本文介绍了一个基于C++实现的ATM模拟系统的设计与实现。系统包括账户管理、存款、取款、余额查询等功能，并支持储蓄卡和信用卡两种账户类型。文章详细展示了类的设计、账户操作流程及文件存储机制。
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <sstream>
#include <fstream>
#include<ctime>
#include <conio.h>
#define account0 7116620100000254000 //第一个开户的卡号
#define random(a,b) (rand()%(b-a+1)+a)
using namespace std;
int number=0;
class ATM;
class depositcard;
class creditcard;
class account
{
public:
account()
{
id="0",name="0",sex="0",address="0",tele="0",shenfen="0",password="0",money=0; //默认构造函数
}
account(string i,string n,string se,string a,string t,string s,string p,double m) //带参数构造函数
{
id=i,name=n,sex=se,address=a,tele=t,shenfen=s,password=p,money=m;
}
string getid()
{
return id;
}
void display(); //用户信息界面
void querymoney(); //余额查询
protected:
string id,name,address,tele,shenfen,password,sex;
double money;
};
class ATM
{
public:
void setdeposit(); //储存卡开户
void setcredit(); //信用卡开户
void enterdeposit(); //储存卡登录
void entercredit(); //信用卡登录
void delaccount(); //销户
void exitatm(); //退出
void dsave(); //储蓄卡类导入磁盘文件
void csave(); //信用卡类导入磁盘文件
void dread(); //储蓄卡信息从磁盘文件导出
void cread(); //信用卡信息从磁盘文件导出
string inputpassword(); //设置账户的密码
bool checkshen(string str); //检查身份证是否合格
void menu(); //功能菜单
protected:
depositcard *deposit[50]; //定义多个储存卡对象
creditcard *credit[50]; //定义多个信用卡对象
static int depositcount,creditcount;
};
class depositcard:public account ,public ATM //账户派生类：储蓄卡
{
public:
friend class ATM;
depositcard(string i,string n,string se,string a,string t,string s,string p,double m):account(i,n,se,a,t,s,p,m) {}
void save(); //存钱功能
void fetch(); //取钱功能
void lixi(); //利息计算
string getp()
{
return password;
}
};
class creditcard:public account ,public ATM //账户派生类：信用卡
{
public:
friend class ATM;
creditcard(string i,string n,string se,string a,string t,string s,string p,double m,double tou,double tm):
account(i,n,se,a,t,s,p,m),touzhi(tou),tmax(tm) {}
void save(); //存钱功能
void fetch(); //取钱功能
void lixi(); //利息计算
void toumoney(); //每月要透支的钱
void show();
string getp()
{
return password;
}
string getid()
{
return id;
}
double gettouzhi();
double gettmax();
void add(double x);
private:
double touzhi; //透支额度
double tmax;
};
void creditcard::show()
{
cout<<"透支余额："<<touzhi<<endl;
cout<<"请按任意键继续！"<<endl;
}
int ATM::depositcount=0;
int ATM::creditcount=0;
void ATM::dsave() //储蓄卡类导入磁盘文件
{
ofstream infile("deposit.txt",ios::out);//以输出方式打开文件
ofstream outfile("deposit.txt",ios::out);//以输出方式打开文件,接收从内存输出的数据
int n=0;
outfile<<depositcount<<" ";
for(n=0; n<depositcount; n++)
{
outfile<<deposit[n]->id<<" ";//把信息写入磁盘文件bankdat.dat
outfile<<deposit[n]->money<<" ";
outfile<<deposit[n]->name<<" ";
outfile<<deposit[n]->password<<" ";
outfile<<deposit[n]->shenfen<<" ";
