在Linux上安装Mysql8.0.13以及常见问题解析

在Linux上安装Mysql8.0.13以及常见问题解析

1.下载mysql-8.0.13-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz的安装包
云盘下载链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1CwH3yKNoQ_dUX4Q2xrA5Aw
提取码：jxbk
2.解压mysql-8.0.13-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

tar -xvf mysql-8.0.13-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

3.将解压的文件重命名mysql，并移动到/usr/local目录下

# mv mysql-8.0.13-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
# mv mysql /usr/local/

4.进入到/usr/local目录下，创建用户和用户组并授权

# cd /usr/local/
# groupadd mysql
# useradd -r -g mysql mysql
# cd mysql/ #注意：进入mysql文件下授权所有的文件
# chown -R mysql:mysql ./

5.再/usr/local/mysql目录下，创建data文件夹

# mkdir data

6…初始化数据库，并会自动生成随机密码，记下等下登陆要用
设置lower_case_table_names = 1初始化密码会不出来
初始化密码在/usr/local/mysql/data/error.log

# bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

7.修改/usr/local/mysql当前目录得用户

# chown -R root:root ./
# chown -R mysql:mysql data

8.# cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
复制过去，其实也就是空白页，一开始没有my-default.cnf这个文件，可以用# touch my-default.cnf命令创建一个，并配置权限

# chmod 777 ./my-default.cnf 

# cd support-files/
# touch my-default.cnf
# chmod 777 ./my-default.cnf
# cd ../
# cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

9.配置my.cnf （vi）

# vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
  
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
  
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
  
# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
log-error = /usr/local/mysql/data/error.log
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid
tmpdir = /tmp
port = 3306
#lower_case_table_names = 1
# server_id = .....
# socket = .....
#lower_case_table_names = 1
max_allowed_packet=32M
default-authentication-plugin = mysql_native_password
#lower_case_file_system = on
#lower_case_table_names = 1
log_bin_trust_function_creators = ON
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
  
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

10.开机自启，进入/u：sr/local/mysql/support-files进行设置

# cd support-files/
# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql

11.注册服务

# chkconfig --add mysql

如果命令没有，在需要处理chkconfig

# rpm -aq |grep chkconfig
# export PATH=/sbin:$PATH
# chkconfig
# echo $PATH
# PATH="$PATH":/sbin
# echo $PATH

12.查看是否成功
13.etc/ld.so.conf要配置路径，不然报错

# vim /etc/ld.so.conf
添加如下内容:
/usr/local/mysql/lib

14.配置环境变量

# vim /etc/profile
# source /etc/profile
添加如下内容：
#MYSQL ENVIRONMENT
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib

15.登陆，这里输入上面第6步随机生成得密码，细心点输入，没有显示的，登陆成功如图所示
16.开启Navicat远程连接

mysql> use mysql;  #如果报以下该错误
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
mysql> ALTER USER USER() IDENTIFIED BY 'root';  #解决方式

然后继续下面操作，没有错误也是继续下面操作

# mysql -uroot -p #进入数据库
> use mysql;#进入数据库
> select host, user, authentication_string, plugin from user;#查看用户信息
> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'root'@'%';#授权root用户可以远程登陆
> flush privileges;#立即生效
> ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'Kuaigui2019!';#修改root用户密码
> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;#立即生效
> exit;#退出
# service mysql restart#重启mysql服务

遇到的问题：
1.msyql8.0给root用户赋登录的权限遇到问题
2.使用service mysql restart 命令遇到的问题（安装好使用随机密码进不去可参考）
可能进程里已经存在mysql进程
解决方法：用命令“ps -ef|grep mysqld”查看是否有 进程，如果有使用“kill -9 进程号”杀死，然后重新启动mysqld！
参考资料： https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/eagle89/article/details/79813405

3.进入后修改密码遇到的报错

解决方案：在修改密码之前执行

> flush privileges;#立即生效

第二次进入，需要在data里面输入，source /etc/profile命令