PAT_1002

1002. A+B for Polynomials (25)

This time, you are supposed to find A+B where A and B are two polynomials.

Input

Each input file contains one test case. Each case occupies 2 lines, and each line contains the information of a polynomial: K N1 a_N1 N2 a_N2 ... NK a_NK, where K is the number of nonzero terms in the polynomial, Ni and a_Ni (i=1, 2, ..., K) are the exponents and coefficients, respectively. It is given that 1 <= K <= 10，0 <= NK < ... < N2 < N1 <=1000.

Output

For each test case you should output the sum of A and B in one line, with the same format as the input. Notice that there must be NO extra space at the end of each line. Please be accurate to 1 decimal place.

Sample Input

2 1 2.4 0 3.2
2 2 1.5 1 0.5

Sample Output

3 2 1.5 1 2.9 0 3.2

题目的要求在于三点：

1：输出按照输出格式进行输出-----从小到大的顺序输出（以Ni系数为基准排序）

2：输出的精度要求为1位小数，并且0必须是0；

3：如果两个多项式相互抵消了则不输出，而不是输出 ni 0；

贴一段我的错误代码：

#include<iostream>
#include<list>
#include<cstdio>
#include<iomanip>
using namespace std;

struct Polynomial
{
    float Coefficient;
    float exponent;                   //使用了一个多项式结构体
};

int main()
{
     Polynomial a[25],b[11];
     Polynomial temp;
     int c,d,ans=0;
     freopen("in.txt","r",stdin);
     cin>>c;
     for(int i=0;i<c;i++){
        cin>>a[i].exponent;
        cin>>a[i].Coefficient;
     }
     c--;
     /*for(int i=0;i<c;i++){
        cout<<a[i].exponent<<" ";
        cout<<a[i].Coefficient<<endl;
     }*/
     getchar();
     cin>>d;
     for(int i=0;i<d;i++){
            
        cin>>b[i].exponent;
        cin>>b[i].Coefficient;
     }

     for(int i=0;i<c;i++){
        for(int j=ans;j<d;j++)
        {
            if(a[i].exponent==b[j].exponent)
            {
                a[i].Coefficient+=b[j].Coefficient;            //进行了O（n²）相加
                ans=j+1;
                continue;
            }
            else if((a[i].exponent)<(b[j].exponent)){
                c=c+1;
                a[c].Coefficient=b[j].Coefficient;
                a[c].exponent=b[j].exponent;
                ans=j+1;
            }

        }
     }
     //cout<<(a[c].Coefficient)<<endl;
     /*for(int i=0;i<c;i++)
    {
        for(int j=0;j<c-i;j++){
        if((a[j].exponent)<(a[j+1].exponent))
        {
            //cout<<"出现一次"<<endl;
            temp.Coefficient=a[j].Coefficient;       //完全可以用sort（）进行排序，省去冗长的代码
            temp.exponent=a[j].exponent;
            a[j].Coefficient=a[j+1].Coefficient;
            a[j].exponent=a[j+1].exponent;
            a[j+1].Coefficient=temp.Coefficient;
            a[j+1].exponent=temp.exponent;
        }
        }
    }*/
     cout<<c+1<<" ";
     for(int i=0;i<=c;i++){
            if((a[i].Coefficient==0))
            {
        cout.unsetf(ios::fixed);
        cout<<(a[i].exponent)<<" ";              //用了麻烦的输出格式，printf更有优势于输出的数位控制
        cout.setf(ios::fixed);
        cout<<"0"<<" ";
            }
            else{
        cout.unsetf(ios::fixed);
        cout<<(a[i].exponent)<<" ";
        cout.setf(ios::fixed);
        cout<<setprecision(1)<<(a[i].Coefficient)<<" ";
            }
     }
    return 0;

然后浏览了其他大佬的代码，感觉自己真的想岔了，完全可以用一个1000位数组存储位数的出现，在以一个数组记录系数。

这是其他帖子正确的代码：

# include <iostream>
# include <string>
# include <sstream>
# include <vector>
# include <algorithm>
#include  <cstdio>
# include <functional>
# include <iomanip>
# include <ctime>
# include <map>
# include <math.h>
# include <string.h>

using namespace std;

bool com1(int a, int b)
{
    return a >= b;
}

int main(void)
{
    int K1, K2;
    int numOfX;
    double num;

    int i = 0;
    int cnt;                    //出现过的指数个数
    int aCnt;                    //实际输出个数

    double numX[1001];            //指数范围[0,1000]，所以用该数组记录
    int headX[20];                //记录出现过的指数


    memset(numX, 0, 1001*sizeof(double));

    cin >> K1;
    for (i = 0; i < K1; i++)
    {
        cin >> numOfX >> num;
        headX[i] = numOfX;
        numX[numOfX] += num;
    }

    cnt = i;
    aCnt = i;
    cin >> K2;
    for (i = 0; i < K2; i++)
    {
        cin >> numOfX >> num;
        if (numX[numOfX] == 0)            //若该数为0，说明该指数没有出现过
        {
            headX[cnt++] = numOfX;
            aCnt++;
        }
        numX[numOfX] += num;            //计算过后，若该数为0，则该指数不会被输出
        if (numX[numOfX] == 0)
            aCnt--;
    }

    sort(headX, headX+cnt, com1);        //对出现过的指数排列
//    qSort(headX, 0, cnt - 1, com1);

    /*                                    //原本认为当两式子抵消之后，输出会是
    if (aCnt == 0)                        //这个样子的，但实际上，只需要输出aCnt就可以了。
        cout << "0 0 0.0" << endl;        //这样输出最后1个测试点不能通过。
    else
    */
    {
        cout << aCnt;
        for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++)
        {
            if (numX[headX[i]] != 0)
                printf(" %d %.1lf", headX[i], numX[headX[i]]);
        }
        cout << endl;
    }

    return 0;
}