ASP.NET WEBApi-优快云博客

本文介绍MVC4.0中的WebAPI特性，包括HTTP动词的使用场景及示例代码，如GET、POST、PUT和DELETE等。同时提供客户端调用WebAPI的多种方法。

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1.在MVC4.0中引入了WebAPI,纯Http通信，轻巧方便，也可以用webservice和wcf来开发，有点笨重，如果tcp和udp通信协议，走wcf

Get：一般用作查询，多次操作得到结果一致
Post：一般用于修改、添加多次重复操作得到结果不一致。
Put：一般用于修改，多次操作得到结果一致。
Delete：一般用于删除数据，多次操作得到结果一致。

public class ValuesController : ApiController
   {
       // GET api/values
       public IEnumerable<string> Get()
       {
           return new string[] { "value1", "value2" };
       }
 
       // GET api/values/5
       public string Get(int id)
       {
           return "value";
       }
 
       // POST api/values
       public void Post([FromBody]string value)
       {
       }
 
       // PUT api/values/5
       public void Put(int id, [FromBody]string value)
       {
       }
 
       // DELETE api/values/5
       public void Delete(int id)
       {
       }
   }

public class ValuesController : ApiController
   {
       // GET api/values
       public IEnumerable<string> Get()
       {
           return new string[] { "value1", "value2" };
       }
 
       // GET api/values/5
       public string Get(int id)
       {
           return "value";
       }
 
       // POST api/values
       public UserInfo Post([FromBody]UserInfo userinfo)
       {
           userinfo.Age += 1;
           userinfo.UserName += "哈哈哈";
           userinfo.Sex += "ss";
           return userinfo;
       }
 
       // PUT api/values/5
       public void Put(int id, [FromBody]string value)
       {
       }
 
       // DELETE api/values/5
       public void Delete(int id)
       {
       }
   }

客户端用ajax调用

<script>
        $(function () {
            $('#postUserInfo').click(function () {
 
                $.ajax({
                    type: "POST",
                    url: "/api/values",
                    data: {Age:12,UserName:"李根",Sex:"好好"},
                    success: function (data) {
                        alert(data.Age+"----"+data.UserName+"----"+data.Sex)
 
 
                    }
 
                  
                });
 
            });
 
 
        });
    </script>
 
</head>
<body>
    <div>
        <input type="button" id="postUserInfo" value="post请求" />
    </div>
</body>

下面控制台调用

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Net;
using System.IO;
using System.Web;
namespace WebAPIClientDemo
{
    public class RestClient
    {
        private string BaseUri;
        public RestClient(string baseUri)
        {
            this.BaseUri = baseUri;
        }

        #region Delete方式
        public string Delete(string data, string uri)
        {
            return CommonHttpRequest(data, uri, "DELETE");
        }

        public string Delete(string uri)
        {
            //Web访问对象64
            string serviceUrl = string.Format("{0}/{1}", this.BaseUri, uri);
            HttpWebRequest myRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(serviceUrl);
            myRequest.Method = "DELETE";
            // 获得接口返回值68
            HttpWebResponse myResponse = (HttpWebResponse)myRequest.GetResponse();
            StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(myResponse.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8);
            //string ReturnXml = HttpUtility.UrlDecode(reader.ReadToEnd());
            string ReturnXml = reader.ReadToEnd();
            reader.Close();
            myResponse.Close();
            return ReturnXml;
        }
        #endregion

        #region Put方式
        public string Put(string data, string uri)
        {
            return CommonHttpRequest(data, uri, "PUT");
        }
        #endregion

        #region POST方式实现

        public string Post(string data, string uri)
        {
            return CommonHttpRequest(data,uri,"POST");
        }

        public string CommonHttpRequest(string data, string uri,string type)
        {
            //Web访问对象，构造请求的url地址
            string serviceUrl = string.Format("{0}/{1}", this.BaseUri, uri);

            //构造http请求的对象
            HttpWebRequest myRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(serviceUrl);
            //转成网络流
            byte[] buf = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("UTF-8").GetBytes(data);
            //设置
            myRequest.Method = type;
            myRequest.ContentLength = buf.Length;
            myRequest.ContentType = "application/json";
            myRequest.MaximumAutomaticRedirections = 1;
            myRequest.AllowAutoRedirect = true;
            // 发送请求
            Stream newStream = myRequest.GetRequestStream();
            newStream.Write(buf, 0, buf.Length);
            newStream.Close();
            // 获得接口返回值
            HttpWebResponse myResponse = (HttpWebResponse)myRequest.GetResponse();
            StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(myResponse.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8);
            string ReturnXml = reader.ReadToEnd();
            reader.Close();
            myResponse.Close();
            return ReturnXml;
        }
        #endregion

        #region GET方式实现
        public string Get(string uri)
        {
            //Web访问对象64
            string serviceUrl = string.Format("{0}/{1}", this.BaseUri, uri);

            //构造一个Web请求的对象
            HttpWebRequest myRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(serviceUrl);
            // 获得接口返回值68
            //获取web请求的响应的内容
            HttpWebResponse myResponse = (HttpWebResponse)myRequest.GetResponse();

            //通过响应流构造一个StreamReader
            StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(myResponse.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8);
            //string ReturnXml = HttpUtility.UrlDecode(reader.ReadToEnd());
            string ReturnXml = reader.ReadToEnd();
            reader.Close();
            myResponse.Close();
            return ReturnXml;
        }
        #endregion
    }
}

//调用代码demo
string serviceUrl = "http://localhost:44540/";
            RestClient client = new RestClient(serviceUrl);
            string data = @"{""UserName"":""1111"",""Age"":123,""Id"":133}";
            string uriPost = "api/values/3";
            string retPost = client.Put(data, uriPost);