outfile<<deposit[n]->tele<<" ";
outfile<<deposit[n]->address<<" ";
outfile<<deposit[n]->sex<<" ";
}
outfile.close();
}
void ATM::dread()
{
int n;
string id,sex;
string nam,passw,tele;
double money;
string shenfen;
string address;
ifstream infile("deposit.txt",ios::in); //以输入方式打开文件
infile>>depositcount;
if(!infile)
{
cerr<<"Error reading, no data!"<<endl;
return;
}
for(n=0; n<depositcount; n++) //全部读入
{
infile>>id;
infile>>money;
infile>>nam;
infile>>passw;
infile>>shenfen;
infile>>tele;
infile>>address;
infile>>sex;
depositcard * acc = new depositcard(id,nam,sex,address,tele,shenfen,passw,money); //每读入一个n开辟一段内存
deposit[n] = acc; //赋值首地址
}
infile.close();
cout<<"Normal reading !"<<endl;
}
void ATM::csave() //信用卡类导入磁盘文件
{
ofstream infile("credit.txt",ios::out);//以输出方式打开文件
ofstream outfile("credit.txt",ios::out);//以输出方式打开文件 bankdat.dat接收从内存输出的数据
int n=0;
outfile<<creditcount<<" ";
for(n=0; n<creditcount; n++)
{
outfile<<credit[n]->id<<" ";//把信息写入磁盘文件bankdat.dat
outfile<<credit[n]->money<<" ";
outfile<<credit[n]->name<<" ";
outfile<<credit[n]->password<<" ";
outfile<<credit[n]->shenfen<<" ";
outfile<<credit[n]->tele<<" ";
outfile<<credit[n]->address<<" ";
outfile<<credit[n]->sex<<" ";
outfile<<credit[n]->touzhi<<" ";
outfile<<credit[n]->tmax<<" ";
}
outfile.close();
}
void ATM::cread()
{
int n;
string id,sex;
string nam,passw,tele;
double money,touzhi,tmax;
string shenfen;
string address;
ifstream infile("deposit.txt",ios::in); //以输入方式打开文件
infile>>depositcount;
if(!infile)
{
cerr<<"Error reading, no data!"<<endl;
return;
}
for(n=0; n<depositcount; n++) //全部读入
{
infile>>id;
infile>>money;
infile>>nam;
infile>>passw;
infile>>shenfen;
infile>>tele;
infile>>address;
infile>>sex;
infile>>touzhi;
infile>>tmax;
creditcard * acc = new creditcard(id,nam,sex,address,tele,shenfen,passw,money,touzhi,tmax); //每读入一个n开辟一段内存
credit[n] = acc; //赋值首地址
}
infile.close();
cout<<"Normal reading !"<<endl;
}
string ATM::inputpassword()
{
string s;
char ch;
while((ch=getch())!='\r')
{
s+=ch;
cout<<"*";
}
return s;
}
void account::display() //用户信息界面
{
cin.get();
system("cls");
cout<<"**************************************************************"<<endl;
cout<<"* "<<endl;
cout<<"* 姓名："<<name<<" "<<endl;
cout<<"* 性别："<<sex<<" "<<endl;
cout<<"* 地址："<<address<<" "<<endl;
cout<<"* 手机："<<tele<<" "<<endl;
cout<<"* 卡号："<<id<<" "<<endl;
cout<<"* 余额: "<<money<<" "<<endl;
cout<<"* 按输入键回到上一菜单 "<<endl;
cout<<"* "<<endl;
cout<<"**************************************************************"<<endl;
}
bool ATM::checkshen(string str)
{
int len = str.length();
if (len != 18)
{
return false;
}
else
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < 18; i++)
{
if (str[i] < '0' || str[i] > '9')
