对于UI部分的状态模式简单实现

在以往的菜鸟生涯里，只会用动画的有限状态机，并不懂神魔是状态模式。

其实他们的原理是有点相似的：

首先，有一个接口，定义了他们的行为，对于Ui来说就是界面的抽象，暂且称它为PanelBase，它定义了界面的，清理（即先清除之前是用过的状态）、进入、改变、退出、以及持续性操作。

每个界面panel的类会继承并且实现这几部分功能，同时进行一些自己的扩展，所有的对象由一个状态管理器来使用字典储存，每一个界面即一个状态，并且有枚举来对应，我们只要调用StateManager里面封装好了的方法，即能改变状态（上一个状态的退出以及当前状态的进入），Statemanager可写成一个单例，方便使用。同时它的Update会调用当前状态的子OnUpDate函数。以实现持续调用。

通常我的UImanager来封装一些对panel的隐藏和显示，等等工具方法。同时在他的start方法进行所有状态的注册。

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine.Events;
using UnityEngine.SceneManagement;
public class TW_UIManager : MonoBehaviour
{

    private static TW_UIManager instance;
    public static TW_UIManager InStance
    {
        get
        {

            return instance;
        }
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// canvas画布
    /// </summary>
    private Transform canvas;
    public Transform Canvas
    {
        get
        {
            return canvas;
        }
        set
        {
            canvas = value;
        }
    }



    private void Awake()
    {
        instance = this;
        Init();
    }


    public void Init()
    {
        canvas = TW_Tool.FindOBJ("Canvas").transform;
        TW_StateManager.Instance.InitAllState();
        TW_StateManager.Instance.ChangeState(TW_State.Start);
    }
    public GameObject ShowPanel(GameObject tmObj, string tmName)
    {
        if (tmObj == null)
        {
            GameObject go = TW_Tool.LoadAndSetUI(Canvas, tmName, UIAnchors.Border);
            if (go != null)
                return go;
        }
        else
        {
            tmObj.transform.localScale = Vector3.one;
            return tmObj;
        }
        return null;
    }

    public void YinPanel(GameObject tmOBj)
    {
        tmOBj.transform.localScale = Vector3.zero;

    }
    public void LoadSenceTo(string scenceName)
    {
        SceneManager.LoadScene(scenceName);
    }
}

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
public class TW_StateManager
{

    private static readonly TW_StateManager instance = new TW_StateManager();
    public static TW_StateManager Instance
    {
        get
        {
            return instance;
        }
    }




    public Dictionary<TW_State, TW_PanelBase> StateDic = new Dictionary<TW_State, TW_PanelBase>();
    /// <summary>
    /// 当前初始状态
    /// </summary>
    private TW_State m_NowState = TW_State.Null;

    public void InitAllState()
    {
        //注册所有状态
        StateDic[TW_State.Start] = new TW_StartPanel();
        StateDic[TW_State.Level] = new TW_LevelPanel();
        StateDic[TW_State.Defeat] = new TW_DeftPanel();
        StateDic[TW_State.Game] = new TW_GamePanel();
        //初始化所有状态（清空）
        StateDic[TW_State.Start].Clear();
        StateDic[TW_State.Level].Clear();
        StateDic[TW_State.Defeat].Clear();
        StateDic[TW_State.Game].Clear();
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 状态持续操作
    /// </summary>
    public void Update()
    {
        if (StateDic.Count == 0 || StateDic.ContainsKey(m_NowState) == false) return;
        StateDic[m_NowState].PanelUpdate();
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 状态改变
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="_state"></param>
    public void ChangeState(TW_State _state)
    {
        if (m_NowState == _state && m_NowState != TW_State.Null) return;
        if (!StateDic.ContainsKey(_state)) return;
        m_NowState = _state;
        StateDic[_state].PanelEnter();
    }
    public void StateExit()
    {
        if (m_NowState != TW_State.Null) { StateDic[m_NowState].PanelExit(); }
    }
}

 

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public interface TW_PanelBase  {
    /// <summary>
    /// 清空所有的数据
    /// </summary>
    void Clear();

    /// <summary>
    /// panel的进入
    /// </summary>
    void PanelEnter();

    /// <summary>
    /// 所有的持续调用操作
    /// </summary>
    void PanelUpdate();

    /// <summary>
    /// panel退出
    /// </summary>
    void PanelExit();


}

public enum TW_State
{
    Start,
    People,
    Level,
    Pause,
    Game,
    Defeat,
    Succee,
    Null

}

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
using UnityEngine.UI;
public class TW_LevelPanel : TW_PanelBase {

    /// <summary>
    /// 选择关卡界面
    /// </summary>
    private GameObject levelPanel;

    private Button returnMian;

    private GameObject[] suos;

    public void Init()
    {
        levelPanel = TW_UIManager.InStance.ShowPanel(levelPanel, "LevelPanel");
        returnMian = TW_Tool.FindButtonOnObj("Return");
        TW_Tool.AddButtonOnClickLitener(returnMian, OnClickReturn);
        for (int i = 1; i < 11; i++)
        {
            suos[i] = TW_Tool.FindOBJ("suo" + i.ToString());

        }
    }

    public void OnClickReturn()
    {
        TW_StateManager.Instance.ChangeState(TW_State.Start);
        PanelExit();
    }
    public void Clear()
    {
        levelPanel = null;
    }

    public void PanelEnter()
    {
        Init();
    }

    public void PanelExit()
    {
        TW_UIManager.InStance.YinPanel(levelPanel);
    }

    public void PanelUpdate()
    {
       
    }


}