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文章目录
01.整合SSM
创建数据库ssmhello
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`;
CREATE TABLE `books` (
`bookID` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',
`bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',
`bookCounts` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量',
`detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',
KEY `bookID` (`bookID`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
INSERT INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`)VALUES
(1,'Java',80,'Java核心技术卷'),
(2,'MySQL',30,'必知必会'),
(3,'Linux',98,'鸟哥的linux私房菜');
搭建环境
1、新建一Maven项目
2.导入依赖
<dependencies>
<!--Junit-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
</dependency>
<!--数据库驱动-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.48</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据库连接池 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.5.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--Servlet - JSP -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--Mybatis-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.6</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis-spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>2.0.6</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring-->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-jdbc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--AOP-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.9.6</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
资源过滤设置:
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
配置lib.
mybatis整合
1.数据库配置文件
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmhello?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456
2.Mybatis核心配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<typeAliases>
<package name="com.mengyangchen.pojo"/>
</typeAliases>
<mappers>
<mapper resource="com/mengyangchen/dao/BookMapper.xml"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
3.编写pojo的实体类
package com.mengyangchen.pojo;
public class Books {
private int bookID;
private String bookName;
private int bookCounts;
private String detail;
public Books() {
}
public Books(int bookID, String bookName, int bookCounts, String detail) {
this.bookID = bookID;
this.bookName = bookName;
this.bookCounts = bookCounts;
this.detail = detail;
}
public int getBookID() {
return bookID;
}
public void setBookID(int bookID) {
this.bookID = bookID;
}
public String getBookName() {
return bookName;
}
public void setBookName(String bookName) {
this.bookName = bookName;
}
public int getBookCounts() {
return bookCounts;
}
public void setBookCounts(int bookCounts) {
this.bookCounts = bookCounts;
}
public String getDetail() {
return detail;
}
public void setDetail(String detail) {
this.detail = detail;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Books{" +
"bookID=" + bookID +
", bookName='" + bookName + '\'' +
", bookCounts=" + bookCounts +
", detail='" + detail + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
4.编写dao层的Mapper接口
package com.mengyangchen.dao;
import com.mengyangchen.pojo.Books;
import java.util.List;
public interface BookMapper {
//增加一个Book
int addBook(Books book);
//根据id删除一个Book
int deleteBookById(int id);
//更新Book
int updateBook(Books books);
//根据id查询,返回一个Book
Books queryBookById(int id);
//查询全部Book,返回list集合
List<Books> queryAllBook();
}
5.编写dao层接口对应的Mapper.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.mengyangchen.dao.BookMapper">
<!--增加一个Book-->
<insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books">
insert into ssmhello.books(bookName,bookCounts,detail)
values (#{bookName}, #{bookCounts}, #{detail})
</insert>
<!--根据id删除一个Book-->
<delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="int">
delete from ssmhello.books where bookID=#{bookID}
</delete>
<!--更新Book-->
<update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books">
update ssmhello.books
set bookName = #{bookName},bookCounts = #{bookCounts},detail = #{detail}
where bookID = #{bookID}
</update>
<!--根据id查询,返回一个Book-->
<select id="queryBookById" resultType="Books">
select * from ssmhello.books
where bookID = #{bookID}
</select>
<!--查询全部Book-->
<select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books">
SELECT * from ssmhello.books
</select>
</mapper>
6.编写Service层的接口
package com.mengyangchen.service;
import com.mengyangchen.pojo.Books;
import java.util.List;
/**
* BookService:底下需要去实现,调用dao层
*/
public interface BookService {
//增加一个Book
int addBook(Books book);
//根据id删除一个Book
int deleteBookById(int id);
//更新Book
int updateBook(Books books);
//根据id查询,返回一个Book
Books queryBookById(int id);
//查询全部Book,返回list集合
List<Books> queryAllBook();
}
7.编写Service层的实现类
