本文介绍了一个用于PDA上读取GPS卫星信号的类，提供了获取经纬度、海拔、速度及连接卫星数等功能。通过调用特定方法，可以轻松实现GPS数据的读取。
http://www.cnblogs.com/anhlyiling/archive/2008/12/04/1347623.html
在PDA中获取GPS信息。
近日一个项目需要用在PDA上读
取GPS卫星信号，在网上搜了一圈，整理出一个GPS的类，大家可以直接加入项目
使用。可以获得当前的经纬度、海拔、速度、连接卫星数等信息
1
using System;2
using System.Collections.Generic;3
using System.Text;4
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;5
6
namespace AnhlYiling7
{
8
public class GPS 9
{
10
11
public string PortNum; 12
public int BaudRate;13
public byte ByteSize;14
public byte Parity; // 0-4=no,odd,even,mark,space 15
public byte StopBits; // 0,1,2 = 1, 1.5, 2 16
public int ReadTimeout;17
18
// comm port win32 file handle 19
private int hComm = - 1 ;20
21
public bool Opened = false ;22
23
// win32 api constants 24
private const uint GENERIC_READ = 0x80000000 ;25
private const uint GENERIC_WRITE = 0x40000000 ;26
private const int OPEN_EXISTING = 3 ; 27
private const int INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE = - 1 ;28
29
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]30
public struct DCB 31
{32
// taken from c struct in platform sdk 33
public int DCBlength; // sizeof(DCB) 34
public int BaudRate; // 指定当前波特率 current baud rate35
// these are the c struct bit fields, bit twiddle flag to set 36
public int fBinary; // 指定是否允许二进制模式,在windows95中必须主TRUE binary mode, no EOF check 37
public int fParity; // 指定是否允许奇偶校验 enable parity checking 38
public int fOutxCtsFlow; // 指定CTS是否用于检测发送控制，当为TRUE是CTS为OFF，发送将被挂起。 CTS output flow control 39
public int fOutxDsrFlow; // 指定CTS是否用于检测发送控制 DSR output flow control 40
public int fDtrControl; // DTR_CONTROL_DISABLE值将DTR置为OFF, DTR_CONTROL_ENABLE值将DTR置为ON, DTR_CONTROL_HANDSHAKE允许DTR"握手" DTR flow control type 41
public int fDsrSensitivity; // 当该值为TRUE时DSR为OFF时接收的字节被忽略 DSR sensitivity 42
public int fTXContinueOnXoff; // 指 定当接收缓冲区已满,并且驱动程序已经发送出XoffChar字符时发送是否停止。TRUE时，在接收缓冲区接收到缓冲区已满的字节XoffLim且驱动 程序已经发送出XoffChar字符中止接收字节之后，发送继续进行。 FALSE时，在接收缓冲区接收到代表缓冲区已空的字节XonChar且驱动程序 已经发送出恢复发送的XonChar之后，发送继续进行。XOFF continues Tx 43
public int fOutX; // TRUE时，接收到XoffChar之后便停止发送接收到XonChar之后将重新开始 XON/XOFF out flow control 44
public int fInX; // TRUE时，接收缓冲区接收到代表缓冲区满的XoffLim之后，XoffChar发送出去接收缓冲区接收到代表缓冲区空的XonLim之后，XonChar发送出去 XON/XOFF in flow control 45
public int fErrorChar; // 该值为TRUE且fParity为TRUE时，用ErrorChar 成员指定的字符代替奇偶校验错误的接收字符 enable error replacement 46
public int fNull; // eTRUE时，接收时去掉空（0值）字节 enable null stripping 47
public int fRtsControl; // RTS flow control 48
/* RTS_CONTROL_DISABLE时,RTS置为OFF49
RTS_CONTROL_ENABLE时, RTS置为ON50
RTS_CONTROL_HANDSHAKE时,51
当接收缓冲区小于半满时RTS为ON52
当接收缓冲区超过四分之三满时RTS为OFF53
RTS_CONTROL_TOGGLE时,54
当接收缓冲区仍有剩余字节时RTS为ON ,否则缺省为OFF */ 55
56
public int fAbortOnError; // TRUE时,有错误发生时中止读和写操作 abort on error 57
public int fDummy2; // 未使用 reserved 58
59
public uint flags;60
public ushort wReserved; // 未使用,必须为0 not currently used 61
public ushort XonLim; // 指定在XON字符发送这前接收缓冲区中可允许的最小字节数 transmit XON threshold 62
public ushort XoffLim; // 指定在XOFF字符发送这前接收缓冲区中可允许的最小字节数 transmit XOFF threshold 63
