docker学习笔记2

Docker部署Nginx与Tomcat：容器化应用实例

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#docker #nginx #运维

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本文详细介绍了如何在Docker中安装Nginx和Tomcat，包括搜索镜像、下载、启动、配置和问题解决，展示了如何通过容器化技术部署轻量级Web服务器和Java应用。

一、docker安装Nginx

1.1 搜索Nginx镜像

[root@iZwz939qj61dxuoca8vryhZ ~]# docker search nginx
NAME                              DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
nginx                             Official build of Nginx.                        16250     [OK]       
jwilder/nginx-proxy               Automated Nginx reverse proxy for docker con…   2114                 [OK]
richarvey/nginx-php-fpm           Container running Nginx + PHP-FPM capable of…   821                  [OK]
jc21/nginx-proxy-manager          Docker container for managing Nginx proxy ho…   322                  
linuxserver/nginx                 An Nginx container, brought to you by LinuxS…   162                  
jlesage/nginx-proxy-manager       Docker container for Nginx Proxy Manager        152                  [OK]
tiangolo/nginx-rtmp               Docker image with Nginx using the nginx-rtmp…   151                  [OK]
alfg/nginx-rtmp                   NGINX, nginx-rtmp-module and FFmpeg from sou…   116                  [OK]
nginxdemos/hello                  NGINX webserver that serves a simple page co…   83                   [OK]
privatebin/nginx-fpm-alpine       PrivateBin running on an Nginx, php-fpm & Al…   62                   [OK]
nginx/nginx-ingress               NGINX and  NGINX Plus Ingress Controllers fo…   59                   
nginxinc/nginx-unprivileged       Unprivileged NGINX Dockerfiles                  58                   
nginxproxy/nginx-proxy            Automated Nginx reverse proxy for docker con…   35                   
staticfloat/nginx-certbot         Opinionated setup for automatic TLS certs lo…   25                   [OK]
nginx/nginx-prometheus-exporter   NGINX Prometheus Exporter for NGINX and NGIN…   23                   
schmunk42/nginx-redirect          A very simple container to redirect HTTP tra…   19                   [OK]
centos/nginx-112-centos7          Platform for running nginx 1.12 or building …   16                   
centos/nginx-18-centos7           Platform for running nginx 1.8 or building n…   13                   
bitwarden/nginx                   The Bitwarden nginx web server acting as a r…   12                   
flashspys/nginx-static            Super Lightweight Nginx Image                   12                   [OK]
mailu/nginx                       Mailu nginx frontend                            10                   [OK]
sophos/nginx-vts-exporter         Simple server that scrapes Nginx vts stats a…   7                    [OK]
navidonskis/nginx-php5.6          Docker nginx + php5.6 on Ubuntu                 7                    [OK]
ansibleplaybookbundle/nginx-apb   An APB to deploy NGINX                          3                    [OK]
wodby/nginx                       Generic nginx                                   1                    [OK]

1.2 下载Nginx镜像

 docker pull nginx

1.3 查看下载好的Nginx镜像

[root@iZwz939qj61dxuoca8vryhZ ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
nginx        latest    c316d5a335a5   8 days ago     142MB
centos       latest    5d0da3dc9764   4 months ago   231MB

1.4 启动Nginx镜像

-d, --detach Run container in background and print container ID
–name string Assign a name to the container
-p, --publish-all Publish all exposed ports to random ports
Nginx的默认端口号是80

[root@zhouhao ~]# docker run -d --name nginx01 -p 3344:80 nginx
3702ce2af065c967ba20840a41202afcca604055bcea27bf23cb24f866b21f75

查看运行中的nginx容器

[root@zhouhao ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS                                   NAMES
3702ce2af065   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   33 seconds ago   Up 32 seconds   0.0.0.0:3344->80/tcp, :::3344->80/tcp   nginx01

1.5 查看Nginx的启动状况

[root@zhouhao ~]# curl localhost:3344
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
html { color-scheme: light dark; }
body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>

<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>

<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>

1.6 进入Nginx容器

[root@zhouhao ~]# docker exec -it  nginx01 /bin/bash
root@3702ce2af065:/# whereis nginx
nginx: /usr/sbin/nginx /usr/lib/nginx /etc/nginx /usr/share/nginx
root@3702ce2af065:/# cd /etc/nginx/
root@3702ce2af065:/etc/nginx# ls
conf.d	fastcgi_params	mime.types  modules  nginx.conf  scgi_params  uwsgi_params

二、docker安装Tomcat

2.1 下载Tomcat

[root@zhouhao ~]# docker pull tomcat
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/tomcat
0c6b8ff8c37e: Pull complete 
412caad352a3: Pull complete 
e6d3e61f7a50: Pull complete 
461bb1d8c517: Pull complete 
e442ee9d8dd9: Pull complete 
542c9fe4a7ba: Pull complete 
fda090e7df35: Pull complete 
e5341f7d4665: Pull complete 
e514be7c32d7: Pull complete 
9fe0da884087: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:362db802cd2b9940bb7b4596286fdb7e6a80d334c24d297c170713778489b518
Status: Downloaded newer image for tomcat:latest
docker.io/library/tomcat:latest

2.2 启动Tomcat

[root@zhouhao ~]# docker run -d -p 3355:8080 --name tomcat01 tomcat
0d4057b8da90d41a716d81de4f249a6893e326a093628be2b366035acce22c04

2.3 进入Tomcat

[root@zhouhao ~]# docker exec -it tomcat01 /bin/bash
root@0d4057b8da90:/usr/local/tomcat# ll
bash: ll: command not found
root@0d4057b8da90:/usr/local/tomcat# ls 
BUILDING.txt	 LICENSE  README.md	 RUNNING.txt  conf  logs	    temp     webapps.dist
CONTRIBUTING.md  NOTICE   RELEASE-NOTES  bin	      lib   native-jni-lib  webapps  work

发现问题

Linux命令少了
webapps文件夹里没有东西，所以访问不到网页。是阿里云镜像的问题，默认是最小的镜像，所以不必要的文件都剔除了，保障最小的运行环境。

2.4 停止Tomcat

[root@zhouhao ~]# docker stop 0d4057b8da90
0d4057b8da90

2.5 查看Tomcat占用的CUP资源

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