package com.mengyangchen.service;
import com.mengyangchen.dao.BookMapper;
import com.mengyangchen.pojo.Books;
import java.util.List;
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService{
//调用dao层的操作,设置一个set接口,方便Spring管理
private BookMapper bookMapper;
public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {
this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
}
@Override
public int addBook(Books book) {
return bookMapper.addBook(book);
}
@Override
public int deleteBookById(int id) {
return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id);
}
@Override
public int updateBook(Books books) {
return bookMapper.updateBook(books);
}
@Override
public Books queryBookById(int id) {
return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);
}
@Override
public List<Books> queryAllBook() {
return bookMapper.queryAllBook();
}
}
整合spring
1.整合mybatis的相关配置文件(spring-dao.xml)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 配置整合mybatis -->
<!-- 1.关联数据库文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>
<!-- 2.数据库连接池 -->
<!--数据库连接池
dbcp 半自动化操作 不能自动连接
c3p0 自动化操作(自动的加载配置文件 并且设置到对象里面)
-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<!-- 配置连接池属性 -->
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
<!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性 -->
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
<property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
<!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit -->
<property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
<!-- 获取连接超时时间 -->
<property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
<!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 -->
<property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
</bean>
<!-- 3.配置SqlSessionFactory对象 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!-- 配置MyBaties全局配置文件:mybatis-config.xml -->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
</bean>
<!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包,动态实现Dao接口注入到spring容器中 -->
<!--解释 :https://www.cnblogs.com/jpfss/p/7799806.html-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
<!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 -->
<property name="basePackage" value="com.mengyangchen.dao"/>
</bean>
</beans>
2.spring整合service层(spring-service.xml)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
https://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
<!-- 扫描service相关的bean -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.mengyangchen.service" />
<!--BookServiceImpl注入到IOC容器中-->
<bean id="BookServiceImpl" class="com.mengyangchen.service.BookServiceImpl">
<property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>
</bean>
<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<!--结合AOP实现事务的注入-->
<!--配置事务通知-->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<!--给哪些方法配置事务-->
<!--配置事务的传播特性 propagation-->
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="*"/><!--所有方法开启事务-->
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<!--配置事务切入-->
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut id="txPointCut" expression="execution(* com.mengyangchen.dao.*.*(..))"/>
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPointCut"/>
</aop:config>
</beans>
整合Spring MVC
1.配置web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!--DispatcherServlet-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<!--一定要注意:我们这里加载的是总的配置文件,之前被这里坑了!-->
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!--encodingFilter-->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>
org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter
</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!--Session过期时间-->
<session-config>
<session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
</session-config>
</web-app>
2.配置spring-mvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 配置SpringMVC -->
<!-- 1.开启SpringMVC注解驱动 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 2.静态资源默认servlet配置-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 3.配置jsp 显示ViewResolver视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
<property name="prefix" value="/jsp/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
<!-- 4.扫描web相关的bean -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.mengyangchen.controller" />
</beans>
3.spring整合配置文件(applicationContext.xml)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<import resource="spring-dao.xml"/>
<import resource="spring-service.xml"/>
<import resource="spring-mvc.xml"/>
</beans>
编写代码和测试
1.编写controller层
package com.mengyangchen.controller;
import com.mengyangchen.pojo.Books;
import com.mengyangchen.service.BookService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import java.util.List;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
