Quartz开源的作业调度框架

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#Quartz #开源 #作业调度框架

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本文介绍了Quartz定时任务框架的核心组件及其使用方法。包括SchedulerFactory、Scheduler、JobDetail、Trigger等关键概念，并提供了SimpleTrigger与CronTrigger的具体实现示例。

package com.demo.web.quartz;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;

/**
 * 具体执行的任务
 * @author lxzqz
 *
 */
public class QuartzJob implements Job{

	/**
	 * 要执行的任务在此定义
	 */
	@Override
	public void execute(JobExecutionContext arg0) throws JobExecutionException {
		System.out.println("执行具体的Job：" + new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(new Date()));
	}

}

package com.demo.web.quartz;

import org.quartz.JobBuilder;
import org.quartz.JobDetail;
import org.quartz.Scheduler;
import org.quartz.SchedulerException;
import org.quartz.SchedulerFactory;
import org.quartz.SimpleScheduleBuilder;
import org.quartz.Trigger;
import org.quartz.TriggerBuilder;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;

/**
 * 普通的Trigger任务调度
 * 
 * @author lxzqz
 * 
 */
public class QuartzSchedulerSimple {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		System.out.println("初始化");
		SchedulerFactory schedulerfactory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
		Scheduler scheduler = null;
		try {
			scheduler = schedulerfactory.getScheduler();
			JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(QuartzJob.class)
					.withIdentity("jobDe", "schedulerG").build();
			Trigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
					.withIdentity("simpleTrigger", "schedulerG").withSchedule(
							// 每15分钟执行一次
							SimpleScheduleBuilder.repeatMinutelyForever(15))
					.startNow().build();
			scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);
			scheduler.start();
			System.out.println("启动");
		} catch (SchedulerException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

package com.demo.web.quartz;

import org.quartz.CronScheduleBuilder;
import org.quartz.JobBuilder;
import org.quartz.JobDetail;
import org.quartz.Scheduler;
import org.quartz.SchedulerException;
import org.quartz.SchedulerFactory;
import org.quartz.Trigger;
import org.quartz.TriggerBuilder;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;

/**
 * 带Cron Like 表达式的Trigger任务调度
 * 
 * @author lxzqz
 * 
 */
public class QuartzScheduler {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		System.out.println("初始化");
		SchedulerFactory schedulerfactory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
		Scheduler scheduler = null;
		try {
			scheduler = schedulerfactory.getScheduler();
			JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(QuartzJob.class)
					.withIdentity("jobDe", "schedulerG").build();
			Trigger trigger = TriggerBuilder
					.newTrigger()
					.withIdentity("cronTrigger", "schedulerG")
					.withSchedule(
							// 每个小时的0,15,30,45分钟执行
							CronScheduleBuilder
									.cronSchedule("0 0,15,30,45 * * * ?"))
					.startNow().build();
			scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);
			scheduler.start();
			System.out.println("启动");
		} catch (SchedulerException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

框架核心分析

SchedulerFactory -- 调度程序工厂
1. StdSchedulerFactory -- Quartz默认的SchedulerFactory
2. DirectSchedulerFactory -- DirectSchedulerFactory是对SchedulerFactory的直接实现,通过它可以直接构建Scheduler、threadpool 等
  1. ThreadExecutor / DefaultThreadExecutor -- 内部线程操作对象
JobExecutionContext -- JOB上下文,保存着Trigger、 JobDeaitl 等信息,JOB的execute方法传递的参数就是对象的实例
1. JobExecutionContextImpl
Scheduler -- 调度器
1. StdScheduler -- Quartz默认的Scheduler
2. RemoteScheduler -- 带有RMI功能的Scheduler
JOB --任务对象
1. JobDetail -- 他是实现轮询的一个的回调类，可将参数封装成JobDataMap对象,Quartz将任务的作业状态保存在JobDetail中.
2. JobDataMap -- JobDataMap用来报错由JobDetail传递过来的任务实例对象
Trigger
1. SimpleTrigger <普通的Trigger> -- SimpleScheduleBuilder
2. CronTrigger <带Cron Like 表达式的Trigger> -- CronScheduleBuilder
3. CalendarIntervalTrigger <带日期触发的Trigger> -- CalendarIntervalScheduleBuilder
4. DailyTimeIntervalTrigger <按天触发的Trigger> -- DailyTimeIntervalScheduleBuilder
ThreadPool -- 为Quartz运行任务时提供了一些线程
1. SimpleThreadPool --一个Quartz默认实现的简单线程池，它足够健壮，能够应对大部分常用场景