intellij idea Spring MVC 学习之Hello World

最新推荐文章于 2020-12-19 16:35:23 发布

jinwenbiao881126

最新推荐文章于 2020-12-19 16:35:23 发布

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本文详细介绍如何从零开始搭建SpringMVC项目，包括项目的创建、POM文件配置、Web.xml配置、servlet.xml配置等内容，并解决常见问题。

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一、创建Spring MVC项目

（1）

（2）next

(3) next

(4)next

(5)点击finish,会根据maven依赖生成spring-mvc项目

二、POM 文件配置

Spring-mvc需要依赖三个核心的jar, spring-core,spring-web,spring-webmvc

pom文件配置如下：

<!-- Spring dependencies start -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
  <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
  <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
  <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
  <!-- Spring dependencies end -->

三、Web.xml配置

主要配置servlet,context信息

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>/WEB-INF/dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
</web-app>

四、[servlet-name]-serlvet.xml配置

主要是配置：control与view的信息

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">

<context:component-scan base-package="com.controller" />
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"  id="internalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix">
            <value>/WEB-INF/views/</value>
        </property>
        <property name="suffix">
            <value>.jsp</value>
        </property>
    </bean>
</beans>

五、control控制器

@Controller
public class HelloController {

    private String message = "Welcome to Spring MVC !";

    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public ModelAndView getMessage(@RequestParam(value ="name",required = false,defaultValue = "world") String name)
    {
        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
        mv.addObject("name",name);
        mv.addObject("message",message);
        mv.setViewName("hello");
        return mv;
    }
}

目录结构：

六、view

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
    <%@ page isELIgnored="false" %>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
    <title>Spring 4 MVC -HelloWorld</title>
</head>
<body>

    <h2 style="align-content: center">Hello World</h2>
    <h2 style="align-content: center">
        ${message} ${name}
    </h2>

</body>
</html>