{
if (i == 17 && str[i] != 'x' && str[i] != 'X')
{
return false;
}
else if (i != 17)
{
return false;
}
else
return false;
}
}
}
return true;
}
void ATM::exitatm()
{
cout<<"感谢您使用ATM存取一体机，欢迎再来！"<<endl;
exit(0);
}
void ATM::menu() //功能菜单函数
{
int u;
cout << endl << endl << endl << endl << endl;
cout << " *******************************" << endl;
cout << " * *" << endl;
cout << " * 欢迎使用ATM存取一体机! *" << endl;
cout << " * *" << endl;
cout << " *******************************" << endl << endl;
cout << " 按任意键继续!" << endl;
getch();
do
{
system("cls");
cout<<endl<<endl<<endl<<endl<<" 请选择操作序号！(1~6)"<<endl;
cout<<" **********************************************************"<<endl;
cout<<" * *"<<endl;
cout<<" * 1.储蓄卡账户创建 *"<<endl;
cout<<" * 2.储蓄卡账户登录 *"<<endl;
cout<<" * 3.信用卡账户创建 *"<<endl;
cout<<" * 4.信用卡账户登录 *"<<endl;
cout<<" * 5.账户注销 *"<<endl;
cout<<" * 6.退出 *"<<endl;
cout<<" * *"<<endl;
cout<<" **********************************************************"<<endl;
cin>>u;
while(u<1||u>7)
{
cout<<"请合法输入!"<<endl;
cin>>u;
}
system("cls");
switch(u)
{
case 1:
setdeposit();
//创建储蓄卡账户
break;
case 2:
enterdeposit();
break; //储蓄卡登录
case 3:
setcredit();
break; //创建信用卡账户
case 4:
entercredit();
break; //信用卡登录
case 5:
delaccount();
break; //账户注销*/
case 6:
exitatm();
break; //退出
}
}
while(1);
system("cls");
}
void ATM::setdeposit() //创建账户
{
srand((unsigned)time(NULL));
string i,n,a,t,s,se,p;
double m;
int find=1;
cin.get();
cout<<"请输入姓名："<<endl;
getline(cin,n);
cout<<"请输入性别：(男或女)"<<endl;
cin>>se;
cin.get();
cout<<"请输入地址："<<endl;
getline(cin,a);
cout<<"请输入手机号：(11位)"<<endl;
cin>>t;
while(1)
{
cout<<"请输入身份证号："<<endl;
cin>>s;
if(!checkshen(s))
{
cout<<"不合法输入!"<<endl;
continue;
}
else
break;
}
while(1)
{
int x=2;
cout<<"请输入6位纯数字密码："<<endl;
p=inputpassword();
cout<<endl;
string p1;
cout<<"请在输入您设置的密码!"<<endl;
p1=inputpassword();
cout<<endl;
while(p!=p1&&x!=0)
{
cout<<"输入错误，请重新输入！("<<x<<"次机会)"<<endl;
p1=inputpassword();
x--;
cout<<endl;
}
if(p1==p)
break;
if(x==0)
{
find=0;
break;
}
}
if(find==0)
return ;
cout<<"请输入存入金额："<<endl;
cin>>m;
while(m<=0)
{
cout<<"请合法输入金额："<<endl;
cin>>m;
}
cin.get();
unsigned long long acc = account0 + random(1,100)+number;
number++;
cout<<"开户成功！"<<endl<<endl;
cout << "您的银行卡号为:" << acc << " 请牢记! 卡号将用于您的账户登陆!" << endl;
stringstream str;
str << acc;
str >> i;
deposit[depositcount]=new depositcard(i,n,se,a,t,s,p,m); //把新建账户对象地址传过去
++depositcount;
dsave();
cout<<"请按任意键继续!"<<endl;
cin.get();
return;
}
void ATM::setcredit() //创建信用卡账户
{
srand((unsigned)time(NULL));
string i,n,a,t,s,se,p;
double m;
double tou,tmax;
int find=1;
cin.get();
cout<<"请输入姓名："<<endl;
getline(cin,n);
cout<<"请输入性别：(男或女)"<<endl;
cin>>se;
cin.get();
cout<<"请输入地址："<<endl;
getline(cin,a);
