linux网络服务练习题及答案

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本文详述了在Linux环境下配置DHCP服务、搭建Samba共享以及安装LAMP（Linux、Apache、MySQL、PHP）的过程。包括Linux系统的安装与分区、DHCP服务配置、Samba服务的权限设定和磁盘配额管理，以及Apache服务器的配置和MySQL数据库的安装与权限管理。

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Linux网络服务练习题

l 安装操作系统（略）

² 安装rhel 6.3系统，安装要求如下

（1）物理内存1G，虚拟内存4G

（2）硬盘 100GB，建立分区如下：

/boot 200M

swap 4G

以下分区采用lvm方式创建

/var 20G

/var/log 20G

/opt 20G

/tmp 5G

/ 剩余所有空间

（3）不安装桌面环境；安装中文语言支持

² 在Linux上配置DHCP服务，为windows xp自动分配IP信息，分配的DNS服务器地址为202.16.53.17

1.关闭iptables，selinux，配置yum源

2.配置Linux SRV的TCP/IP参数并重启network服务

# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

DEVICE="eth0"

BOOTPROTO="static"

HWADDR="00:0C:29:B4:39:71"

NM_CONTROLLED="yes"

IPADDR=10.1.1.1

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

GATEWAY=10.1.1.254

DNS1=127.0.0.1

TYPE="Ethernet"

# /etc/init.d/network restart

3.安装dhcpd服务

# yum install dhcp -y

3备份并修改dhcpd配置文件

# cp /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf.bak

# vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

subnet 10.1.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

}

subnet 172.16.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

range 172.16.1.10 172.16.1.100;

option domain-name-servers 202.16.53.17;

option routers 172.16.1.254;

default-lease-time 600;

max-lease-time 7200;

}

4在GNS3上给路由器配置dhcp中继以及ip等

5启动dhcpd并添加到系统自启动

# /etc/init.d/dhcpd start

正在启动 dhcpd： [确定]

#chkconfig dhcpd on

6查看winxp地址测试

² 在Linux中添加20GB硬盘，将硬盘创建逻辑卷，名称为/dev/digital/caiwu；并将其自动挂载到/caiwu文件夹下

1添加20g硬盘重启系统

# fdisk -l /dev/sdb

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

2创建逻辑卷

# pvcreate /dev/sdb

Writing physical volume data to disk "/dev/sdb"

Physical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully created

3创建卷组

[root@localhost.localdomain ~]

# vgcreate /dev/digital /dev/sdb

Volume group "digital" successfully created

4创建逻辑卷

# lvcreate -L 10G -n /dev/digital/caiwu

Logical volume "caiwu" created

5格式化lv

# mkfs.ext4 /dev/digital/caiwu

6创建挂载点/caiwu

# mkdir /caiwu

7自动挂在到/caiwu下

# vim /etc/fstab

/dev/sr0 /mnt iso9660 defaults 0 0

/dev/digital/caiwu /caiwu ext4 defaults 0 0

8检测caiwu文件夹是否挂载

[root@localhost.localdomain /]

# cd /caiwu/

[root@localhost.localdomain /caiwu]

# ls

lost+found

² 将/caiwu文件夹共享

（1）要求只有tom和jerry用户可以访问共享

（2）只允许tom用户下载文件，允许jerry用户下载、上传文件

（3）将tom和jerry用户分别以别名yg和jl的方式告诉给员工使用

（4）设置jerry用户最多只允许上传15GB内容

一samba服务

1安装samba服务

# yum install samba* -y

2修改smb配置文件

# vim /etc/samba/smb.conf

workgroup = WORKGROUP

server string = Samba Server Version

security = user

[caiwu]

path=/caiwu

comment=this is a directory for jerry and tom

valid user=tom,jerry //只有tom和jerry用户可以访问共享

writeable=yes

write list=jerry //允许jerry用户上传文件

browseable=yes

readonly=no

public=no

3修改别名文件写入tom，jerry

# vim /etc/samba/smbusers

# Unix_name = SMB_name1 SMB_name2 ...

root = administrator admin

nobody = guest pcguest smbguest

jerry=jl

tom=yg

4将别名文件写入到smb配置文件中

# vim /etc/samba/smbusers

username map=/etc/samba/smbusers

5创建系统用户并将系统用户转变为samba用户

[root@localhost.localdomain /caiwu]

# useradd tom

# useradd jerry

# pdbedit -a -u tom

new password:

retype new password:

# pdbedit -a -u jerry

new password:

retype new password:

# pdbedit -L

tom:501:

jerry:502:

6修改caiwu文件夹权限

[root@localhost.localdomain /caiwu]

# chown jerry:tom /caiwu/

[root@localhost.localdomain /caiwu]

# chmod 750 /caiwu/

[root@localhost.localdomain /caiwu]

# ls -ldh

drwxr-x--- 3 jerry tom 4.0K 3月 15 20:25 .