public byte ByteSize; // 指定端口当前使用的数据位 number of bits/byte, 4-8 64
public byte Parity; // 指定端口当前使用的奇偶校验方法,可能为:EVENPARITY,MARKPARITY,NOPARITY,ODDPARITY 0-4=no,odd,even,mark,space 65
public byte StopBits; // 指定端口当前使用的停止位数,可能为:ONESTOPBIT,ONE5STOPBITS,TWOSTOPBITS 0,1,2 = 1, 1.5, 2 66
public char XonChar; // 指定用于发送和接收字符XON的值 Tx and Rx XON character 67
public char XoffChar; // 指定用于发送和接收字符XOFF值 Tx and Rx XOFF character 68
public char ErrorChar; // 本字符用来代替接收到的奇偶校验发生错误时的值 error replacement character 69
public char EofChar; // 当没有使用二进制模式时,本字符可用来指示数据的结束 end of input character 70
public char EvtChar; // 当接收到此字符时,会产生一个事件 received event character 71
public ushort wReserved1; // 未使用 reserved; do not use 72
} 73
74
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]75
private struct COMMTIMEOUTS 76
{ 77
public int ReadIntervalTimeout; 78
public int ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier; 79
public int ReadTotalTimeoutConstant; 80
public int WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier; 81
public int WriteTotalTimeoutConstant; 82
} 83
84
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] 85
private struct OVERLAPPED 86
{ 87
public int Internal; 88
public int InternalHigh; 89
public int Offset; 90
public int OffsetHigh; 91
public int hEvent; 92
} 93
94
[DllImport( " coredll.dll " )]95
private static extern int CreateFile(96
string lpFileName, // 要打开的串口名称 97
uint dwDesiredAccess, // 指定串口的访问方式，一般设置为可读可写方式 98
int dwShareMode, // 指定串口的共享模式，串口不能共享，所以设置为0 99
int lpSecurityAttributes, // 设置串口的安全属性，WIN9X下不支持，应设为NULL 100
int dwCreationDisposition, // 对于串口通信，创建方式只能为OPEN_EXISTING 101
int dwFlagsAndAttributes, // 指定串口属性与标志，设置为FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED(重叠I/O操作)，指定串口以异步方式通信 102
int hTemplateFile // 对于串口通信必须设置为NULL 103
);104
[DllImport( " coredll.dll " )]105
private static extern bool GetCommState(106
int hFile, // 通信设备句柄 107
ref DCB lpDCB // 设备控制块DCB 108
); 109
[DllImport( " coredll.dll " )]110
private static extern bool BuildCommDCB(111
string lpDef, // 设备控制字符串 112
ref DCB lpDCB // 设备控制块 113
);114
[DllImport( " coredll.dll " )]115
private static extern bool SetCommState(116
int hFile, // 通信设备句柄 117
ref DCB lpDCB // 设备控制块 118
);119
[DllImport( " coredll.dll " )]120
private static extern bool GetCommTimeouts(121
int hFile, // 通信设备句柄 handle to comm device 122
ref COMMTIMEOUTS lpCommTimeouts // 超时时间 time-out values 123
); 124
[DllImport( " coredll.dll " )] 125
private static extern bool SetCommTimeouts(126
int hFile, // 通信设备句柄 handle to comm device 127
ref COMMTIMEOUTS lpCommTimeouts // 超时时间 time-out values 128
);129
[DllImport( " coredll.dll " )]130
private static extern bool ReadFile(131
int hFile, // 通信设备句柄 handle to file 132
byte [] lpBuffer, // 数据缓冲区 data buffer 133
int nNumberOfBytesToRead, // 多少字节等待读取 number of bytes to read 134
ref int lpNumberOfBytesRead, // 读取多少字节 number of bytes read 135
ref OVERLAPPED lpOverlapped // 溢出缓冲区 overlapped buffer 136
);137
[DllImport( " coredll.dll " )] 138
private static extern bool WriteFile(139
