apache2.2.21 + mod_jk1.2.32 + tomcat6.0.33 配置负载均衡

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#tomcat #apache #interceptor #module #负载均衡 #session

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本文详细介绍了在Windows XP SP3环境下，通过Apache 2.2.21和Tomcat 6实现负载均衡与集群搭建的过程，包括配置Apache httpd.conf、虚拟主机、JkWorker配置文件，以及修改Tomcat server.xml来实现session复制和粘性会话。通过测试程序部署验证了配置的有效性。

系统环境：Windows XP SP3 ，jdk1.6.0_13
软件版本：httpd-2.2.21-win32-x86-openssl-0.9.8r.msi apache-tomcat-6.0.33 tomcat-connectors-1.2.32-windows-i386-

httpd-2.2.x

我是在一台机器上作的测试，因为我完成了apache的负载均衡以及tomcat6的集群和session的复制，
需要修改到的地方可能比较多，先将配置列出如下：

1. 修改apache的httpd.conf:

首先要load所需要的so文件，把下面几行前面的注释去掉.
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so
LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so
LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
LoadModule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.so

加入load连接器的配置
LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so
JkWorkersFile "conf\workers.properties"
JkMount /*.jsp controller

去掉虚拟主机的注释
Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

结尾加上负载均衡配置

<Location /server-status>
SetHandler server-status
Order Deny,Allow
Deny from all
Allow from all
</Location>
<Location /balancer-manager>
SetHandler balancer-manager
Order Deny,Allow
Deny from all
Allow from all
</Location>
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyPass /test balancer://tomcatcluster/ stickysession=jsessionid nofailover=On

<Proxy balancer://tomcatcluster>
BalancerMember ajp://127.0.0.1:8009 loadfactor=1 route=tomcat1
BalancerMember ajp://127.0.0.1:9009 loadfactor=1 route=tomcat2
</Proxy>

2. apache的httpd-vhosts.conf文件中加入：

<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin webmaster@163.com
ServerName localhost
ServerAlias localhost
ProxyPass / balancer://tomcatcluster/ stickysession=jsessionid nofailover=On
ProxyPassReverse / balancer://tomcatcluster/
</VirtualHost>

3.创建workers.properties文件

#========tomcat1========
worker.tomcat1.port=8009 #ajp13 端口号，在tomcat下server.xml配置,默认8009
worker.tomcat1.host=localhost #tomcat的主机地址，如不为本机，请填写ip地址
worker.tomcat1.type=ajp13
worker.tomcat1.lbfactor = 1 #server的加权比重，值越高，分得的请求越多

#========tomcat2========
worker.tomcat2.port=9009 #ajp13 端口号，在tomcat下server.xml配置,
worker.tomcat2.host=localhost #tomcat的主机地址，如不为本机，请填写ip地址
worker.tomcat2.type=ajp13
worker.tomcat2.lbfactor = 1 #server的加权比重，值越高，分得的请求越多
#========controller,负载均衡控制器========
worker.controller.type=lb
worker.controller.balanced_workers=tomcat1,tomcat2 #指定分担请求的tomcat
worker.controller.sticky_session=false #worker.controller.sticky_session=1

4.修改tomcat的server.xml:

除了把两个tomcat冲突的端口都改掉，还需要加入下的集群设置

<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat1"> --另一个为tomcat2



<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster" channelSendOptions="6">

<Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"
expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>

<Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">
<Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"
address="228.0.0.4"
port="45564"
frequency="500"
dropTime="3000"/>
<Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"
address="auto"
port="5001"
selectorTimeout="100"
maxThreads="6"/>
<Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">
<Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>
</Sender>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.ThroughputInterceptor"/>
</Channel>
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"
filter=".*\.gif;.*\.js;.*\.jpg;.*\.png;.*\.htm;.*\.html;.*\.css;.*\.txt;"/>

<Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"
tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"
deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"
watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"
watchEnabled="false"/>

<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>
</Cluster>

5.webapps应用下web.xml配置

Webapps目录下的应用程序的web.xm中必须添加
<distributable/> 此应用将与群集服务器复制Session

配置完成，先启动所有tomcat服务器，最后启动apache2.2服务器.

6.下面jsp可以作为测试程序部署在tomcat1,tomcat2
<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=GBK" %>
<%@ page import="java.util.*" %>
<html><head><title>Cluster App Test</title></head>
<body>
Server Info:
<%
out.println(request.getLocalAddr() + " : " + request.getLocalPort()+"<br>");%>
<%
out.println("<br> ID " + session.getId()+"<br>");
String dataName = request.getParameter("dataName");

if (dataName != null && dataName.length() > 0) {
String dataValue = request.getParameter("dataValue");
session.setAttribute(dataName, dataValue);
}

out.print("<b>Session 列表</b>");

Enumeration e = session.getAttributeNames();

while (e.hasMoreElements()) {
String name = (String)e.nextElement();
String value = session.getAttribute(name).toString();
out.println( name + " = " + value+"<br>");
System.out.println( name + " = " + value);
}
%>
<form action="index.jsp" method="POST">
名称:<input type=text size=20 name="dataName">
<br>
值:<input type=text size=20 name="dataValue">
<br>
<input type=submit>
</form>
</body>
</html>

成功配置的结果是tomcat1,tomcat2的后台打印session内容相同,通过apache访问请求被分发。