7启动smb服务并添加到系统自启动

# testparm

[caiwu]

comment = this is a directory for jerry and tom

path = /caiwu

write list = jerry

read only = No

[root@localhost.localdomain /caiwu]

# /etc/init.d/smb start

启动 SMB 服务：

# chkconfig smb on

8测试yg是否能登录以及下载（先在创建测试文件）

[root@localhost.localdomain /caiwu]

# touch 1.mp3 2.mp3

# touch /tmp/test.mp3

# smbclient //127.0.0.1/caiwu -U yg

Enter yg's password:

Domain=[WORKGROUP] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 3.5.10-125.el6]

smb: \> ls

. D 0 Sun Mar 15 21:19:06 2015

.. DR 0 Sun Mar 15 20:20:54 2015

1.mp3 0 Sun Mar 15 21:19:06 2015

2.mp3 0 Sun Mar 15 21:19:06 2015

lost+found D 0 Sun Mar 15 20:25:55 2015

40317 blocks of size 262144. 37667 blocks available

smb: \> get 1.mp3 /tmp/1.mp3 //下载成功

getting file \1.mp3 of size 0 as /tmp/1.mp3 (0.0 KiloBytes/sec) (average 0.0 KiloBytes/sec)

smb: \> put /tmp/test.mp3 test.mp3 //上传失败

NT_STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED opening remote file \test.mp3

9测试jl是否能登录以及上传下载

# smbclient //127.0.0.1/caiwu -U jl

Enter jl's password:

Domain=[WORKGROUP] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 3.5.10-125.el6]

smb: \> ls

. D 0 Sun Mar 15 21:19:06 2015

.. DR 0 Sun Mar 15 20:20:54 2015

1.mp3 0 Sun Mar 15 21:19:06 2015

2.mp3 0 Sun Mar 15 21:19:06 2015

lost+found D 0 Sun Mar 15 20:25:55 2015

40317 blocks of size 262144. 37667 blocks available

smb: \> get 2.mp3 /tmp/2.mp3

getting file \2.mp3 of size 0 as /tmp/2.mp3 (0.0 KiloBytes/sec) (average 0.0 KiloBytes/sec)

smb: \> put /tmp/test.mp3 test.mp3

putting file /tmp/test.mp3 as \test.mp3 (0.0 kb/s) (average 0.0 kb/s)

二磁盘配额（给jerry做磁盘配额来限制其只能上传15M内容）

1安装磁盘配额软件包

# yum provides */quotacheck

# yum install quota -y

2开启磁盘配额功能

# mount -o remount,usrquota,grpquota /dev/digital/caiwu /caiwu/

# mount | grep caiwu

/dev/mapper/digital-caiwu on /caiwu type ext4 (rw,usrquota,grpquota)

3生成磁盘配额文件

# quotacheck -cugv /caiwu/

4编辑jerry的磁盘配额

# edquota -u jerry

Disk quotas for user jerry (uid 502):

Filesystem blocks soft hard inodes soft hard

/dev/mapper/digital-caiwu 4 0 150000 2 0 0

4启用磁盘配额配置

# quotaon -ugv /caiwu/

/dev/mapper/digital-caiwu [/caiwu]: group quotas turned on

/dev/mapper/digital-caiwu [/caiwu]: user quotas turned on

5测试

[root@localhost.localdomain /caiwu]

# su - jerry

[jerry@localhost.localdomain ~]

$ touch /caiwu/test

[jerry@localhost.localdomain /caiwu]

$ dd if=/dev/zero of=/caiwu/test bs=150M count=1

dm-3: write failed, user block limit reached.

dd: 正在写入"/caiwu/test": 超出磁盘限额

记录了1+0 的读入

记录了0+0 的写出

153595904字节(154 MB)已复制，0.6859 秒，224 MB/秒

$ du -ah test

147M test

$ dd if=/dev/zero of=/caiwu/test bs=140M count=1

记录了1+0 的读入

记录了1+0 的写出

146800640字节(147 MB)已复制，0.806138 秒，182 MB/秒

[jerry@localhost.localdomain /caiwu]

