ASP.NET 2.0 AJAX中能够在客户端js中很方便地调用服务器Webservice,以下为一些调用的示例。笔者安装的ASP.NET 2.0 AJAX
版本为AJAX November CTP。
三个示例分别为:
1 带参数的WS方法
2 不带参数的WS方法
3 参数类型为DataTable的WS方法
一、WebMethod
注意要点:
1 WebMethod类需要添加命名空间 Microsoft.Web.Script.Services,此空间需要引用Microsoft.Web.Preview.dll
2 类声明加入标签 [ScriptService]
3 在Asp.net 2.0里可以直接用DataTable作为返回类型了,但是需要在Web.config文件添加序列化转换器的属性。DataSet、DataTable、DataRow均有转换器WEB服务1:WS1
using System;
using System.Web;
using System.Collections;
using System.Web.Services;
using System.Web.Services.Protocols;
using Microsoft.Web.Script.Services;
using System.Data;

/**//// <summary>
/// WS1 的摘要说明
/// </summary>
[WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")]
[WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
[ScriptService]

public class WS1 : System.Web.Services.WebService
{


public WS1 ()
{

//如果使用设计的组件,请取消注释以下行
//InitializeComponent();
}

[WebMethod]
public string ServerTime()

{
return String.Format("now: {0}", DateTime.Now);
}

[WebMethod]
public DataTable GetDataTable()

{
DataTable dt = new DataTable("Person");

dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Name", typeof(string)));
dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("LastName", typeof(string)));
dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Email", typeof(string)));

dt.Rows.Add("kui", "he", "hekui168@163.com");
dt.Rows.Add("ren", "chao", "chaoren888@163.com");

return dt;
}
}


WEB服务2:WS
using System;
using System.Web;
using System.Collections;
using System.Web.Services;
using System.Web.Services.Protocols;
using Microsoft.Web.Script.Services;


/**//// <summary>
/// WS 的摘要说明
/// </summary>
[WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")]
[WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
[ScriptService]

public class WS : System.Web.Services.WebService
{


public WS ()
{

//如果使用设计的组件,请取消注释以下行
//InitializeComponent();
}

[WebMethod]
[ScriptMethod(UseHttpGet = true)]
public string HelloWorld(String query)

{
string inputString = Server.HtmlEncode(query);
if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(inputString))

{
return String.Format("hello, {0}. ", inputString);
}
else

{
return "query string is null or empty";
}
}

}


二、前台页面:
注意要点:
需要使用的后台WebService的方法均设置在如下位置
<asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1" runat="server">
<Services>
<asp:ServiceReference Path="~/WS.asmx" />
<asp:ServiceReference Path="~/WS1.asmx" />
</Services>
</asp:ScriptManager>
Default页面:

<%
@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="_Default" %>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
<title>Untitled Page</title>


<script language="javascript" type="text/javascript" src="js.js">
</script>

</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1" runat="server">
<Services>
<asp:ServiceReference Path="~/WS.asmx" />
<asp:ServiceReference Path="~/WS1.asmx" />
</Services>
</asp:ScriptManager>
<div>
<asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" Text="Button" OnClientClick="dd();return false;" />
<div id="time">
</div>
<div id="List1">
<asp:DropDownList ID="ddl1" runat="server" Width="187px">
</asp:DropDownList>
</div>
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>

三、JavaScript程序:
注意要点:
AJAX November CTP 需要用 eval() 方法将其转换成一个DataTable对象(并且要裁掉最前面的"("),而AJAX December CTP 支持以下方法转换“Sys.Preview.Data.DataTable.parseFromJson(result)”
function dd()

{
WS.HelloWorld(
'hekui',
function(result)

{
alert(result);
}
);
WS1.ServerTime(
function(result)

{
alert(result);
var divTime = document.getElementById("time");
divTime.innerHTML = result;
}
);
WS1.GetDataTable(
function(result)

{
// 获取到下拉框控件
var List = document.getElementById("ddl1");
//AJAX November CTP 需要用 eval() 方法将其转换成一个DataTable对象(并且要裁掉最前面的"(")
var Text= result.dataArray.substring(0,result.dataArray.length -1);
var Table = eval( Text);
//AJAX December CTP 支持以下方法转换
// &