基于51单片机的计步器原理图PCB

极寒钛科技

已于 2023-10-02 14:35:45 修改

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CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

文章标签： 51单片机

于 2022-11-07 10:22:41 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/jimo167913/article/details/127726101

本设计采用STC89C52单片机为核心，利用加速度传感器ADXL345实现计步功能，并通过LCD1602显示步数、距离及卡路里消耗等数据。支持数据保存及查询。

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功能介绍：
0.本系统采用STC89C52作为单片机
1.采用LCD1602来实时显示计步器的数据
2.预留有串口可以自己开发蓝牙功能
3.设计EEPROM可以保存计步的相关数据，断电后下次上电依然可以查询
4.采用DC002作为电源接口可直接输入5V给整个系统供电
5.计步的传感器采用的是加速度传感器ADXL345

原理图：
在这里插入图片描述

PCB：
在这里插入图片描述

主程序：

#include "main.h"

enum _MODE_DF_ dispMode;
unsigned char setIndex = 0;

char dis0[16];		 //数组
bit readAdx = 0;	 //定时读取adxl345
bit refreshFlag = 0; //定时更新屏幕

unsigned int stepCnt = 0;	  //累计步数
float distance = 0;			  //累计距离
float calorie = 0;			  //累计卡路里
unsigned char statusFlag = 0; //状态

unsigned char isNewFlag = 0; //数据记录
unsigned char saveCnt = 0;	 //数据记录

void main(void)
{
	Init_Timer0(); //定时器0初始化

	LCD_Init();	 //初始化液晶
	DelayMs(20); //延时有助于稳定
	LCD_Clear();
	EEPROM_Init();

	isNewFlag = EEPROM_ReadByte(IS_NEW_ADDR); //读取芯片标志

	if (isNewFlag != 0) //如果是新机
	{
		isNewFlag = 0;
		EEPROM_WriteByte(IS_NEW_ADDR, isNewFlag); //将不是新芯片标志写入EEPROM
		EmptyData();
	}
	else
	{
		saveCnt = EEPROM_ReadByte(SAVECNT_ADDR); //读取存储数量
	}

	Init_ADXL345();						   //清屏
	if (Single_Read_ADXL345(0X00) == 0xe5) //读出的数据为0XE5,表示正确
	{
		DelayMs(5);
	}
	else
	{
		DelayMs(3);
	}

	while (1) //主循环
	{

		if (readAdx) //定时读取adxl345数据
		{
			readAdx = 0;
			StepCheck(); //检测步数
		}

		if (refreshFlag)
		{
			refreshFlag = 0;
			if (dispMode == NORMAL)
			{
				DispNormal();
			}
		}

		KeyScan();
	}
}

//步数检测
void StepCheck(void)
{
	static unsigned char ErrorNum = 0; //变量定义
	static unsigned char NormalNum = 0;

	static unsigned char CheckNum = 0; //变量定义
	static unsigned char standNum = 0;
	static unsigned char sidewaysNum = 0;
	static unsigned int remStep = 0;

	ReadData_x();
	CheckNum++;								   //检测次数
	if ((temp_X < 650) || (abs(temp_Y) > 400)) //查看正常次数
	{
		LED_STATUS = 0; //呼吸灯
		ErrorNum++;		//记录次数
		standNum++;		//竖直状态++
	}
	else
	{
		NormalNum++;
		sidewaysNum++;
		LED_STATUS = 1;
	} //呼吸灯//侧着状态++

	if ((NormalNum != 0) && (ErrorNum != 0)) //			从角度判断走了一步
	{
		ErrorNum = 0;
		NormalNum = 0;
		stepCnt++;
		distance = (float)(stepCnt / 2) * 0.45; //计算距离
		calorie = distance * 70 * 0.832;		//卡路里计算 走路 距离*体重*系数
	}

	if (CheckNum >= 20)
	{

		if ((sidewaysNum != 0) && (standNum == 0))
		{
			statusFlag = 0; //站着状态
		}
		else if ((sidewaysNum == 0) && (standNum != 0))
		{
			statusFlag = 1; //躺着状态
		}
		else if ((sidewaysNum != 0) && (standNum != 0))
		{
			if ((stepCnt - remStep) >= 6) //跑着 一个周期大于3步
			{
				statusFlag = 2;
			} //跑着状态
			else
			{
				statusFlag = 3;
			}				   //走着状态
			remStep = stepCnt; //记录上次步数
		}
		CheckNum = 0;
		sidewaysNum = 0; //清空计数
		standNum = 0;
	}
}