$ du -ah test

141M test

[jerry@localhost.localdomain /caiwu]

$ dd if=/dev/zero of=/caiwu/test bs=160M count=1

dm-3: write failed, user block limit reached.

dd: 正在写入"/caiwu/test": 超出磁盘限额

记录了1+0 的读入

记录了0+0 的写出

153595904字节(154 MB)已复制，0.833291 秒，184 MB/秒

[jerry@localhost.localdomain /caiwu]

$ du -ah test

147M test

6查看磁盘配额情况

# quota -u jerry

Disk quotas for user jerry (uid 502):

Filesystem blocks quota limit grace files quota limit grace

/dev/mapper/digital-caiwu

150000* 0 150000 3 0 0

[root@localhost.localdomain ~]

# repquota /caiwu/

*** Report for user quotas on device /dev/mapper/digital-caiwu

Block grace time: 7days; Inode grace time: 7days

Block limits File limits

User used soft hard grace used soft hard grace

----------------------------------------------------------------------

root -- 16 0 0 3 0 0

jerry -- 150000 0 150000 3 0 0

² 安装apache软件，分别搭建两个网站

（1）网站名称分别为www.bj.com和www.sh.com

（2）bj网站的所有网页存储到/usr/local/apache/htdocs/bj文件夹下（或者/var/www/html/bj）

（3）sh网站的所有网页存储到/usr/local/apache/htdocs/sh文件夹下（或者/var/www/html/sh）

（4）bj网站的测试网页中显示“it is bj”,sh网站的测试网页中显示“it is shanghai

（5）实现windows xp分别可以通过域名访问两个网站

（6）部署aws日志分析软件，分别分析两个网站的正常日志文件；

（7）为保证日志显示页面的安全性，为该页面添加用户名、密码进行认证

一dns服务

1安装named服务

# yum install bind bind-chroot -y

2修改系统dns地址

# vim /etc/resolv.conf

nameserver 127.0.0.1

3创建bj.com sh.com两个区域

# vim /var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf

options{

directory"/var/named";

};

zone"bj.com"{

type master;

file "bj.com.zone";

};

zone"sh.com"{

type master;

file "sh.com.zone";

};

4创建两个区域的记录文件并修改

# cp /usr/share/doc/bind-9.8.2/sample/var/named/named.localhost /var/

named/chroot/var/named/bj.com.zone

#cp/usr/share/doc/bind-9.8.2/sample/var/named/named.localhost /var/named/chroot/var/named/sh.com.zone

# vim /var/named/chroot/var/named/bj.com.zone

$TTL 1D

@ IN SOA bj.com. mymail.163.com.

www A 127.0.0.1

# vim /var/named/chroot/var/named/sh.com.zone

$TTL 1D

@ IN SOA sh.com. mymail.163.com. (

www A 127.0.0.1

5启动named服务并添加系统自启动

# rndc-confgen -r /dev/urandom -a

wrote key file "/etc/rndc.key"

# /etc/init.d/named start

# chkconfig named on

6测试

# nslookup

> server

Default server: 10.1.1.1

Address: 10.1.1.1#53

> www.bj.com

Server: 10.1.1.1

Address: 10.1.1.1#53

Name: www.bj.com

Address: 10.1.1.1

> www.sh.com

Server: 10.1.1.1

Address: 10.1.1.1#53

Name: www.sh.com

Address: 10.1.1.1

二安装httpd**rpm

# yum install httpd* -y

2 修改httpd配置文件

ServerAdmin mymail@163.com

ServerName www.bj.com

DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"

ServerRoot "/etc/httpd"

DirectoryIndex index.html index.html.var

3在网站跟路径下创建两个文件夹bj，sh

# mkdir /var/www/html/bj

# mkdir /var/www/html/sh

4分别在bj，sh两个文件夹下创建index文件

# vim /var/www/html/sh/index.html

it is sh

# vim /var/www/html/bj/index.html

it is bj

5配置基于域名的虚拟主机

# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

NameVirtualHost 10.1.1.1

ServerAdmin mymail@163.com

DocumentRoot /var/www/html/bj/

ServerName www.bj.com

ErrorLog /etc/httpd/logs/bj/error_log

CustomLog /etc/httpd/logs/bj/access_log common

</VirtualHost>

ServerAdmin mymail@163.com

DocumentRoot /var/www/html/sh/

ServerName www.sh.com

ErrorLog /etc/httpd/logs/sh/error_log

CustomLog /etc/httpd/logs/sh/access_log common

</VirtualHost>

# mkdir /etc/httpd/logs/bj

# mkdir /etc/httpd/logs/sh

6启动httpd服务并加入系统自启动

# /etc/init.d/httpd start

正在启动 httpd：

# chkconfig httpd on

7测试

三部署AWS日志分析软件

1解压缩

2讲aws软件包移动并改名

[root@localhost.localdomain /caiwu]

