这是本学期期末的C语言课设,主题是“学生信息管理系统”。自定义的主函数主要有9个。
关于文件保存的2个:read()和save();关于实现功能的7个:search()input()del()edit()sort()allprintf();预览的menu()
这里的学生信息只包括了:学号、姓名、年龄、性别、地址、电话、邮箱、生日。出了学号以外全部都是char型,学号之所以是int型因为后面的冒泡排序还要用到。而且对性别和电话还有字符串长度上限的要求!
以下是源代码:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
int base = 0;
FILE* fp;
struct student { // 结构体
int number;
char name[10];
char age[5];
char gender[3];
char birthday[15];
char address[20];
char phone[12];
char mail[20];
} s[100];
void read() { // 子函数_读取文件内容到结构体
if (fopen_s(&fp, "123.txt", "r") != NULL) {
printf("文件读取错误\n");
exit(0);
}
while (!feof(fp)) {
base++;
fscanf(fp, "%d%s%s%s%s%s%s%s", &s[base].number, s[base].name,
s[base].age, s[base].gender, s[base].birthday, s[base].address,
s[base].phone, s[base].mail);
}
fclose(fp);
return;
}
void menu() { // 子函数_菜单
printf("\n");
printf(" <<<<<<<<<<欢迎使用学生信息管理系统!>>>>>>>>>>\n");
printf(" <<<<<<<<<<请进行下方功能的选择>>>>>>>>>>\n");
printf(" ——————————<1>查看——<2>录入————————\n");
printf(" ——————————<3>编辑——<4>删除————————\n");
printf(" ——————————<5>排序——<6>保存退出——————\n");
printf(" ——————————<7>查看全体————————————\n");
return;
}
void search() { // 子函数_搜索<1>
int search_chose, i, search_number, temp = 0;
char search_name[10];
printf(" ——————————<1>按学号查找——————————\n");
printf(" ——————————<2>按姓名查找——————————\n");
scanf("%d", &search_chose);
switch (search_chose) {
case 1: {
printf("请输入要查找的学号");
scanf("%d", &search_number);
for (i = 1; i <= base; i++)
if (search_number == s[i].number) {
temp = 1;
printf("学号:%d\t姓名:%s\t年龄:%s\n", s[i].number,
s[i].name, s[i].age);
printf("性别:%s\t生日:%s\t地址:%s\n", s[i].gender,
s[i].birthday, s[i].address);
printf("电话:%s\t邮箱:%s\n", s[i].phone, s[i].mail);
}
if (temp == 0)
printf("很抱歉查无此人\n");
} break;
case 2: {
printf("请输入要查找的姓名");
getchar();
gets_s(search_name);
for (i = 1; i <= base; i++)
if (strcmp(search_name, s[i].name) == 0) {
temp = 1;
printf("学号:%d\t姓名:%s\t年龄:%s\n", s[i].number,
s[i].name, s[i].age);
printf("性别:%s\t生日:%s\t地址:%s\n", s[i].gender,
s[i].birthday, s[i].address);
printf("电话:%s\t邮箱:%s\n", s[i].phone, s[i].mail);
}
if (temp == 0)
printf("很抱歉查无此人\n");
} break;
default:
printf("请输入有效数字!");
break;
}
printf("已重新回到主菜单!\n");
return;
}
void input() { // 子函数_录入<2>
if ((fopen_s(&fp, "123.txt", "a")) != NULL) {
printf("不能打开文件");
exit(1);
}
printf("\t请输入学号:\n");
scanf("%d", &s[base].number);
getchar();
printf("\t请输入姓名:\n");
gets_s(s[base].name);
printf("\t请输入年龄:\n");
gets_s(s[base].age);
printf("\t请输入性别:\n");
gets_s(s[base].gender);
printf("\t请输入生日,如2020/1/1:\n");
gets_s(s[base].birthday);
printf("\t请输入地址:\n");
gets_s(s[base].address);
printf("\t请输入电话:\n");
gets_s(s[base].phone);
printf("\t请输入邮箱:\n");
gets_s(s[base].mail);
printf("录入结束\n");
fclose(fp);
base++;
printf("已返回主菜单\n");
printf("录入后必须保存!!!!!!!\n");
return;
}
void edit() { // 子函数_编辑<3>
int i, edit_chose, temp = 0, edit_number;
printf(
" "
"请根据学号找到要编辑的对象,如果不知道学号请先使用搜索功能\n");
printf(" 请输入要查找对象的学号\n");
scanf("%d", &edit_number);
for (i = 1; i <= base; i++)
if (edit_number == s[i].number) {
printf("列表中存在此人");
temp = 1;
printf(" <<<<<<<<<<请选择要编辑对象的内容>>>>>>>>>>\n");
printf("——————————<1>学号——<2>姓名————————\n");
printf("——————————<3>年龄——<4>性别————————\n");
printf("——————————<5>生日——<6>地址————————\n");
printf("——————————<7>电话——<8>邮箱————————\n");
scanf("%d", &edit_chose);
switch (edit_chose) {
case 1: {
printf("输入更新后的学号");
scanf("%d", &s[i].number);
} break;
case 2: {
printf("输入更新后的姓名");