@Autowired
@Qualifier("BookServiceImpl")
private BookService bookService;
/*查询书籍*/
@RequestMapping("/allBook")
public String list(Model model) {
List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook();
model.addAttribute("list", list);
return "allBook";
}
/*跳转到添加书籍页面*/
@RequestMapping("/toAddBook")
public String toAddPaper() {
return "addBook";
}
/*添加书籍*/
@RequestMapping("/addBook")
public String addPaper(Books books) {
System.out.println(books);
bookService.addBook(books);
return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}
/*跳转到更新书籍页面*/
@RequestMapping("/toUpdateBook")
public String toUpdateBook(Model model, int id) {
Books books = bookService.queryBookById(id);
System.out.println(books);
model.addAttribute("book",books );
return "updateBook";
}
/*修改书籍*/
@RequestMapping("/updateBook")
public String updateBook(Model model, Books book) {
System.out.println(book);
bookService.updateBook(book);
Books books = bookService.queryBookById(book.getBookID());
model.addAttribute("books", books);
return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}
/*删除书籍*/
@RequestMapping("/del/{bookId}")
public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("bookId") int id) {
bookService.deleteBookById(id);
return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}
}
2.编写首页index.jsp
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: MengYangChen
Date: 2021/1/11
Time: 20:26
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>$Title$</title>
<style type="text/css">
a {
text-decoration: none;
color: black;
font-size: 18px;
}
h3 {
width: 180px;
height: 38px;
margin: 100px auto;
text-align: center;
line-height: 38px;
background: deepskyblue;
border-radius: 4px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">点击进入列表页</a>
</h3>
</body>
</html>
3.编写allBooke页面
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: MengYangChen
Date: 2021/1/11
Time: 21:18
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>书籍列表</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>书籍列表 —— 显示所有书籍</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4 column">
<a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<table class="table table-hover table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>书籍编号</th>
<th>书籍名字</th>
<th>书籍数量</th>
<th>书籍详情</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<c:forEach var="book" items="${requestScope.get('list')}">
<tr>
<td>${book.getBookID()}</td>
<td>${book.getBookName()}</td>
<td>${book.getBookCounts()}</td>
<td>${book.getDetail()}</td>
<td>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.getBookID()}">更改</a> |
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/${book.getBookID()}">删除</a>
</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
4.编写addBook.jsp页面
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>新增书籍</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>新增书籍</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook" method="post">
书籍名称:<input type="text" name="bookName"><br><br><br>
书籍数量:<input type="text" name="bookCounts"><br><br><br>
书籍详情:<input type="text" name="detail"><br><br><br>
<input type="submit" value="添加">
</form>
</div>
5.编写updateBook.jsp页面
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>修改信息</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>修改信息</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updateBook" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="bookID" value="${book.getBookID()}"/>
书籍名称:<input type="text" name="bookName" value="${book.getBookName()}"/>
书籍数量:<input type="text" name="bookCounts" value="${book.getBookCounts()}"/>
书籍详情:<input type="text" name="detail" value="${book.getDetail() }"/>
<input type="submit" value="提交"/>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
项目目录:
结果:
02.Spring MVC 拦截器
SpringMVC的处理器拦截器类似于Servlet开发中的过滤器Filter,用于对处理器进行预处理和后处理。开发者可以自己定义一些拦截器来实现特定的功能。
拦截器是AOP思想的具体应用。
想要自定义拦截器,必须实现 HandlerInterceptor 接口。
过滤器
servlet规范中的一部分,任何java web工程都可以使用
在url-pattern中配置了/*之后,可以对所有要访问的资源进行拦截
拦截器
拦截器是SpringMVC框架自己的,只有使用了SpringMVC框架的工程才能使用
拦截器只会拦截访问的控制器方法, 如果访问的是jsp/html/css/image/js是不会进行拦截的
在上面ssm架构练习的基础上编写一个拦截器
1.编写一个拦截器:
package com.mengyangchen.config;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class MyInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
//在请求处理的方法之前执行
//如果返回true执行下一个拦截器
//如果返回false就不执行下一个拦截器
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o) throws Exception {
System.out.println("------------处理前------------");
return true;
}
//在请求处理方法执行之后执行
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
System.out.println("------------处理后------------");
}
//在dispatcherServlet处理后执行,做清理工作.