cout<<"请输入手机号：(11位)"<<endl;
cin>>t;
while(1)
{
cout<<"请输入身份证号："<<endl;
cin>>s;
if(!checkshen(s))
{
cout<<"不合法输入!"<<endl;
continue;
}
else
break;
}
while(1)
{
int x=2;
cout<<"请输入6位纯数字密码："<<endl;
p=inputpassword();
cout<<endl;
string p1;
cout<<"请在输入您设置的密码!"<<endl;
p1=inputpassword();
cout<<endl;
while(p!=p1)
{
cout<<"输入错误，请重新输入！("<<x<<"次机会)"<<endl;
p1=inputpassword();
x--;
cout<<endl;
}
if(p1==p)
break;
if(x==0)
{
find=0;
break;
}
}
if(find==0)
return ;
cout<<"请输入存入金额："<<endl;
cin>>m;
while(m<=0)
{
cout<<"请合法输入金额："<<endl;
cin>>m;
}
cout<<"请输入透支金额！(大于2000，小于10000)"<<endl;
cin>>tou;
while(tou<=2000||tou>10000)
{
cout<<"请合法输入！"<<endl;
cin>>tou;
}
tmax=tou;
cin.get();
unsigned long long acc = account0 + random(1,100)+number;
number++;
cout<<"开户成功！"<<endl<<endl;
cout << "您的银行卡号为:" << acc << " 请牢记! 卡号将用于您的账户登陆!" << endl;
stringstream str;
str << acc;
str >> i;
creditcard * pt=new creditcard(i,n,se,a,t,s,p,m,tou,tmax); //动态建立一个账户对象
credit[creditcount]=pt; //把新建账户对象地址传过去
creditcount++;
csave();
cout<<"请按任意键继续!"<<endl;
cin.get();
}
void ATM::enterdeposit() //储蓄卡登录
{
dread();
string id,p;
int f1=1;
int flag=1,j,i=0;int x=2,y=2;
cout<<"请输入卡号："<<endl;
cin>>id;
while(flag&&x!=0)
{
for(int i=0; i<depositcount; i++)
{
if(id==deposit[i]->getid())
{
flag=0;
j=i;
break;
}
}
if(flag==1)
{
cout<<"账号不存在,请重新输入！("<<x<<"次机会)"<<endl;
cin>>id;
x--;
}
if(x==0)
cout<<"返回上一界面！"<<endl;
}
if(x==0)
{
return;
}
while(1)
{
cout<<"请输入密码:"<<endl;
p=inputpassword();
if(p!=deposit[j]->getp())
{
cout<<endl<<"密码错误,请重新输入！("<<y<<"次机会)"<<endl;
p=inputpassword();
y--;
}
else
break;
if(y==0)
{
f1=0;
cout<<"返回上一界面！"<<endl;
break;
}
}
if(f1==0)
return;
int n;
do
{
system("cls");
cout<<"请选择操作序号！"<<endl;
cout<<"**********************************************************"<<endl;
cout<<"* *"<<endl;
cout<<"* 1.用户信息 *"<<endl;
cout<<"* 2.存款 *"<<endl;
cout<<"* 3.取款 *"<<endl;
cout<<"* 4.余额查询 *"<<endl;
cout<<"* 5.利息计算 *"<<endl;
cout<<"* 6.返回上一界面 *"<<endl;
cout<<"* *"<<endl;
cout<<"**********************************************************"<<endl;
cin>>n;
while(n<1||n>6)
{
cout<<"请合法输入!"<<endl;
cin>>n;
}
switch(n)
{
case 1:
deposit[j]->display(); //用户信息界面
break;
case 2:
deposit[j]->save();
dsave();
break; //储蓄卡存钱
case 3:
deposit[j]->fetch();
dsave();
break; //储蓄卡取钱
case 4:
deposit[j]->querymoney();
dsave();
break; //储蓄卡余额查询
case 5:
deposit[j]->lixi(); //利息计算
dsave();
break;
case 6:
return ;
}
cin.get();
}
while(1);
}
void ATM::entercredit() //信用卡登录
{
cread();
string id,p;
int f1=1;
int flag=1,j,i=0;int x=2,y=2;
cout<<"请输入卡号："<<endl;
cin>>id;
while(flag)
{
for(int i=0; i<creditcount; i++)
{
if(id==credit[i]->getid())
{
flag=0;
j=i;
break;
}
}
if(flag==1)
{
cout<<"账号不存在,请重新输入！"<<endl;
cin>>id;
}
}