int hFile, // 通信设备句柄 handle to file 140
byte [] lpBuffer, // 数据缓冲区 data buffer 141
int nNumberOfBytesToWrite, // 多少字节等待写入 number of bytes to write 142
ref int lpNumberOfBytesWritten, // 已经写入多少字节 number of bytes written 143
ref OVERLAPPED lpOverlapped // 溢出缓冲区 overlapped buffer 144
);145
[DllImport( " coredll.dll " )]146
private static extern bool CloseHandle(147
int hObject // handle to object 148
);149
[DllImport( " coredll.dll " )]150
private static extern uint GetLastError();151
152
public void Open()153
{154
155
DCB dcbCommPort = new DCB();156
COMMTIMEOUTS ctoCommPort = new COMMTIMEOUTS(); 157
158
// 打开串口 OPEN THE COMM PORT. 159
hComm = CreateFile(PortNum ,GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, 0 , 0 ,OPEN_EXISTING, 0 , 0 );160
// 如果串口没有打开，就打开 IF THE PORT CANNOT BE OPENED, BAIL OUT. 161
if (hComm == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) 162
{163
throw ( new ApplicationException( " 非法操作，不能打开串口！ " ));164
} 165
166
// 设置通信超时时间 SET THE COMM TIMEOUTS. 167
GetCommTimeouts(hComm, ref ctoCommPort);168
ctoCommPort.ReadTotalTimeoutConstant = ReadTimeout;169
ctoCommPort.ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 0 ;170
ctoCommPort.WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 0 ;171
ctoCommPort.WriteTotalTimeoutConstant = 0 ; 172
SetCommTimeouts(hComm, ref ctoCommPort);173
174
// 设置串口 SET BAUD RATE, PARITY, WORD SIZE, AND STOP BITS. 175
GetCommState(hComm, ref dcbCommPort);176
dcbCommPort.BaudRate = BaudRate;177
dcbCommPort.flags = 0 ;178
// dcb.fBinary=1; 179
dcbCommPort.flags |= 1 ;180
if (Parity > 0 )181
{182
// dcb.fParity=1 183
dcbCommPort.flags |= 2 ;184
} 185
dcbCommPort.Parity = Parity;186
dcbCommPort.ByteSize = ByteSize;187
dcbCommPort.StopBits = StopBits;188
if ( ! SetCommState(hComm, ref dcbCommPort))189
{190
// uint ErrorNum=GetLastError(); 191
throw ( new ApplicationException( " 非法操作，不能打开串口！ " ));192
} 193
// unremark to see if setting took correctly194
// DCB dcbCommPort2 = new DCB();195
// GetCommState(hComm, ref dcbCommPort2); 196
Opened = true ;197
} 198
199
public void Close() 200
{201
if (hComm != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) 202
{203
CloseHandle(hComm);204
} 205
} 206
207
public byte [] Read( int NumBytes) 208
{209
byte [] BufBytes;210
byte [] OutBytes;211
BufBytes = new byte [NumBytes];212
if (hComm != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) 213
{214
OVERLAPPED ovlCommPort = new OVERLAPPED();215
int BytesRead = 0 ;216
ReadFile(hComm,BufBytes,NumBytes, ref BytesRead, ref ovlCommPort);217
try 218
{219
OutBytes = new byte [BytesRead];220
Array.Copy(BufBytes, 0 ,OutBytes, 0 ,BytesRead);221
} 222
catch 223
{224
return BufBytes;225
} 226
227
} 228
else 229
{230
throw ( new ApplicationException( " 串口未打开！ " ));231
} 232
return OutBytes;233
// return BufBytes; 234
} 235
236
public void Write( byte [] WriteBytes) 237
{238
if (hComm != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) 239
{240
OVERLAPPED ovlCommPort = new OVERLAPPED();241
int BytesWritten = 0 ;242
