最近有开发人员问,有没有办法实现在pg9.5版本之前实现upsert功能,现整理如下
--创建测试表,注意此处先不要主键或唯一约束
create table t2 (id int,name varchar(100));
-- pg 在9.5之前实现不存在则插入
-- 现在需要实现,当id字段的值存在时,则更新name字段的值,如果id字段的值不存在,则执行插入
with upsert as (update t2 set name='rudy1' where id=5 returning *) insert into t2 select 5,'rudy' where not exists (select 1 from upsert where id=5);
--注意使用此种方法并不能保证两个事务同时插入一条数据
-- session1执行该语句,成功
postgres=# begin;
BEGIN
postgres=# with upsert as (update t2 set name='rudy2' where id=5 returning *) insert into t2 select 5,'rudy' where not exists (select 1 from upsert where id=5);
INSERT 0 1
-- session2执行该语句,也成功
postgres=# begin;
BEGIN
postgres=# with upsert as (update t2 set name='rudy2' where id=5 returning *) insert into t2 select 5,'rudy' where not exists (select 1 from upsert where id=5);
INSERT 0 1
--两者都提交后发现id=5的数据有两条
postgres=# select * from t2;
id | name
----+------
5 | rudy
5 | rudy
--为了保证并发,此时可以给表加上主键或唯一键
postgres=# alter table t2 add primary key(id);