
// 获得正在交互的浏览器上下文:ScriptSession,再得到工具Util
Util utilThis = new Util(wctx.getScriptSession());
utilThis.setValue("text", ""); // 操作客户端DOM模型!
utilThis.addFunctionCall("ggg", "服务器数据!"); // 执行客户端的函数!
// 获得正在访问chat.jsp所有的浏览器客户端.在服务器端直接调用操作所有客户端内容
Collection<ScriptSession> sessions = wctx
.getScriptSessionsByPage(currentPage);
// 用户每点一次刷新就会生成新的scriptsession对象。
// 所以,为了有效管理scriptsession,我们专门维护一个map.
for (ScriptSession object : sessions) {
System.out.println("ScriptSessionID:" + object.getId());
}
Util utilAll = new Util(sessions);
// 调用一个客户端的js函数!
utilAll.addFunctionCall("addChatMsg", text);
}
}
dwr.xml文件的配置
<!DOCTYPE dwr PUBLIC "-//GetAhead Limited//DTD Direct Web Remoting 2.0//EN" "http://getahead.org/dwr/dwr20.dtd"> <dwr> <allow> <create creator="new" javascript="DWRHelper"> <param name="class" value="com.lbx.dwr.DWRHelper"/> </create> <!-- <create creator="new" javascript="Demo"> <param name="class" value="com.cssxt.dwr.MyTestDwr"/> </create> <convert match="com.cssxt.dwr.Person" converter="bean"></convert> javabean的转化 --> </allow> </dwr>客户端JSP代码
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="gbk"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<script type='text/javascript' src='dwr/util.js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='dwr/engine.js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='dwr/interface/DWRHelper.js'></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
function sendMessage() {
DWRHelper.addMessage($("text").value);
}
function addChatMsg(msg){
var d2 = document.createElement("div");
d2.innerHTML=msg;
$("div1").appendChild(d2);
}
function ggg(g){
alert("ggg:"+g);
}
</script>
</head>
<body onload="dwr.engine.setActiveReverseAjax(true);">
聊天记录:
<div id="div1">
</div>
我说:
<input id="text" />
<input type="button" value="Send" onclick="sendMessage()" />
</p>
<hr />
</body>
</html>