如果想成为真正的Oracle专家,最好把Programmer和DBA的东西都学好,学透彻。
单从知识本身大概需要1年学习期,但是需要2年左右的具体实践,才能真正融会贯通,培养一个真正的专家至少3年。 在学习Oracle的时候一定要有计划,有耐心,多实践。
Programmer and DBA Basic knowledge (2 weeks):
- Basic SQL commands
- SQL*Plus commands
Programmer (2 months,but needs at least 1 year practice to be an expert):
- Complex SQL commands, mainly the complex select statement, joins, sub-query, …
- Oracle build-in functions, such as substr, trim, sysdate, to_char, to_date, .nvl, decode, …
- Oracle PL/SQL (block, function, procedure, package, trigger, type)
- Oracle build-in packages, such as dbms_output, dbms_stat, ….
DBA:
1. Foundation (Level 1) (1 months study, but needs at least 1 year practice to be an expert):
- Install, uninstall, upgrade, patch Oracle software
- Create Oracle Instance/Database
- Configure the network files: LISENTER.ora, TNSNAMES.ora
- Startup/shutdown Oracle Instance (Include password file)
- Maintain Oracle important files (Control file, log file, data file, temp file)
- Maintain Oracle storage (tablespace, segment, extent, block)
- Understand Oracle Overall Architecture
2. Entrance (Level 2) (2 months, but at least 1 year practice)
- Maintain Oracle Schema/User/Role/Privilege/Profile
- Maintain/Monitor objects inside the schema (table, column, constraint, index, view, sequence, synonym, table partition, index partition, cluster), and know how to query them in the user_*, all_*, dba_* dictionary.
3. Daily and Key Tasks (Level 3) (3 months study, but at least 2 years practice)
- Monitor Oracle Instance by v$ views. Such as session info, client info, process, transaction, sql/sql_plan, waiting events, lock, latch, session statistic, system statistic, …
- Monitor Oracle Instance by other tools or methods, such as sql_trace, tkprof, statspack, awr, ash, …
- Performance tuning (Understand how the optimizer works, Read explain plan, use oracle hint, analyze, dbms_stats, rewrite SQL, rewrite PL/SQL, Refactor design, Add hardware, Change configuation, SGA, PGA, parallel run,…)
- Database backup and recovery. (RMAN, imp/exp, sql loader…)
- Database error handling and trouble shooting.
4. High Level Topic (Level 4) ( 3 months study, but at least 1 year practice)
- HA
- RAC
- Data Guard
- Streams
- ...
作为一个专家,Level2和Level3 的内容是最有价值的,务必精通,但是它是需要其他知识为基础的。
至于Level4的内容,有环境和条件的话,最好也要熟练掌握。