redis的安装

本文指导您如何下载、安装并配置Redis服务,包括设置服务端口、限制连接数、保存和加载数据库、复制实例以及安全性配置等关键步骤。

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一、下载redis

http://code.google.com/p/servicestack/wiki/RedisWindowsDownload#Download_32bit_Cygwin_builds_for_Windows

 

把redis-2.02.zip解压到d盘,在解压后的文件中增加redis.conf文件,内容如下

 

# Redis configuration file example

# By default Redis does not run as a daemon. Use 'yes' if you need it.
# Note that Redis will write a pid file in /var/run/redis.pid when daemonized.
daemonize no

# When run as a daemon, Redis write a pid file in /var/run/redis.pid by default.
# You can specify a custom pid file location here.
pidfile /var/run/redis.pid

# Accept connections on the specified port, default is 6379
port 6379

# If you want you can bind a single interface, if the bind option is not
# specified all the interfaces will listen for connections.
#
# bind 127.0.0.1

# Close the connection after a client is idle for N seconds (0 to disable)
timeout 300

# Set server verbosity to 'debug'
# it can be one of:
# debug (a lot of information, useful for development/testing)
# notice (moderately verbose, what you want in production probably)
# warning (only very important / critical messages are logged)
loglevel debug

# Specify the log file name. Also 'stdout' can be used to force
# the demon to log on the standard output. Note that if you use standard
# output for logging but daemonize, logs will be sent to /dev/null
logfile stdout

# Set the number of databases. The default database is DB 0, you can select
# a different one on a per-connection basis using SELECT <dbid> where
# dbid is a number between 0 and 'databases'-1
databases 16

################################ SNAPSHOTTING  #################################
#
# Save the DB on disk:
#
#   save <seconds> <changes>
#
#   Will save the DB if both the given number of seconds and the given
#   number of write operations against the DB occurred.
#
#   In the example below the behaviour will be to save:
#   after 900 sec (15 min) if at least 1 key changed
#   after 300 sec (5 min) if at least 10 keys changed
#   after 60 sec if at least 10000 keys changed
save 900 1
save 300 10
save 60 10000

# Compress string objects using LZF when dump .rdb databases?
# For default that's set to 'yes' as it's almost always a win.
# If you want to save some CPU in the saving child set it to 'no' but
# the dataset will likely be bigger if you have compressible values or keys.
rdbcompression yes

# The filename where to dump the DB
dbfilename dump.rdb

# For default save/load DB in/from the working directory
# Note that you must specify a directory not a file name.
dir ./

################################# REPLICATION #################################

# Master-Slave replication. Use slaveof to make a Redis instance a copy of
# another Redis server. Note that the configuration is local to the slave
# so for example it is possible to configure the slave to save the DB with a
# different interval, or to listen to another port, and so on.
#
# slaveof <masterip> <masterport>

# If the master is password protected (using the "requirepass" configuration
# directive below) it is possible to tell the slave to authenticate before
# starting the replication synchronization process, otherwise the master will
# refuse the slave request.
#
# masterauth <master-password>

################################## SECURITY ###################################

# Require clients to issue AUTH <PASSWORD> before processing any other
# commands.  This might be useful in environments in which you do not trust
# others with access to the host running redis-server.
#
# This should stay commented out for backward compatibility and because most
# people do not need auth (e.g. they run their own servers).
#
# requirepass foobared

################################### LIMITS ####################################

# Set the max number of connected clients at the same time. By default there
# is no limit, and it's up to the number of file descriptors the Redis process
# is able to open. The special value '0' means no limts.
# Once the limit is reached Redis will close all the new connections sending
# an error 'max number of clients reached'.
#
# maxclients 128

# Don't use more memory than the specified amount of bytes.
# When the memory limit is reached Redis will try to remove keys with an
# EXPIRE set. It will try to start freeing keys that are going to expire
# in little time and preserve keys with a longer time to live.
# Redis will also try to remove objects from free lists if possible.
#
# If all this fails, Redis will start to reply with errors to commands
# that will use more memory, like SET, LPUSH, and so on, and will continue
# to reply to most read-only commands like GET.
#
# WARNING: maxmemory can be a good idea mainly if you want to use Redis as a
# 'state' server or cache, not as a real DB. When Redis is used as a real
# database the memory usage will grow over the weeks, it will be obvious if
# it is going to use too much memory in the long run, and you'll have the time
# to upgrade. With maxmemory after the limit is reached you'll start to get
# errors for write operations, and this may even lead to DB inconsistency.
#
# maxmemory <bytes>

############################## APPEND ONLY MODE ###############################

# By default Redis asynchronously dumps the dataset on disk. If you can live
# with the idea that the latest records will be lost if something like a crash
# happens this is the preferred way to run Redis. If instead you care a lot
# about your data and don't want to that a single record can get lost you should
# enable the append only mode: when this mode is enabled Redis will append
# every write operation received in the file appendonly.log. This file will
# be read on startup in order to rebuild the full dataset in memory.
#
# Note that you can have both the async dumps and the append only file if you
# like (you have to comment the "save" statements above to disable the dumps).
# Still if append only mode is enabled Redis will load the data from the
# log file at startup ignoring the dump.rdb file.
#
# The name of the append only file is "appendonly.log"
#
# IMPORTANT: Check the BGREWRITEAOF to check how to rewrite the append
# log file in background when it gets too big.

