[9i]英语中常见的后缀-常看前后缀有助于记单词

A suffix is a letter or a group of letters that is usually attached to the end of a word to form a new word, as well as alter the way it functions grammatically.

后缀一般都是附着于单词的尾部，形成一个新的单词。

Depending on whether it is a noun, verb, adjective or adverb, a different suffix would be required. For example, the verb read can be altered to become the noun reader by adding the suffix ­-er. The same verb can also be turned into the adjective readable by adding the suffix –able.

根据单词的词性不同，名次、动词、形容词或者副词，所需要附着的后缀也不同。

SUFFIX 后缀	MEANING 含义	EXAMPLE 例子
NOUN SUFFIXES 名词后缀
-acy	state or quality，状态或品质特性	democracy, accuracy, lunacy
-al	the action or process of，动作或过程	remedial, denial, trial, criminal
-ance, -ence	state or quality of，处于某状态或特性	nuisance, ambience, tolerance
-dom	place or state of being，位置或状态	freedom, stardom, boredom
-er, -or	person or object that does a specified action，某行业或做某事的人	reader, creator, interpreter, inventor, collaborator, teacher
-ism	doctrine, belief，学说或信仰、教派	Judaism, scepticism, escapism
-ist	person or object that does a specified action，...家，...者，...员	Geologist, protagonist, sexist, scientist, theorist, communist
-ity, -ty	quality of，处于某特性	extremity, validity, enormity
-ment	condition，条件，状态	enchantment, argument
-ness	state of being，处于某种状态	heaviness, highness, sickness
-ship	position held，处于某种关系	friendship, hardship, internship
-sion, -tion	state of being，处于某种状态	position, promotion, cohesion
VERB SUFFIXES 动词后缀
-ate	become，变成，使成为...	mediate, collaborate, create
-en	become，更加...	sharpen, strengthen, loosen
-ify, -fy	make or become，使成为...	justify, simplify, magnify, satisfy
-ise, -ize	become，变得	publicise, synthesise, hypnotise
ADJECTIVE SUFFIXES 形容词后缀
-able, -ible	capable of being，...能力	edible, fallible, incredible, audible
-al	having the form or character of，...形式或特征	fiscal, thermal, herbal, colonial
-esque	in a manner of or resembling，如...,似...	picturesque, burlesque, grotesque
-ful	notable for，...的	handful, playful, hopeful, skilful
-ic, -ical	having the form or character of，...形式或特征	psychological, hypocritical, methodical, nonsensical, musical
-ious, -ous	characterised by	pious, jealous, religious, ridiculous
-ish	having the quality of	squeamish, sheepish, childish
-ive	having the nature of	inquisitive, informative, attentive
-less	without	meaningless, hopeless, homeless
-y	characterised by	dainty, beauty, airy, jealousy
ADVERB SUFFIXES
-ly	related to or quality	softly, slowly, happily, crazily, madly
-ward, -wards	direction	towards, afterwards, backwards, inward
-wise	in relation to	otherwise, likewise, clockwise