scanf("%s", s[i].name);
} break;
case 3: {
printf("输入更新后的年龄");
scanf("%s", s[i].age);
} break;
case 4: {
printf("输入更新后的性别");
scanf("%s", s[i].gender);
} break;
case 5: {
printf("输入更新后的生日");
scanf("%s", s[i].birthday);
} break;
case 6: {
printf("输入更新后的地址");
scanf("%s", s[i].address);
} break;
case 7: {
printf("输入更新后的电话");
scanf("%s", s[i].phone);
} break;
case 8: {
printf("输入更新后的邮箱");
scanf("%s", s[i].mail);
} break;
default:
printf("请输入有效数字");
break;
}
}
if (temp == 0)
printf("很抱歉,此人不存在");
printf("编辑后必须保存!!!!!!!\n");
return;
}
void del() { // 子函数_删除<4>
int i, j;
int del_number;
printf("请根据学号找到要删除的对象,如果不知道学号请先使用搜索功能\n");
printf("请输入要删除对象的学号:\n");
scanf("%d", &del_number);
for (i = 1; i <= base; i++)
if (del_number == s[i].number)
for (j = i; j <= base - 1; j++) {
s[j].number = s[j + 1].number;
strcpy(s[j].name, s[j + 1].name);
strcpy(s[j].age, s[j + 1].age);
strcpy(s[j].gender, s[j + 1].gender);
strcpy(s[j].birthday, s[j + 1].birthday);
strcpy(s[j].address, s[j + 1].address);
strcpy(s[j].phone, s[j + 1].phone);
strcpy(s[j].mail, s[j + 1].mail);
}
printf("删除后必须保存!!!!!!!\n");
base--;
}
void sort() { // 子函数_排序<5>
int i, j, temp;
char stand[20];
printf("将要对学号进行排序:\n");
for (i = 0; i < base; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < base - i - 1; j++) {
if (s[j].number > s[j + 1].number) {
temp = s[j + 1].number;
s[j + 1].number = s[j].number;
s[j].number = temp;
strcpy(stand, s[j].name);
strcpy(s[j].name, s[j + 1].name);
strcpy(s[j + 1].name, stand);
strcpy(stand, s[j].age);
strcpy(s[j].age, s[j + 1].age);
strcpy(s[j + 1].age, stand);
strcpy(stand, s[j].gender);
strcpy(s[j].gender, s[j + 1].gender);
strcpy(s[j + 1].gender, stand);
strcpy(stand, s[j].birthday);
strcpy(s[j].birthday, s[j + 1].birthday);
strcpy(s[j + 1].birthday, stand);
strcpy(stand, s[j].address);
strcpy(s[j].address, s[j + 1].address);
strcpy(s[j + 1].address, stand);
strcpy(stand, s[j].phone);
strcpy(s[j].phone, s[j + 1].phone);
strcpy(s[j + 1].phone, stand);
strcpy(stand, s[j].mail);
strcpy(s[j].mail, s[j + 1].mail);
strcpy(s[j + 1].mail, stand);
}
}
}
return;
}
void save() { // 子函数_保存<6>
int i;
if (fopen_s(&fp, "123.txt", "w+") != NULL) {
printf("文件读取错误");
exit(0);
}
{
for (i = 1; i <= base - 1; i++) {
fprintf(fp, "%d\t", s[i].number);
fprintf(fp, "%s\t", s[i].name);
fprintf(fp, "%s\t", s[i].age);
fprintf(fp, "%s\t", s[i].gender);
fprintf(fp, "%s\t", s[i].birthday);
fprintf(fp, "%s\t", s[i].address);
fprintf(fp, "%s\t", s[i].phone);
fprintf(fp, "%s\n", s[i].mail);
}
fclose(fp);
}
return;
}
void allprintf() { // 子函数_查看全体<7>
int i;
for (i = 1; i < base; i++) {
printf("学号:%d\t姓名:%s\t年龄:%s\n", s[i].number, s[i].name,
s[i].age);
printf("性别:%s\t生日:%s\t地址:%s\n", s[i].gender, s[i].birthday,
s[i].address);
printf("电话:%s\t邮箱:%s\n", s[i].phone, s[i].mail);
printf("\n");
printf("\n");
}
return;
}
int main() { // 主函数
int chose;
struct student s[100];
read();
while (1) {
printf(
" ---------------------------------------------------------------"
"-------\n");
menu();
scanf("%d", &chose);
switch (chose) {
case 1:
search();
break;
case 2:
input();
break;
case 3:
edit();
break;
case 4:
del();
break;
case 5:
sort();
break;
case 6: {
save();
exit(1);
} break;
case 7:
allprintf();
break;
default: {
printf("请输入有效数字!");
exit(1);
break;
}
}
}
return 0;
}
本博客介绍了一个基于C语言的学生信息管理系统,系统包括学生基本信息的录入、查询、编辑、删除、排序等功能。通过结构体存储学生信息,利用文件操作实现数据的持久化存储。
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