查找mysql配置文件，更改其datadir（數據存放路徑）值（筆記）

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本文介绍了如何使用`which`命令找到MySQL的安装路径，并通过此路径查找配置文件my.cnf。内容提到了配置文件的读取顺序，包括/etc/mysql/my.cnf、/etc/my.cnf和~/.my.cnf。接着说明了如何打开并编辑my.cnf，特别是更改mysqld.cnf中的datadir值为"/mnt/mysql"。

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以which命令尋mysql于何處：

which mysql

得徑：

/usr/bin/mysql

以此徑尋配置文件:

/usr/bin/mysql --verbose --help | grep -A 1 'Default options'

顯示信息：

Default options are read from the following files in the given order:
/etc/mysql/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf

其意為：

服务器先讀/etc/mysql/my.cnf，如不存在則讀/etc/my.cnf，仍不存在則讀~/.my.cnf文件

打開/etc/mysql/my.cnf：除末兩行，他行皆注釋，而我竟不知“！”號何意？

#
# The MySQL database server configuration file.
#
# You can copy this to one of:
# - "/etc/mysql/my.cnf" to set global options,
# - "~/.my.cnf" to set user-specific options.
# 
# One can use all long options that the program supports.
# Run program with --help to get a list of available options and with
# --print-defaults to see which it would actually understand and use.
#
# For explanations see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html

#
# * IMPORTANT: Additional settings that can override those from this file!
#   The files must end with '.cnf', otherwise they'll be ignored.
#

!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/
!includedir /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/

尋/etc/mysql/conf.d 無datadir,又尋/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d

于其中 mysqld.cnf文件見datadir值更為"/mnt/mysql"