Difference between Android Service,Thread,IntentService and AsyncTask

本文对比了Android中Service、Thread、IntentService与AsyncTask四种处理后台任务的方式,详细阐述了它们各自的适用场景、触发方式、运行线程以及局限性。

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Service
Thread
IntentService
AsyncTask
When to use ?
Task with no UI, but shouldn't be too long. Use threads within service for long tasks.
- Long task in general.

- For tasks in parallel use Multiple threads (traditional mechanisms)
- Long task usually with no communication to main thread.
(Update)- If communication is required, can use main thread handler or broadcast intents

- When callbacks are needed (Intent triggered tasks). 
- Small task having to communicate with main thread.

- For tasks in parallel use multiple instances OR Executor
 
Trigger
Call to method
onStartService()
Thread start() method
Intent
Call to method execute()
Triggered From (thread)
Any thread
Any Thread
Main Thread (Intent is received on main thread and then worker thread is spawed)
Main Thread
Runs On (thread)
Main Thread
Its own thread
Separate worker thread
Worker thread. However, Main thread methods may be invoked in between to publish progress.
Limitations /
Drawbacks
May block main thread
- Manual thread management

- Code may become difficult to read
- Cannot run tasks in parallel.

- Multiple intents are queued on the same worker thread.
- one instance can only be executed once (hence cannot run in a loop) 

- Must be created and executed from the Main thread

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