@Autowired和@Resource的区别

最新推荐文章于 2025-07-14 16:42:42 发布

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本文深入解析Spring框架中@Autowired和@Resource注解的区别与使用方法，通过示例代码展示如何实现bean的精确注入，解决多实现类时的依赖冲突问题。

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都知道这两个注解可以实现bean的注入

@Autowired 这个是spring的注解　　　　org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired

@Resource 这属于java自带的注解　　　javax.annotation.Resource

@Autowired默认是按照类型来注入的，需要按名字注入的话可以跟@Qualifier搭配使用

@Resource是按照里面的name属性来注入的

上代码吧，更有区分性

针对于面向接口编程的话，一个接口一个实现类是没啥区分性的。

倘若两个实现类，你不指定的话，会报这个错

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException bean创建失败

expected single matching bean but found 2: personServiceImpl1,personServiceImpl2

可以写一个实例一个service接口，两个serviceImpl实现类

public interface PersonService {public List<Person> listPerson();
}

@Service
public class PersonServiceImpl1 implements PersonService{
    @Autowired
    private PersonMapper mapper;
<span class="token keyword">public</span> List<span class="token operator">&lt;</span>Person<span class="token operator">&gt;</span> <span class="token function">listPerson</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"PersonServiceImpl1.java"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> mapper<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">listPerson</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

@Service

public class PersonServiceImpl2 implements PersonService{

@Autowired

private PersonMapper mapper;

<span class="token keyword">public</span> List<span class="token operator">&lt;</span>Person<span class="token operator">&gt;</span> <span class="token function">listPerson</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"PersonServiceImpl2.java"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> mapper<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">listPerson</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

之后写一个controller层来进行注入调用

@Controller

public class PersonController {

@Autowired

@Qualifier(“personServiceImpl1”)

private PersonService service;
@<span class="token function">Resource</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>name<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">"personServiceImpl2"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">private</span> PersonService service2<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

@<span class="token function">RequestMapping</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"listPerson"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
@ResponseBody
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">listPerson</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    List<span class="token operator">&lt;</span>Person<span class="token operator">&gt;</span> list <span class="token operator">=</span> service<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">listPerson</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>list<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

@<span class="token function">RequestMapping</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"listPerson2"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
@ResponseBody
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">listPerson2</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    List<span class="token operator">&lt;</span>Person<span class="token operator">&gt;</span> list <span class="token operator">=</span> service2<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">listPerson</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>list<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>