# mv awstats-7.0 /usr/local/awstats

3为www.bj.com生成aws文件

# cd /usr/local/awstats/

# cd tools/

# ./awstats_configure.pl

Config file path ('none' to skip web server setup):

> /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

。。。

Your web site, virtual server or profile name:

> www.bj.com

同理为www.sh.com生成aws文件

4为bj配置asw配置文件

# vim /etc/awstats/awstats.www.bj.com.conf

LogFile="/var/log/httpd/bj/access_log"

DirData="/var/lib/awstats"

# mkdir /var/lib/awstats

5重启httpd

# /etc/init.d/httpd restart

6编写任务计划每10分钟更新一次

# crontab -e

*/10 * * * * /usr/local/awstats/tools/awstats_update.pl now

crontab: installing new crontab

7访问测试

www.bj.com/awstats/awstats.pl?config=www.bj.com

www.bj.com/awstats/awstats.pl?config=www.sh.com

四apache访问控制（基于用户的访问控制）

1创建存放用户认证文件的文件夹

# mkdir /etc/httpd/httpdusers

2创建认证用户到htpasswd中

# find / -name htpasswd

/usr/bin/htpasswd

# /usr/bin/htpasswd -c /etc/httpd/httpdusers/.aws mike

New password:

Re-type new password:

Adding password for user mike

2修改httpd的配置文件

# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

Options None

AllowOverride None

Order allow,deny

Allow from all

AuthName "please input your username and password"

AuthType Basic

AuthUserFile "/etc/httpd/httpdusers/.aws"

require valid-user

</Directory>

3重启httpd服务

# /etc/init.d/httpd restart

² mysql数据操作练习

（1）创建一个名称为bj的数据库

（2）在bj数据库分别创建两个表，表结构如下：

表1名：stuInfo，并向表中添加数据

Id int primary key	Name varchar(30) not null	Age int not null	Sex char(2)
1	tom	20	M
2	jerry	50	W
3	mike	15	W
4	john	25

表2名：gradeInfo，并向表中添加数据：

Id int primary key	Name varchar(30)	Grade varchar(10)
1	tom	S1
2	jerry	S2
3	mike	S3
4	john	S1

（3）删除表中姓名为mike的数据

（4）将姓名为tom的年龄改为18

（5）查询表stuInfo所有的内容

（6）为bj数据库添加授权用户，允许该用户对bj数据库拥有查询权限、添加权限，用户名为cisco

（7）查看新授权用户cisco对bj数据库的操作权限

（8）为bj数据库的gradeInfo表添加授权用户，名称为h3c，并为该用户授予查询权限；只允许用户从10.1.1.1这台机器上登录

（9）撤销cisco用户对bj数据库的查询权限；

（10）分别使用cisco用户和h3c用户登录mysql数据库，测试用户的权限

（11）备份mysql中的所有数据库，将数据库备份到单独硬盘分区上，分区名称为/bak

（12）将bj库删除，从备份文件中恢复该数据库

1安装mysqld服务

# yum install mysql* -y

2生成mysql配置文件

# cp my.cnf my.cnf.bak

# cp /usr/share/doc/mysql-server-5.1.61/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

cp：是否覆盖"/etc/my.cnf"？ y

3启动mysqld服务

# /etc/init.d/mysqld start

初始化 MySQL 数据库： Installing MySQL system tables...