WriteFile(hComm,WriteBytes,WriteBytes.Length, ref BytesWritten, ref ovlCommPort);243
} 244
else 245
{246
throw ( new ApplicationException( " 串口未打开！ " ));247
} 248
} 249
250
public string GetGPS( string hander, string strGPS, string strFind)251
{252
/// 从GPS中读取的数据中,找出想要的数据253
/// GPSstring原始字符串，254
/// strFind要查找的内容,X:经度，Y：纬度，T：时间，V：速度，N 当前可用卫星数量,H 当前海拔255
/// 返回查找到指定位置的字符串 256
if (hander.Equals( " $GPRMC " ))257
{258
string handerStr = hander; // GPS串头 259
int findHander = strGPS.IndexOf(handerStr); // 看是否含有GPS串头 260
if (findHander < 0 )261
{262
return " -1 " ;263
} 264
else 265
{266
strGPS = strGPS.Substring(findHander, strGPS.Length - findHander);267
string [] ArryTmp = strGPS.Split( " , " .ToCharArray());268
try 269
{270
if (ArryTmp[ 2 ] == " V " )271
{272
return " GPS没有信号 " ; // 没有信号 273
} 274
else 275
{276
switch (strFind)277
{278
case " X " :279
return DM2DD(ArryTmp[ 5 ]);280
281
case " Y " :282
return DM2DD(ArryTmp[ 3 ]);283
284
case " T " :285
return T2Time(ArryTmp[ 9 ], ArryTmp[ 1 ]);286
287
case " V " :288
return Convert.ToString(Convert.ToDouble(ArryTmp[ 7 ]) * 1.852 );289
290
case " K " :291
return ArryTmp[ 7 ];292
default :293
return " V " ;294
295
} 296
} 297
} 298
catch 299
{300
return " V " ;301
} 302
} 303
} 304
else if (hander.Equals( " $GPGGA " ))305
{306
string handerStr = hander; // GPS串头 307
int findHander = strGPS.IndexOf(handerStr); // 看是否含有GPS串头 308
if (findHander < 0 )309
{310
return " -1 " ;311
} 312
else 313
{314
strGPS = strGPS.Substring(findHander, strGPS.Length - findHander);315
string [] ArryTmp = strGPS.Split( " , " .ToCharArray());316
switch (strFind)317
{318
case " N " :319
return ArryTmp[ 7 ];320
case " H " :321
return ArryTmp[ 9 ];322
default :323
return " 无法解析的命令. " ;324
} 325
} 326
} 327
328
return null ;329
330
} 331
332
public string T2Time( string strDate, string strTime)333
{334
string dT = " 20 " + strDate.Substring( 4 , 2 ) + " - " + strDate.Substring( 2 , 2 ) + " - " + strDate.Substring( 0 , 2 );335
string TT = Convert.ToString(Convert.ToInt32(strTime.Substring( 0 , 2 ))) + " : " + strTime.Substring( 2 , 2 ) + " : " + strTime.Substring( 4 , 2 );336
DateTime T = Convert.ToDateTime(dT + " " + TT);337
T = T.AddHours( 8 );338
return T.ToString();339
} 340
341
public string DM2DD( string DegreeMinutes)342
{343
// 转换NMEA协议的“度分”格式为十进制“度度”格式 344
string sDegree;345
string sMinute;346
string sReturn = "" ;347
if (DegreeMinutes.IndexOf( " . " ) == 4 )348
{349
// DegreeMinutes = Replace(DegreeMinutes, ".", "")350
// DM2DD = CDbl(Left(DegreeMinutes, 2)) + CDbl(Left(CStr(CDbl(Right(DegreeMinutes, Len(DegreeMinutes) - 2)) / 60), 8)) / 10000 351
DegreeMinutes = DegreeMinutes.Replace( " . " , "" );352
double sDegree1 = Convert.ToDouble(DegreeMinutes.Substring( 0 , 2 ));353
double sDegree2 = Convert.ToDouble(DegreeMinutes.Substring( 2 ,DegreeMinutes.Length - 2 ));354
string sTmp = Convert.ToString(sDegree2 / 60 );355
sDegree2 = Convert.ToDouble(sTmp.Substring( 0 ,sTmp.Length));356
sDegree2 = sDegree2 / 10000 ;357
sDegree = Convert.ToString(sDegree1 + sDegree2);358
if (sDegree.Length > 11 )359
sDegree = sDegree.Substring( 0 , 11 );360
sReturn = sDegree;361
} 362
else if (DegreeMinutes.IndexOf( " . " ) == 5 )363
{364
// DegreeMinutes = Replace(DegreeMinutes, ".", "")365
// DM2DD = CDbl(Left(DegreeMinutes, 2)) + CDbl(Left(CStr(CDbl(Right(DegreeMinutes, Len(DegreeMinutes) - 2)) / 60), 8)) / 10000 366
DegreeMinutes = DegreeMinutes.Replace( " . " , "" );367
double sMinute1 = Convert.ToDouble(DegreeMinutes.Substring( 0 , 3 ));368
double sMinute2 = Convert.ToDouble(DegreeMinutes.Substring( 3 ,DegreeMinutes.Length - 3 ));369
string sTmp = Convert.ToString(sMinute2 / 60 );370
sMinute2 = Convert.ToDouble(sTmp.Substring( 0 ,sTmp.Length));371
sMinute2 = sMinute2 / 10000 ;372
sMinute = Convert.ToString(sMinute1 + sMinute2);373
if (sMinute.Length > 10 )374
sMinute = sMinute.Substring( 0 , 10 );375
sReturn = sMinute;376
} 377
return sReturn;378
} 379
380
public bool ScanPort()381
{382
383
try 384
{385
if (Opened)386
{387
Close();388
Open();389
} 390
else 391
{392
Open(); // 打开串口 393
394
} 395
byte [] bytRead = Read( 512 );396
Close();397
if (Encoding.ASCII.GetString(bytRead, 0 ,bytRead.Length).IndexOf( " $GP " ) >= 0 )398
return true ;399
else 400
return false ;401
} 402
catch 403
{404
return false ;405
} 406
407
} 408
} 409
410
class HexCon 411
{412
// 把十六进制字符串转换成字节型和把字节型转换成十六进制字符串 converter hex string to byte and byte to hex string 413
public static string ByteToString( byte [] InBytes) 414
{415
string StringOut = "" ;416
foreach ( byte InByte in InBytes) 417
{418
StringOut = StringOut + String.Format( " {0:X2} " ,InByte);419
} 420
return StringOut; 421
} 422
public static byte [] StringToByte( string InString) 423
{424
string [] ByteStrings;425
ByteStrings = InString.Split( " " .ToCharArray());426
byte [] ByteOut;427
ByteOut = new byte [ByteStrings.Length - 1 ];428
for ( int i = 0 ;i == ByteStrings.Length - 1 ;i ++ ) 429
{430
ByteOut[i] = Convert.ToByte(( " 0x " + ByteStrings[i]));431
} 432
return ByteOut;433
} 434
435
} 436
} 437
调用很简单：
1
GPS ss_port
=
new
GPS();
2 ss_port.PortNum = " COM4: " ; // 串口号.后面一定要有':'
3 ss_port.BaudRate = 4800 ;
4 ss_port.ByteSize = 8 ;
5 ss_port.Parity = 0 ;
6 ss_port.StopBits = 1 ;
7 ss_port.ReadTimeout = 1000 ;
8
9 try
10 {
11 if (ss_port.Opened)
12 {
13 ss_port.Close();
14 ss_port.Open();
15 timer1.Enabled = true ;
16 }
17 else
18 {
19 ss_port.Open(); // 打开串口
20 label1.Text = " 已打开 " ;
21 timer1.Enabled = true ;
22 }
23
24 }
25 catch (Exception e1)
26 {
27 label1.Text = e1.Message;
28
29 }
2 ss_port.PortNum = " COM4: " ; // 串口号.后面一定要有':'
3 ss_port.BaudRate = 4800 ;
4 ss_port.ByteSize = 8 ;
5 ss_port.Parity = 0 ;
6 ss_port.StopBits = 1 ;
7 ss_port.ReadTimeout = 1000 ;
8
9 try
10 {
11 if (ss_port.Opened)
12 {
13 ss_port.Close();
14 ss_port.Open();
15 timer1.Enabled = true ;
16 }
17 else
18 {
19 ss_port.Open(); // 打开串口
20 label1.Text = " 已打开 " ;
21 timer1.Enabled = true ;
22 }
23
24 }
25 catch (Exception e1)
26 {
27 label1.Text = e1.Message;
28
29 }
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