Duff and Meat(贪心)

Duff is addicted to meat! Malek wants to keep her happy for n days. In order to be happy in i-th day, she needs to eat exactly ai kilograms of meat.

There is a big shop uptown and Malek wants to buy meat for her from there. In i-th day, they sell meat for pi dollars per kilogram. Malek knows all numbers a1, ..., anand p1, ..., pn. In each day, he can buy arbitrary amount of meat, also he can keep some meat he has for the future.

Malek is a little tired from cooking meat, so he asked for your help. Help him to minimize the total money he spends to keep Duff happy for n days.

Input

The first line of input contains integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 105), the number of days.

In the next n lines, i-th line contains two integers ai and pi (1 ≤ ai, pi ≤ 100), the amount of meat Duff needs and the cost of meat in that day.

Output

Print the minimum money needed to keep Duff happy for n days, in one line.

Examples

Input

3
1 3
2 2
3 1

Output

10

Input

3
1 3
2 1
3 2

Output

8

Note

In the first sample case: An optimal way would be to buy 1 kg on the first day, 2 kg on the second day and 3 kg on the third day.

In the second sample case: An optimal way would be to buy 1 kg on the first day and 5 kg (needed meat for the second and third day) on the second day.

用贪心的思想来想,如果肉的价格低的话可以按照低的囤货,从而保证当前是价格最低的,也就是当前最优解,从而最后得到的一定也是最优解

代码:

#include<cstdio>
#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cstring>

using namespace std;

int main() {
	int n;
	cin>>n;
	int a,p;
	int sum=0;
	int min=0x3f3f3f;
	for(int t=0; t<n; t++) {
		scanf("%d%d",&a,&p);
		if(p<min) {
			min=p;
		}
		sum+=a*min;
	}
	cout<<sum<<endl;
	return 0;
}

 

Porter-Duff算法是图像处理中用于颜色混合的一种技术,它由David Porter和Larry Duff在1984年提出。该算法主要用于计算两个像素的颜色应该如何混合以得到最终结果。在计算机图形学中,它常用于实现诸如透明度、遮罩、绘图等操作。 具体来说,Porter-Duff算法有几种不同的模式: 1. **源(Source)**:新像素完全覆盖旧像素,不考虑旧像素的颜色。 ```python new_color = old_color + src_color ``` 2. **目的地(Destination)**:新像素完全替换旧像素,不管src_color是什么。 ```python new_color = old_color ``` 3. **源过(Over)**:如果新像素比旧像素亮,则显示新像素;反之则保留旧像素。 ```python if src_alpha < old_alpha: new_color = old_color else: new_color = old_color * (1 - src_alpha) + src_color * src_alpha ``` 4. **源在下(In)**:只有当新像素完全位于旧像素内时才显示新像素。 ```python new_color = old_color * (1-src_alpha) + src_color * src_alpha * old_color / src_color ``` 5. **源在上面(Out)**:与"In"相反,只有新像素完全超出旧像素时显示新像素。 ```python new_color = src_color * (1-old_alpha) ``` 6. **清除(Clear)**:设置新像素为全透明(黑色)。 ```python new_color = (0, 0, 0, 0) ``` 这些模式可以通过调整alpha通道(透明度)来控制颜色混合的效果。在Python的图像处理库如PIL或OpenCV中,可以找到对Porter-Duff模式的支持。
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