while(1)
{
cout<<"请输入密码:"<<endl;
p=inputpassword();
if(p!=credit[j]->getp())
{
cout<<endl<<"密码错误,请重新输入！("<<y-2<<"次机会！"<<endl;
p=inputpassword();
y--;
}
else
break;
if(y==0)
{
f1=0;
break;
}
}
if(f1==0)
return ;
int n;
do
{
system("cls");
cout<<"请选择操作序号！"<<endl;
cout<<"**********************************************************"<<endl;
cout<<"* *"<<endl;
cout<<"* 1.用户信息 *"<<endl;
cout<<"* 2.存款或还款 *"<<endl;
cout<<"* 3.取款 *"<<endl;
cout<<"* 4.余额查询 *"<<endl;
cout<<"* 5.返回上一界面 *"<<endl;
cout<<"* *"<<endl;
cout<<"**********************************************************"<<endl;
cin>>n;
while(n<1||n>6)
{
cout<<"请合法输入!"<<endl;
cin>>n;
}
switch(n)
{
case 1:
credit[j]->display(); //用户信息界面
credit[j]->show();
break;
case 2:
credit[j]->save();
csave();
break; //信用卡存钱
case 3:
credit[j]->fetch();
csave();
break; //信用卡取钱
case 4:
credit[j]->querymoney();
credit[j]->show();
csave();
break; //信用卡余额查询
case 5:
return ;
}
cin.get();
}
while(1);
}
void creditcard::save() //信用卡存钱或还钱
{
double a;
int find=1;
if(touzhi<tmax)
{
find=0;
cout<<"输入存放金钱，但请先还款透支金额！"<<endl;
cin>>a;
while(a<0)
{
cout<<"请合法输入！"<<endl;
cin>>a;
}
if(a<tmax-touzhi)
{
touzhi+=a;
cout<<"您当前只还款一部分！"<<endl;
}
else if(a>=tmax-touzhi)
{
a-=(tmax-touzhi);
cout<<"您已经完成还款！"<<endl;
money+=a;
cout<<"当前余额为："<<money<<endl;
cout<<"透支余额为："<<tmax<<endl;
}
}
if(touzhi==tmax&&find==1)
{
cout<<"输入存放金钱！"<<endl;
cin>>a;
while(a<0)
{
cout<<"请合法输入！"<<endl;
cin>>a;
}
money+=a;
cout<<"当前余额为："<<money<<endl;
}
cout<<"请按任意键继续！"<<endl;
cin.get();
}
void creditcard::fetch() //信用卡取钱
{
double a,b;
b=money+touzhi;
system("cls");
cout<<"当前余额："<<money<<endl;
cout<<"透支余额："<<touzhi<<endl;
cout<<"输入取款金额！"<<endl;
cin>>a;
while(a<0||a>b)
{
if(a<0)
{
cout<<"请合法输入！"<<endl;
cin>>a;
}
else
{
cout<<"取款金额不足,请重新输入！"<<endl;
cin>>a;
}
}
if(a<=money)
{
money-=a;
cout<<"取款成功，请按任意键继续！"<<endl;
}
else
{
touzhi-=(a-money);
money=0;
cout<<"取款成功，请按任意键继续！"<<endl;
}
cin.get();
}
void depositcard::save() //储蓄卡存钱
{
cin.get();
system("cls");
double a;
cout<<"请输入存款金额！"<<endl;
cin>>a;
while(a<=0)
{
cout<<"请合法输入！"<<endl;
cin>>a;
}
cout<<"存款成功！"<<endl;
money+=a;
cout<<"请按任意键继续！"<<endl;
cin.get();
}
void account::querymoney()
{
system("cls");
cout<<"您账户当前余额为："<<money<<endl;
cin.get();
}
void depositcard::fetch() //储蓄卡取钱
{
system("cls");
double a;
int b;
do
{
cout<<"请输入取款金额！"<<endl;
cin>>a;
while(a<0)
{
cout<<"请合法输入！"<<endl;
cin>>a;
}
if(money<a)
{
cout<<"对不起，您的余额不足！"<<endl;
}
else
{
money=money-a;
cout<<endl<<"取款成功！"<<endl;
}
cout<<"是否继续取款？是(0)/否(1) "<<endl;
cin>>b;
while(b!=0&&b!=1)//选择错误时判定
{
cout<<"请合法输入！"<<endl;
cin>>b;
}
}
while(b==0);
cout<<"请按任意键继续！"<<endl;
cin.get();
}
void depositcard::lixi() //储蓄卡查利息
{
system("cls");
double month,lixi;
cout<<"你打算把钱存几个月？"<<endl;