//正常显示
void DispNormal(void)
{
	sprintf(dis0, "S:%04d D:%6.1fm ", stepCnt / 2, distance); //打印
	LCD_Write_String(0, 0, dis0);							  //显示
	sprintf(dis0, "%7.2fcal ", calorie);					  //打印
	LCD_Write_String(0, 1, dis0);							  //显示

	if (statusFlag == 0) //站着状态
	{
		LCD_Write_String(11, 1, "Stand");
	}
	else if (statusFlag == 1) ////躺着状态
	{
		LCD_Write_String(11, 1, "Lie  ");
	}
	else if (statusFlag == 2) //跑着状态
	{
		LCD_Write_String(11, 1, "Run  ");
	}
	else if (statusFlag == 3) //走着状态
	{
		LCD_Write_String(11, 1, "Walk ");
	}
}

//显示选择界面
void DispSelect(unsigned char setIndex)
{
	LCD_Write_String(1, 0, "1.Search");	   //选项1查询
	LCD_Write_String(1, 1, "2.Empty All"); //选项2删除所有

	if (setIndex == 1)
	{
		DispOneChar(0, 0, '>');
		DispOneChar(0, 1, ' ');
	}
	else if (setIndex == 2)
	{
		DispOneChar(0, 0, ' ');
		DispOneChar(0, 1, '>');
	}
}


//显示读取步数
void DispReadStep(unsigned char i)
{
	unsigned int readStep = 0;

	readStep = ReadData(i);
	sprintf(dis0, "Data %02d S:%04d", (int)i, readStep); //打印
	LCD_Write_String(0, 0, dis0);						 //显示
}

//存储数据
void SaveData(void)
{
	if (saveCnt >= MAXCNT) //最大存储数量
	{
		LCD_Clear();
		LCD_Write_String(0, 0, " Storage Full!  "); //显示存储空间已满
		DelayMs(200);
		DelayMs(200);
		DelayMs(200);
		DelayMs(200);
	}
	else
	{
		EEPROM_WriteByte(START_ADDR + 2*saveCnt, (((stepCnt/2) & 0xFF00) >> 8));
		DelayMs(1);
		EEPROM_WriteByte(START_ADDR + 2*saveCnt + 1, ((stepCnt/2) & 0x00FF));
		DelayMs(1);
		saveCnt++;
		EEPROM_WriteByte(SAVECNT_ADDR, saveCnt); //将存储数据总数写入EEPROM
		DelayMs(1);
	}
}

//读取数据
unsigned int ReadData(unsigned char i)
{
	unsigned int readStep = 0;
	readStep = EEPROM_ReadByte(START_ADDR + 2*i);
	DelayMs(1);
	readStep = EEPROM_ReadByte(START_ADDR + 2*i + 1) | (readStep << 8);
	DelayMs(1);
	return readStep;
}

//清空数据
void EmptyData(void)
{
	unsigned char i;

	saveCnt = 0;
	stepCnt = 0;
	EEPROM_WriteByte(SAVECNT_ADDR, saveCnt); //将存储数据总数写入EEPROM
	DelayMs(1);
	for (i = 0; i < MAXCNT; i++)
	{
		EEPROM_WriteByte(START_ADDR + 2*i, (((stepCnt/2) & 0xFF00) >> 8));
		DelayMs(1);
		EEPROM_WriteByte(START_ADDR + 2*i + 1, ((stepCnt/2) & 0x00FF));
		DelayMs(1);
	}
}


//按键扫描
void KeyScan()
{
	static char cnt = 0;

	if (!KEY_SEARCH) //查询键按下
	{
		DelayMs(5);
		if (!KEY_SEARCH)
		{
			if (dispMode == NORMAL)
			{
				LCD_Clear();
				dispMode = SELECT;
				setIndex = 1;
			}
			else if (dispMode == SELECT)
			{