appendonly no

# The fsync() call tells the Operating System to actually write data on disk
# instead to wait for more data in the output buffer. Some OS will really flush
# data on disk, some other OS will just try to do it ASAP.
#
# Redis supports three different modes:
#
# no: don't fsync, just let the OS flush the data when it wants. Faster.
# always: fsync after every write to the append only log . Slow, Safest.
# everysec: fsync only if one second passed since the last fsync. Compromise.
#
# The default is "always" that's the safer of the options. It's up to you to
# understand if you can relax this to "everysec" that will fsync every second
# or to "no" that will let the operating system flush the output buffer when
# it want, for better performances (but if you can live with the idea of
# some data loss consider the default persistence mode that's snapshotting).

appendfsync always
# appendfsync everysec
# appendfsync no

############################### ADVANCED CONFIG ###############################

# Glue small output buffers together in order to send small replies in a
# single TCP packet. Uses a bit more CPU but most of the times it is a win
# in terms of number of queries per second. Use 'yes' if unsure.
glueoutputbuf yes

# Use object sharing. Can save a lot of memory if you have many common
# string in your dataset, but performs lookups against the shared objects
# pool so it uses more CPU and can be a bit slower. Usually it's a good
# idea.
#
# When object sharing is enabled (shareobjects yes) you can use
# shareobjectspoolsize to control the size of the pool used in order to try
# object sharing. A bigger pool size will lead to better sharing capabilities.
# In general you want this value to be at least the double of the number of
# very common strings you have in your dataset.
#
# WARNING: object sharing is experimental, don't enable this feature
# in production before of Redis 1.0-stable. Still please try this feature in
# your development environment so that we can test it better.
# shareobjects no
# shareobjectspoolsize 1024

 

启动redis:
输入命令:redis-server.exe redis.conf

 

 

启动cmd窗口要一直开着,关闭后则Redis服务关闭。
这时服务开启着,另外开一个窗口进行,设置客户端:
输入命令:redis-cli.exe

输入后如下图所示

 

然后就可以开始玩了

### 安装 Redis 数据库 Redis 是一个高性能的开源内存数据库,支持多种数据结构,适用于缓存、实时分析、消息队列等应用场景。以下是 Redis 在不同操作系统上的安装方法。 #### 在 Linux 系统上安装 Redis 1. **下载 Redis** 首先,访问 Redis 官网下载最新版本的源代码包。使用 `wget` 命令下载: ```bash wget https://download.redis.io/redis-stable.tar.gz ``` 2. **解压文件** 解压下载的压缩包,并进入解压后的目录: ```bash tar -zxvf redis-stable.tar.gz cd redis-stable ``` 3. **编译 Redis** 使用 `make` 命令编译 Redis 源代码。如果系统中没有安装 `gcc` 编译器,可以先通过以下命令安装: ```bash sudo apt-get install build-essential ``` 然后进行编译: ```bash make ``` 4. **安装 Redis** 编译完成后,执行 `make install` 命令将 Redis 安装到系统目录中: ```bash sudo make install ``` 5. **配置 Redis** 默认情况下,Redis 的配置文件 `redis.conf` 位于源代码目录中。可以将其复制到 `/etc/redis` 目录下,并修改配置文件中的 `daemonize` 参数为 `yes`,以便以后台模式运行 Redis: ```bash sudo cp redis.conf /etc/redis/ sudo nano /etc/redis/redis.conf ``` 6. **启动 Redis** 修改完配置文件后,可以通过以下命令启动 Redis: ```bash redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf ``` 7. **测试 Redis** 使用 `redis-cli` 工具连接到 Redis 服务器,并执行简单的命令进行测试: ```bash redis-cli ping ``` 如果返回 `PONG`,则表示 Redis 服务器已经成功启动。 #### 在 Windows 系统上安装 Redis 1. **下载 Redis Windows 版本** Redis 官方并不直接提供 Windows 版本的安装包,但可以从 Microsoft 的 GitHub 仓库下载适用于 Windows 的 Redis: ```bash https://github.com/microsoftarchive/redis/releases ``` 2. **安装 Redis** 下载完成后,解压压缩包,并将解压后的文件夹移动到一个合适的位置,例如 `C:\Redis`。 3. **启动 Redis** 进入 Redis 目录,执行 `redis-server.exe` 文件启动 Redis 服务器: ```bash cd C:\Redis redis-server.exe ``` 如果没有指定配置文件,Redis 将使用默认配置启动。为了避免错误,建议创建一个 `redis.conf` 配置文件,并通过以下命令启动 Redis: ```bash redis-server.exe redis.conf ``` 4. **测试 Redis** 使用 `redis-cli.exe` 工具连接到 Redis 服务器,并执行简单的命令进行测试: ```bash redis-cli.exe ping ``` 如果返回 `PONG`,则表示 Redis 服务器已经成功启动。 #### 在 macOS 系统上安装 Redis 1. **使用 Homebrew 安装 Redis** 如果你使用的是 macOS,并且已经安装了 Homebrew,可以直接通过以下命令安装 Redis: ```bash brew install redis ``` 2. **启动 Redis** 安装完成后,可以通过以下命令启动 Redis 服务: ```bash brew services start redis ``` 3. **测试 Redis** 使用 `redis-cli` 工具连接到 Redis 服务器,并执行简单的命令进行测试: ```bash redis-cli ping ``` 如果返回 `PONG`,则表示 Redis 服务器已经成功启动。 #### 注意事项 - 在生产环境中,建议使用后台模式启动 Redis,并配置合适的持久化策略,以确保数据的安全性[^3]。 - 如果在 Windows 上启动 Redis 时遇到端口冲突问题,可以检查是否有其他程序占用了 6379 端口,或者尝试更改 Redis 的监听端口[^4]。
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