二、build.gradle的一些详解

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-26 17:31:44 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-03-26 17:31:44 发布

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分类专栏： Gradle

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/jxj2118/article/details/72526183

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本文详细介绍Gradle构建工具的配置文件build.gradle的各个部分及其作用，包括插件应用、依赖管理、任务类型等内容。

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查看build.gradle文件

apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'eclipse'

sourceCompatibility = 1.7
version = '1.0'
jar {
    manifest {
        attributes 'Implementation-Title': 'Gradle Quickstart',
                   'Implementation-Version': version
    }
}

repositories {
    mavenCentral()
}

dependencies {
    compile group: 'commons-collections', name: 'commons-collections', version: '3.2'
    testCompile group: 'junit', name: 'junit', version: '4.+'
}

test {
    systemProperties 'property': 'value'
}

uploadArchives {
    repositories {
       flatDir {
           dirs 'repos'
       }
    }
}

以下内容引入自网络及官方文档

apply plugin: ‘maven’：使用maven做为jar包的信赖管理，通过mave仓库下载项目所需的信赖包
apply plugin: ‘war’：指定web项目，项目编译(在项目提示符下执行：gradle build)时生成项目的war包。
apply plugin: ‘java’: 指定项目为java项目，项目编译(在项目提示符下执行：gradle build)时生成项目的jar包。
apply plugin: ‘eclipse-wtp’：插件将构建web项目的开发环境，生成所需要的.project,.classpath等文件。因为我web开发使用的是eclipse-j2ee版本，所以指定为wtp环境。
apply plugin: ‘eclipse’：java项目的eclipse开发环境构建.生成所需要的.project,.classpath等文件。
apply plugin: ‘jetty’：加入jetty的支持，代码修改后直接执行命令gradle jettyRun即可运行web项目。
repositories: 指定仓库使用。
dependencies：项目依赖定义，compile为编译级别依赖，还有testCompile为测试级别的依赖等。

Build script structure

A build script is made up of zero or more statements and script blocks. Statements can include method calls, property assignments, and local variable definitions. A script block is a method call which takes a closure as a parameter. The closure is treated as a configuration closure which configures some delegate object as it executes. The top level script blocks are listed below.

Block	Description
`allprojects { }`	Configures this project and each of its sub-projects.
`artifacts { }`	Configures the published artifacts for this project.
`buildscript { }`	Configures the build script classpath for this project.
`configurations { }`	Configures the dependency configurations for this project.
`dependencies { }`	Configures the dependencies for this project.
`repositories { }`	Configures the repositories for this project.
`sourceSets { }`	Configures the source sets of this project.
`subprojects { }`	Configures the sub-projects of this project.
`publishing { }`	Configures the `PublishingExtension` added by the publishing plugin.

A build script is also a Groovy script, and so can contain those elements allowed in a Groovy script, such as method definitions and class definitions.

Task types

Listed below are the various task types which are available for use in your build script:

Type	Description
`AntlrTask`	Generates parsers from Antlr grammars.
`BuildEnvironmentReportTask`	Provides information about the build environment for the project that the task is associated with.
`Checkstyle`	Runs Checkstyle against some source files.
`CodeNarc`	Runs CodeNarc against some source files.
`CompareGradleBuilds`	Executes two Gradle builds (that can be the same build) with specified versions and compares the outcomes. Please see the “Comparing Builds” chapter of the Gradle User Guide for more information.
`Copy`	Copies files into a destination directory. This task can also rename and filter files as it copies. The task implements `CopySpec` for specifying what to copy.
`CreateStartScripts`	Creates start scripts for launching JVM applications.
`Delete`	Deletes files or directories. Example:
`Ear`	Assembles an EAR archive.
`Exec`	Executes a command line process. Example:
`FindBugs`	Analyzes code with FindBugs. See the FindBugs Manual for additional information on configuration options.
`GenerateIvyDescriptor`	Generates an Ivy XML Module Descriptor file.
`GenerateMavenPom`	Generates a Maven module descriptor (POM) file.
`GenerateBuildDashboard`	Generates build dashboard report.
`GradleBuild`	Executes a Gradle build.
`GroovyCompile`	Compiles Groovy source files, and optionally, Java source files.
`Groovydoc`	Generates HTML API documentation for Groovy source, and optionally, Java source.
`HtmlDependencyReportTask`	Generates an HTML dependency report. This report combines the features of the ASCII dependency report and those of the ASCII dependency insight report. For a given project, it generates a tree of the dependencies of every configuration, and each dependency can be clicked to show the insight of this dependency.
`JacocoReport`	Task to generate HTML, Xml and CSV reports of Jacoco coverage data.
`JacocoMerge`	Task to merge multiple execution data files into one.
`JacocoCoverageVerification`	Task for verifying code coverage metrics. Fails the task if violations are detected based on specified rules.
`Jar`	Assembles a JAR archive.
`JavaCompile`	Compiles Java source files.
`Javadoc`	Generates HTML API documentation for Java classes.
`JavaExec`	Executes a Java application in a child process.
`JDepend`	Analyzes code with JDepend.
`JettyRun`	Deploys an exploded web application to an embedded Jetty web container. Does not require that the web application be assembled into a war, saving time during the development cycle.
`JettyRunWar`	Deploys a WAR to an embedded Jetty web container.
`JettyStop`	Stops the embedded Jetty web container, if it is running.
`Pmd`	Runs a set of static code analysis rules on Java source code files and generates a report of problems found.
`PublishToIvyRepository`	Publishes an IvyPublication to an IvyArtifactRepository.
`PublishToMavenRepository`	Publishes a `MavenPublication` to a `MavenArtifactRepository`.
`ScalaCompile`	Compiles Scala source files, and optionally, Java source files.
`ScalaDoc`	Generates HTML API documentation for Scala source files.
`InitBuild`	Generates a Gradle project structure.
`Sign`	A task for creating digital signature files for one or more; tasks, files, publishable artifacts or configurations.
`Sync`	Synchronizes the contents of a destination directory with some source directories and files.
`Tar`	Assembles a TAR archive.
`Test`	Executes JUnit (3.8.x or 4.x) or TestNG tests. Test are always run in (one or more) separate JVMs. The sample below shows various configuration options.
`TestReport`	Generates an HTML test report from the results of one or more `Test` tasks.
`Upload`	Uploads the artifacts of a `Configuration` to a set of repositories.
`War`	Assembles a WAR archive.
`Wrapper`	Generates scripts (for *nix and windows) which allow you to build your project with Gradle, without having to install Gradle.
`WriteProperties`	Writes a `Properties` in a way that the results can be expected to be reproducible.
`Zip`	Assembles a ZIP archive. The default is to compress the contents of the zip.

详细参考https://docs.gradle.org/3.5/dsl/