cout<<" 利率表"<<endl;
cout<<"(1~4月)，利率：0.001"<<endl;
cout<<"(5~8月)，利率：0.0014"<<endl;
cout<<"(9~12月)，利率：0.0018"<<endl;
cout<<"(大于12月)，利率：0.002"<<endl;
cin>>month;
while(month<=0)
{
cout<<"请合法输入！"<<endl;
cin>>month;
}
if(month<=4)
{
lixi=money*0.001*month;
}
else if(month<=8)
{
lixi=money*0.0014*month;
}
else if(month<=12)
{
lixi=money*0.0018*month;
}
else if(month>12)
{
lixi=money*0.002*month;
}
money+=lixi;
cout<<"请按任意键继续！"<<endl;
cin.get();
}
void ATM::delaccount() //销户
{
int n,i=0,j,k,flag=1;
string id,p;
cout<<"储蓄卡销户(0)/信用卡销户(1)"<<endl;
cin>>n;
while(n!=0&&n!=1)
{
cout<<"请合法输入！"<<endl;
cin>>n;
}
if(n==0)
{
while(flag)
{
cout<<"请输入你要销户的卡号："<<endl;
cin>>id;
for(i=0; i<depositcount; i++)
{
if(id==deposit[i]->getid())
{
j=i;
flag=0;
break;
}
}
if(flag==1)
{
cout<<"账号不存在,请重新输入！"<<endl;
cin>>id;
}
}
while(1)
{
cout<<"请输入密码:"<<endl;
p=inputpassword();
if(p!=deposit[j]->getp())
{
cout<<"密码错误,请重新输入！"<<endl;
p=inputpassword();
}
else
break;
}
delete deposit[j];
for(k=j; k<depositcount; k++) //所有被删号后的数据重新存储
{
deposit[k] = deposit[k+1];
}
deposit[depositcount-1]=NULL;
depositcount--; //账号总数自减一次
cout<<"你的账户已经被注销!"<<endl<<endl;
dsave();
cin.get();
}
if(n==1)
{
double a;
while(flag)
{
cout<<"请输入你要销户的卡号："<<endl;
cin>>id;
for(i=0; i<creditcount; i++)
{
if(id==credit[i]->getid())
{
j=i;
flag=0;
break;
}
}
if(flag==1)
{
cout<<"账号不存在,请重新输入！"<<endl;
cin>>id;
}
}
while(1)
{
cout<<"请输入密码:"<<endl;
p=inputpassword();
if(p!=credit[j]->getp())
{
cout<<"密码错误,请重新输入！"<<endl;
p=inputpassword();
}
else
break;
}
while(credit[j]->gettouzhi()<credit[j]->gettmax())
{
cout<<"请先还款,您所欠透支金额为："<<credit[j]->gettmax()-credit[j]->gettouzhi()<<endl;
cin>>a;
credit[j]->add(a);
}
delete credit[j];
for(int j=i; j<creditcount; j++) //所有被删号后的数据重新存储
{
credit[j] = credit[j+1];
}
credit[creditcount-1]=NULL;
creditcount--; //账号总数自减一次
cout<<"你的账户已经被注销!"<<endl<<endl;
csave();
cin.get();
}
cout<<endl<<"请按任意键继续！"<<endl;
cin.get();
}
double creditcard::gettouzhi()
{
return touzhi;
}
double creditcard::gettmax()
{
return tmax;
}
void creditcard::add(double x)
{
touzhi+=x;
}
int main()
{
ATM atm;
atm.menu();
return 0;
}
需要自己亲自动手敲一下，才能发现自己的问题，针对自己的问题再从百度上搜取，这样做一道大作业能收获很多。
简单介绍一下我写的程序
该程序的结构：account账户为基类，depositcard储蓄卡和creditcard信用卡为account的派生类，创建ATM类，在ATM的私有数据中创建储蓄卡类的对象数组和信用卡类的对象数组。
进入界面，有五项功能，1.储蓄卡账户创建，2.储蓄卡账户登录，3.信用卡账户创建，4.信用卡账户登录，5.账户注销 ，6.退出。
在储蓄卡账户创建时，输入姓名，性别，地址，手机号，身份证号，密码，初始存入金额，最后系统自动生成卡号，记得复制。
在信用卡账户创建时，输入姓名，性别，地址，手机号，身份证号，密码，初始存入金额，此卡能透支的金额，最后系统自动生成卡号，记得复制。
储蓄卡账户登录后，1.用户信息，2.存款，3.取款，4.余额查询，5.利息计算，6.返回上一界面。利息计算是死期的。
信用卡账户登录后，1.用户信息，2.存款或还款，3.取款，4.余额查询，5.返回上一界面。信用卡可以进行透支，也可以存钱，但是还款时需要先把透支的前还上。
账户卡注销时，分为储蓄卡注销和信用卡注销，但是在信用卡注销时需要把透支的金额先还上。
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