正在启动 mysqld： [确定]

4登录mysql

# mysql

5创建一个名称为bj的数据库

mysql> create database bj;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

6在bj数据库分别创建两个表stuInfo gradeInfo

mysql> use bj

Database changed

mysql> create table stuInfo(

-> Id int primary key,

-> Name varchar(30) not null,

-> Age int not null,

-> Sex char(2));

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)

mysql> create table gradeInfo(

-> Id int primary key,

-> Name varchar(30),

-> Grade varchar(10));

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)

mysql> show tables;

+--------------+

| Tables_in_bj |

+--------------+

| gradeInfo |

| stuInfo |

+--------------+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

7给stuInfo 添加数据

mysql> insert into stuInfo (Id,Name,Age,Sex) values(1,'tom',20,'M');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> insert into stuInfo values(2,'jerry',50,'W');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into stuInfo values(3,'mike',15,'W');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into stuInfo values(4,'john',25,'');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from stuInfo;

+----+-------+-----+------+

| Id | Name | Age | Sex |

+----+-------+-----+------+

| 1 | tom | 20 | M |

| 2 | jerry | 50 | W |

| 3 | mike | 15 | W |

| 4 | john | 25 | |

+----+-------+-----+------+

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

8给gradeInfo添加数据

mysql> insert into gradeInfo(Id,Name,Grade) values(1,'tom','s1');

mysql> insert into gradeInfo(Id,Name,Grade) values(2,'jerry','s2');

mysql> insert into gradeInfo(Id,Name,Grade) values(3,'mike','s3');

mysql> insert into gradeInfo(Id,Name,Grade) values(4,'john','s1');

mysql> select * from gradeInfo

-> ;

+----+-------+-------+

| Id | Name | Grade |

+----+-------+-------+

| 1 | tom | s1 |

| 2 | jerry | s2 |

| 3 | mike | s3 |

| 4 | john | s1 |

+----+-------+-------+

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

9删除表中姓名为mike的数据

mysql> delete from stuInfo where Name='mike';

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.08 sec)

mysql> delete from gradeInfo where Name='mike';

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from stuInfo;

+----+-------+-----+------+

| Id | Name | Age | Sex |

+----+-------+-----+------+

| 1 | tom | 20 | M |

| 2 | jerry | 50 | W |

| 4 | john | 25 | |

+----+-------+-----+------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from gradeInfo;

+----+-------+-------+

| Id | Name | Grade |

+----+-------+-------+

| 1 | tom | s1 |

| 2 | jerry | s2 |

| 4 | john | s1 |

+----+-------+-------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

10将姓名为tom的年龄改为18

mysql> update stuInfo set Age=18 where Name='tom';

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)

Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

11查询表stuInfo所有的内容

mysql> select * from stuInfo

-> ;

+----+-------+-----+------+

| Id | Name | Age | Sex |

+----+-------+-----+------+

| 1 | tom | 18 | M |

| 2 | jerry | 50 | W |

| 4 | john | 25 | |

+----+-------+-----+------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

12为bj数据库添加授权用户，允许该用户对bj数据库拥有查询权限、添加权限，用户名为cisco

mysql> grant select,insert on bj.* to 'cisco'@'localhost' identified by "redhat";

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

13查看新授权用户cisco对bj数据库的操作权限

mysql> show grants for 'cisco'@'localhost';

+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

| Grants for cisco@localhost |

+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'cisco'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*84BB5DF4823DA319BBF86C99624479A198E6EEE9' |

| GRANT SELECT, INSERT ON `bj`.* TO 'cisco'@'localhost' |

+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

14为bj数据库的gradeInfo表添加授权用户，名称为h3c，并为该用户授予查询权限；只允许用户从10.1.1.1这台机器上登录

mysql> grant select on bj.gradeInfo to 'h3c'@'10.1.1.1';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

15撤销cisco用户对bj数据库的查询权限

mysql> revoke select on bj.* from 'cisco'@'localhost';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

16分别使用cisco用户和h3c用户登录mysql数据库，测试用户的权限

# mysql -u cisco -p

Enter password:

mysql> select * from bj.stuInfo;

ERROR 1142 (42000): SELECT command denied to user 'cisco'@'localhost' for table 'stuInfo'

mysql> insert into bj.stuInfo values(3,'mike',15,'W');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

# mysql -u h3c

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| test |

+--------------------+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

//不创建密码只能看到module

mysql> grant select on bj.* to 'h3c'@'10.1.1.1' identified by "redhat";

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

17备份mysql中的所有数据库，将数据库备份到单独硬盘分区上，分区名称为/bak

# mkdir /bak（没单独加硬盘，暂时备份在新文件夹中）

# mysqladmin -u root -p password "redhat"

Enter password:

# mysqldump -u root -p --all-databases >/bak/DB_all.bk

Enter password:

