pytest特性记录：仅运行上一次运行失败的测试用例

关键字：--lf(--last-failed)

pytest运行参数 --lf(--last-failed)，即每次运行测试套件时只运行上一次失败的测试用例，该参数是为了方便调试测试用例，提高测试效率。若第一次运行该测试套件或者上次运行时测试用例全部通过，则本次运行所有的测试用例。举例如下：

# 第一次运行时用例3和4执行失败，使用了参数 --lf，则本次运行只执行运行失败的用例，即用例3、4
import pytest
 
 
class TestPytestFeatures(object):
    def test_case_01(self):
        assert 1 == 1
 
    def test_case_02(self):
        assert isinstance(["a", "b"], list)
 
    def test_case_03(self):
        assert 1 == 2
 
    def test_case_04(self):
        assert 1 == 4
 
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
    pytest.main(["--lf", "test_case_pytest_features.py"])
 
"""
运行结果
============================= test session starts =============================
platform win32 -- Python 3.8.7, pytest-6.2.5, py-1.10.0, pluggy-1.0.0
rootdir: E:\icp_capp\help
plugins: allure-pytest-2.9.43
collected 4 items / 2 deselected / 2 selected
run-last-failure: rerun previous 2 failures
test_case_pytest_features.py FF                                          [100%]
================================== FAILURES ===================================
_______________________ TestPytestFeatures.test_case_03 _______________________
self = <help.test_case_pytest_features.TestPytestFeatures object at 0x000002173A6ABCA0>
    def test_case_03(self):
>       assert 1 == 2
E       assert 1 == 2
test_case_pytest_features.py:19: AssertionError
_______________________ TestPytestFeatures.test_case_04 _______________________
self = <help.test_case_pytest_features.TestPytestFeatures object at 0x000002173A6AB640>
    def test_case_04(self):
>       assert 1 == 4
E       assert 1 == 4
test_case_pytest_features.py:22: AssertionError
=========================== short test summary info ===========================
FAILED test_case_pytest_features.py::TestPytestFeatures::test_case_03 - asser...
FAILED test_case_pytest_features.py::TestPytestFeatures::test_case_04 - asser...
======================= 2 failed, 2 deselected in 0.06s =======================
Process finished with exit code 0
"""

# 第一次运行该测试套件，即使使用了--lf参数，仍然会运行全部测试用例
import pytest
 
 
class TestPytestFeatures(object):
    def test_case_01(self):
        assert 1 == 1
 
    def test_case_02(self):
        assert isinstance(["a", "b"], list)
 
    def test_case_03(self):
        assert 1 == 1
 
    def test_case_04(self):
        assert 1 == 1
 
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
    pytest.main(["--lf", "test_case_pytest_features.py"])
 
"""
运行结果
============================= test session starts =============================
platform win32 -- Python 3.8.7, pytest-6.2.5, py-1.10.0, pluggy-1.0.0
rootdir: E:\icp_capp\help
plugins: allure-pytest-2.9.43
collected 4 items
run-last-failure: no previously failed tests, not deselecting items.
test_case_pytest_features.py ....                                        [100%]
============================== 4 passed in 0.03s ==============================
"""