ubuntu 环境安装

1. ubuntu 环境安装

• 1. ubuntu 环境安装
  • 1.1. default language
  • 1.2. sougou shurufa
  • 1.3. cmake-last
  • 1.4. audio-recorder
  • 1.5. sources.list 切换国内源
  • 1.6. oh my zsh
  • 1.7. wps
  • 1.8. weixin
  • 1.9. bcompare
  • 1.10. wireshark
  • 1.11. 其他问题

ubuntu 环境常用软件安装

1.1. default language

ubuntu 修改系统默认语言为英文!

1.2. sougou shurufa

搜狗输入法无法输入中文,参考

https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/455928877
https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/chichoxian/article/details/103570332

1.3. cmake-last

ubuntu install last cmake

1.4. audio-recorder

ubuntu intall audio-recorder

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:audio-recorder/ppa
sudo apt update
sudo apt install audio-recorder

1.5. sources.list 切换国内源

#Ubuntu 重定位到清华的镜像源，提高下载速度

ubuntu18.04 镜像执行下边语句
sudo sed -i'.bak' 's,/[a-z]*.ubuntu.com,/mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn,' /etc/apt/sources.list

实际操作如下

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
# 修改 sources.list 为下边之一，分别是：清华，网易，阿里
sudo apt-get update

默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyhttps://www.cnblogs.com/zqifa/p/12910989.htmlun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

参考： https://www.cnblogs.com/zqifa/p/12910989.html

1.6. oh my zsh

安装 zsh 和 oh my zsh

sudo apt install curl wget git zsh
sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh)"
# 或 sh -c "$(wget https://raw.github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh -O -)"

oh my zsh 配置常用插件

git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-autosuggestions.git $ZSH_CUSTOM/plugins/zsh-autosuggestions
git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-syntax-highlighting.git $ZSH_CUSTOM/plugins/zsh-syntax-highlighting
vi ~/.zshrc
# 修改 .zshrc 中的 plugins，如下
plugins=(git zsh-autosuggestions zsh-syntax-highlighting)

# 修改自动升级，可选
DISABLE_AUTO_UPDATE=”true”  # 关闭自动更新
export UPDATE_ZSH_DAYS=<NUMBER OF DAYS>  # 修改更新频率
source ~/.zshrc

配置默认主题 robbyrussell.zsh-theme 显示全路径

vi ~/.oh-my-zsh/themes/robbyrussell.zsh-theme
# 修改内容如下(%c 修改为 %10d，10d 表示显示10级目录)
`PROMPT="%(?:%{$fg_bold[green]%}➜ :%{$fg_bold[red]%}➜ ) %{$fg[cyan]%}%c%{$reset_color%}"` 
`PROMPT="%(?:%{$fg_bold[green]%}➜ :%{$fg_bold[red]%}➜ ) %{$fg[cyan]%}%10d%{$reset_color%}"`  

如果无法访问 github 可以参考 https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/2138955 手动安装
对应的主题及插件也可以在 https://gitee.com/mirrors/ 中找到

1.7. wps

从官网下载 deb 版本,通过 dpkg 安装(双击会报错)

sudo dpkg -i wps-office_12.1.0.17885_amd64.deb

git clone https://github.com/udoyen/wps-fonts.git
sudo mkdir /usr/share/fonts/kingsoft
sudo cp wps-fonts/wps/* /usr/share/fonts/kingsoft
sudo chown -R $USER:$USER /usr/share/fonts/kingsoft
sudo chmod -R o+rw,g+rw /usr/share/fonts/kingsoft
sudo fc-cache -vfs
sudo apt-get install qalculate

1.8. weixin

目前官网已直接支持，直接下载 deb 安装即可

wget https://dldir1v6.qq.com/weixin/Universal/Linux/WeChatLinux_x86_64.deb
sudo apt install ./WeChatLinux_x86_64.deb

参考网址： https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/690854988

1.9. bcompare

下载安装 https://www.scootersoftware.com/download
安装后目录 /usr/lib/beyondcompare
运行后的配置文件目录 /home/xxx/.config/bcompare
重置使用天数(首次运行生成) rm /home/xxx/.config/bcompare/registry.dat
命令行运行 bcompare 即可

1.10. wireshark

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:wireshark-dev/stable
sudo apt update
sudo apt install wireshark

wireshark --version

sudo dpkg-reconfigure wireshark-common        (select yes)
sudo usermod -a -G wireshark $USER
sudo chmod 4711 $(sudo which dumpcap)

1.11. 其他问题

• 升级 python 后，terminal 不能用了
  https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qincheng1/article/details/109531885