				LCD_Clear();
				dispMode = NORMAL;
				setIndex = 0;
			}
			switch (dispMode)
			{
			case SELECT:
				DispSelect(setIndex);
				break;
			}
		}
		while (!KEY_SEARCH)
			;
	}

	if (!KEY_ENTER) //确认键按下
	{
		DelayMs(5);
		if (!KEY_ENTER)
		{
			if (dispMode == SELECT)
			{
				if (setIndex == 1)
				{
					LCD_Clear();
					dispMode = SEARCH;
					cnt = 0;
				}
				else if (setIndex == 2)
				{
					LCD_Clear();
					LCD_Write_String(0, 0, "   Empty All!   ");
					EmptyData();
					DelayMs(200);
					DelayMs(200);
					DelayMs(200);
					DelayMs(200);
					LCD_Clear();
					dispMode = NORMAL;
				}
			}
			else if (dispMode == SEARCH)
			{
				LCD_Clear();
				dispMode = NORMAL;
			}
			switch (dispMode)
			{
			case SELECT:
				DispSelect(setIndex);
				break;
			case SEARCH:
				DispReadStep(cnt);
				break;
			}
		}
		while (!KEY_ENTER)
			;
	}

	if (!KEY_UP) //上键按下
	{
		DelayMs(5);
		if (!KEY_UP)
		{
			if (dispMode == NORMAL)
			{
				LCD_Clear();
				sprintf(dis0, "Save %2d Success!", (int)(saveCnt));
				LCD_Write_String(0, 0, dis0);
				SaveData();	 //存储数据
				DelayMs(200);
				DelayMs(200);
				DelayMs(200);
				DelayMs(200);
				stepCnt = 0; //归零本次数据
				distance = 0;
				calorie = 0;
			}
			else if (dispMode == SELECT)
			{
				setIndex++;
				if (setIndex > 3)
				{
					setIndex = 1;
				}
			}
			else if (dispMode == SEARCH)
			{
				cnt++;
				if (cnt >= MAXCNT)
				{
					cnt = 0;
				}
			}
			switch (dispMode)
			{
			case SELECT:
				DispSelect(setIndex);
				break;
			case SEARCH:
				DispReadStep(cnt);
				break;
			}
		}
		while (!KEY_UP)
			;
	}

	if (!KEY_DOWN) //下键按下
	{
		DelayMs(5);
		if (!KEY_DOWN)
		{
			if (dispMode == NORMAL)
			{
				stepCnt = 0; //归零本次数据
				distance = 0;
				calorie = 0;
			}
			else if (dispMode == SELECT)
			{
				setIndex--;
				if (setIndex < 1)
				{
					setIndex = 2;
				}
			}
			else if (dispMode == SEARCH)
			{
				cnt--;
				if (cnt < 0)
				{
					cnt = MAXCNT - 1;
				}
			}
			switch (dispMode)
			{
			case SELECT:
				DispSelect(setIndex);
				break;
			case SEARCH:
				DispReadStep(cnt);
				break;
			}
		}
		while (!KEY_DOWN)
			;
	}
}

//定时器0初始化
void Init_Timer0(void)
{
	TMOD &= 0xF0;
	TMOD |= 0x01;				 //使用模式1，16位定时器，使用"|"符号可以在使用多个定时器时不受影响
	TH0 = (65536 - 18432) / 256; //重新赋值 20ms
	TL0 = (65536 - 18432) % 256;
	EA = 1;	 //总中断打开
	ET0 = 1; //定时器中断打开
	TR0 = 1; //定时器开关打开
}

//定时器0中断
void Timer0_isr(void) interrupt 1
{
	static unsigned int time_20ms = 0; //定时器计数;

	TH0 = (65536 - 18432) / 256; //重新赋值 20ms
	TL0 = (65536 - 18432) % 256;

	time_20ms++;

	if (time_20ms >= 200)
	{
		time_20ms = 0;
	}

	if (time_20ms % 10 == 0)
	{
		refreshFlag = 1;
	}

	if (time_20ms % 5 == 0)
	{
		readAdx = 1;
	}
}