# cd /bak/

# ls

DB_all.bk

18将bj库删除，从备份文件中恢复该数据库

mysql> drop database bj;

Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> create database bj; //不要忘了创建出bj库才能恢复

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

[root@localhost.localdomain /bak]

# mysql -u root -p bj < /bak/DB_all.bk

Enter password:

mysql> show tables;

+--------------+

| Tables_in_bj |

+--------------+

| gradeInfo |

| stuInfo |

+--------------+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

² 搭建LAMP

一使用rpm包搭建

1安装httpd，mysql，php

# yum install httpd* mysql* php* -y

2修改httpd的配置文件

ServerName www.bj.com

DirectoryIndex index.html index.html.var index.php

2启动httpd，mysqld

# /etc/init.d/httpd start

# /etc/init.d/mysqld start

3在httpd的网页根目录下创建测试文件testsql.php，测试httpd，mysql，php协同工作

# vim /var/www/html/testsql.php

<?php

$link=mysql_connect('localhost','root','redhat');

if($link) echo "successfully";

mysql_close();

二使用开源包搭建LAMP

1卸载原来安装的httpd包，并查看程序用户daemon是否存在

# rpm -qa | grep httpd

httpd-tools-2.2.15-15.el6_2.1.i686

httpd-2.2.15-15.el6_2.1.i686

# rpm -e --nodeps httpd-tools httpd

# cat /etc/passwd | grep daemon

daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin

2解压缩开源httpd包

# tar zxvf httpd-2.2.17.tar.gz

3预编译，配置

# cd httpd-2.2.17

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --enable-so --enable-rewrite --enable-cgi --enable-charset-lite

4编译成内核识别语言

make

5安装到系统目录

make install

6备份并修改httpd的配置文件

# cp /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf.bak

# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf

ServerAdmin mymail@163.com

ServerName www.bj.com

DirectoryIndex index.html

ServerRoot "/usr/local/apache"

DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs"

7启动httpd服务并加入到系统自启动

# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start

# vim /etc/rc.d/rc.local

touch /var/lock/subsys/local

/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start

8验证

# netstat -antp | grep :80

tcp 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 28418/httpd

9卸载原来安装的mysql包，并查看程序用户mysql

# rpm -qa | grep mysql

mysql-libs-5.1.61-4.el6.i686

# rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs

# cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql

# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql

10解压缩mysql开源包

# tar zxvf mysql-5.1.55.tar.gz

11配置

# cd mysql-5.1.55

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-charset=utf8 --with-collation=utf8_general_ci --with-extra-charsets=gbk,gb2312 --with-unix-socket-path=/tmp/mysql.sock

12编译和安装

make && make install

13生成配置文件并备份

# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

# cp /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak

14初始化数据库

# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql

15修改属组和属主

# chown -R root:mysql /usr/local/mysql/

# chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/var/

16生成mysql控制服务脚本

#cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

# chmod a+x /etc/init.d/mysqld

# chkconfig --add /etc/init.d/mysqld

17建立mysql命令软连接

# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/bin/

18修改库文件目录保证其他软件和mysql协同工作

# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql/* /usr/local/lib/

# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include/mysql/* /usr/local/include/

19启动mysql并测试

# /etc/init.d/mysqld start

# netstat -antp | grep :3306

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 14843/mysqld

20卸载原来安装的php包

# rpm -qa | grep php

21安装加密组件

# tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz

# cd libmcrypt-2.5.8

# ./configure

# make && make install

# ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.* /usr/lib

22安装认证工具

# tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz

# cd mhash-0.9.9.9

# ./configure

# make && make install

# ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash* /usr/lib

23安装加密工具

# tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz

# cd mcrypt-2.6.8

# ./configure

# make && make install

24安装php软件

# tar zxvf php-5.3.6.tar.gz

# cd php-5.3.6

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mcrypt --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/ --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php --enable-mbstring

# make && make install

25生成php配置文件并备份

# cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php/php.ini

# cp /usr/local/php/php.ini /usr/local/php/php.ini.bak

26为php添加ZendGuardLoader模块，并复制到php安装目录下的lib/php文件夹下

# cp /software/ZendGuardLoader.so /usr/local/php/lib/php/

27修改php配置文件使其支持ZendGuardLoader模块

# vim /usr/local/php/php.ini

zend_extension=/usr/local/php/lib/php/ZendGuardLoader.so

zend_loader_enable=1

28修改httpd配置文件使其与php协同工作

# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf