spring注入方式(3)_spring-injection.xml-优快云博客

本文深入探讨了Spring框架中的Bean注入机制，包括设值注入和构造器注入两种方式，并通过示例展示了如何在实际应用中实现这些注入方法。

2016/1/16 10:02:30

1.Spring注入

Spring注入是指在启动Spring容器加载bean配置的时候，完成对变量的赋值行为
常用的两种注入方式

-设值注入调用类的set方法

-构造注入构造器参数注入的方法

在IOC容器读取XML文档时，初始化bean的时候，为bean的成员变量赋值

设值注入的方式：

XML：spring-injection.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans  xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
        xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" 
        xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" 
        xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" 
        xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd 
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd 
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd 
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd"> 

        <bean id="injectionService" class="com.zjx.service.impl.InjectionServiceImpl">
            <property name="injectionDao" ref="injectionDao"></property>
        </bean>

        <bean id="injectionDao" class="com.zjx.dao.impl.InjectionDaoImpl"></bean>

</beans>

DAO层

package com.zjx.dao.impl;

import com.zjx.dao.InjectionDao;

public class InjectionDaoImpl implements InjectionDao{

    @Override
    public void sava(String data) {
        System.out.println("保存数据："+data);   
    }

}

service层

package com.zjx.service.impl;

import com.zjx.dao.InjectionDao;
import com.zjx.service.InjectionService;

public class InjectionServiceImpl implements InjectionService {

    private InjectionDao injectionDao;

    /**
     * @param injectionDao 持久化接口
     * 设值注入injectionDao
     */
    public void setInjectionDao(InjectionDao injectionDao) {
        this.injectionDao = injectionDao;
    }


    @Override
    public void save(String data) {
        System.out.println("Service接受参数："+data);    
        data = data+":"+this.hashCode();
        injectionDao.sava(data);
    }

}

测试：

package com.zjx.interfaces.test;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner;

import com.zjx.service.InjectionService;

@RunWith(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class TestInjection extends UnitTestBase {
    public TestInjection() {
        super("classpath:spring-injection.xml");
    }
    @Test
    public void test(){
        InjectionService service = super.getBean("injectionService");
        service.save("这是要保存的数据");
    }

}

构造器注入

XML：spring-injection.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans  xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
        xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" 
        xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" 
        xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" 
        xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd 
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd 
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd 
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd"> 

        <bean id="injectionService" class="com.zjx.service.impl.InjectionServiceImpl">
            <constructor-arg name="injectionDao" ref="injectionDao"></constructor-arg>
        </bean>

        <bean id="injectionDao" class="com.zjx.dao.impl.InjectionDaoImpl"></bean>

</beans>

DAO层

package com.zjx.dao.impl;

import com.zjx.dao.InjectionDao;

public class InjectionDaoImpl implements InjectionDao{

    @Override
    public void sava(String data) {
        System.out.println("保存数据："+data);   
    }

}

service层

package com.zjx.service.impl;

import com.zjx.dao.InjectionDao;
import com.zjx.service.InjectionService;

public class InjectionServiceImpl implements InjectionService {

    private InjectionDao injectionDao;

    /**
     * @param injectionDao 持久化接口
     * 构造器注入
     */
    public InjectionServiceImpl(InjectionDao injectionDao) {
        this.injectionDao = injectionDao;
    }


    @Override
    public void save(String data) {
        System.out.println("Service接受参数："+data);    
        data = data+":"+this.hashCode();
        injectionDao.sava(data);
    }

}

测试：

package com.zjx.interfaces.test;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner;

import com.zjx.service.InjectionService;

@RunWith(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class TestInjection extends UnitTestBase {
    public TestInjection() {
        super("classpath:spring-injection.xml");
    }
    @Test
    public void test(){
        InjectionService service = super.getBean("injectionService");
        service.save("这是要保存的数据");
    }

}