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception e) throws Exception {
System.out.println("------------清理------------");
}
}
2.在spring-mvc.xml文件中配置拦截器
<!--关于拦截器的配置-->
<mvc:interceptors>
<mvc:interceptor>
<!--/** 包括路径及其子路径-->
<!--/admin/* 拦截的是/admin/add等等这种 , /admin/add/user不会被拦截-->
<!--/admin/** 拦截的是/admin/下的所有-->
<mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
<!--bean配置的就是拦截器-->
<bean class="com.mengyangchen.config.MyInterceptor"/>
</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>
3.编写一个Controller,接收请求
package com.mengyangchen.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
//测试拦截器的控制器
@Controller
public class InterceptorController {
@RequestMapping("/interceptor")
@ResponseBody//关闭视图解析器
public String testFunction() {
System.out.println("控制器中的方法执行了");
return "hello";//返回的是字符串
}
}
4.在首页中添加测试
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/interceptor">拦截器测试</a>
扩展(登录验证)
public class LoginInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 如果是登陆页面则放行
System.out.println("uri: " + request.getRequestURI());
if (request.getRequestURI().contains("login")) {
return true;
}
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
// 如果用户已登陆也放行
if(session.getAttribute("user") != null) {
return true;
}
// 用户没有登陆跳转到登陆页面
request.getRequestDispatcher("/jsp/login.jsp").forward(request, response);
return false;
}
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
}
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception e) throws Exception {
}
}
在spring-mvc.xml中注册拦截器
<!--关于拦截器的配置-->
<mvc:interceptors>
<mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
<bean id="loginInterceptor" class="com.kuang.interceptor.LoginInterceptor"/>
</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>
03.Spring MVC的上传与下载
文件上传
文件上传是项目开发中最常见的功能之一 ,springMVC 可以很好的支持文件上传,但是SpringMVC上下文中默认没有装配MultipartResolver,因此默认情况下其不能处理文件上传工作。如果想使用Spring的文件上传功能,则需要在上下文中配置MultipartResolver。
前端表单要求:为了能上传文件,必须将表单的method设置为POST,并将enctype设置为multipart/form-data。只有在这样的情况下,浏览器才会把用户选择的文件以二进制数据发送给服务器;
enctype 属性
application/x-www=form-urlencoded:默认方式,只处理表单域中的 value 属性值,采用这种编码方式的表单会将表单域中的值处理成 URL 编码方式。
multipart/form-data:这种编码方式会以二进制流的方式来处理表单数据,这种编码方式会把文件域指定文件的内容也封装到请求参数中,不会对字符编码。
text/plain:除了把空格转换为 “+” 号外,其他字符都不做编码处理,这种方式适用直接通过表单发送邮件。
<form action="" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
<input type="file" name="file"/>
<input type="submit">
</form>
一旦设置了enctype为multipart/form-data,浏览器即会采用二进制流的方式来处理表单数据,而对于文件上传的处理则涉及在服务器端解析原始的HTTP响应。在2003年,Apache Software Foundation发布了开源的Commons FileUpload组件,其很快成为Servlet/JSP程序员上传文件的最佳选择。
Servlet3.0规范已经提供方法来处理文件上传,但这种上传需要在Servlet中完成。
而Spring MVC则提供了更简单的封装。
Spring MVC为文件上传提供了直接的支持,这种支持是用即插即用的MultipartResolver实现的。
Spring MVC使用Apache Commons FileUpload技术实现了一个MultipartResolver实现类:
CommonsMultipartResolver。因此,SpringMVC的文件上传还需要依赖Apache Commons FileUpload的组件。
文件上传使用:
1.导入jar包
导入文件上传的jar包,commons-fileupload , Maven会自动帮我们导入他的依赖包 commons-io包;
<!--文件上传-->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.3</version>
</dependency>
<!--servlet-api导入高版本的-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
</dependency>
2.配置lib
3.配置bean:multipartResolver(spring-mvc.xml)
<!--文件上传配置-->
<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<!-- 请求的编码格式,必须和jSP的pageEncoding属性一致,以便正确读取表单的内容,默认为ISO-8859-1 -->
<property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"/>
<!-- 上传文件大小上限,单位为字节(10485760=10M) -->
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760"/>
<property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960"/>
</bean>
CommonsMultipartFile的常用方法:
String getOriginalFilename():获取上传文件的原名
InputStream getInputStream():获取文件流
void transferTo(File dest):将上传文件保存到一个目录文件中
4.编写前端页面代码
<form action="/upload" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
<input type="file" name="file"/>
<input type="submit" value="upload">
</form>
5.新建控制类
package com.mengyangchen.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartFile;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.io.*;
@Controller
public class FileController {
//@RequestParam("file") 将name=file控件得到的文件封装成CommonsMultipartFile 对象
//批量上传CommonsMultipartFile则为数组即可
@RequestMapping("/upload")
public String fileUpload(@RequestParam("file") CommonsMultipartFile file , HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {
//获取文件名 : file.getOriginalFilename();
String uploadFileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
//如果文件名为空,直接回到首页!
if ("".equals(uploadFileName)){
return "redirect:/index.jsp";
}
System.out.println("上传文件名 : "+uploadFileName);
//上传路径保存设置
String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
//如果路径不存在,创建一个
File realPath = new File(path);
if (!realPath.exists()){
realPath.mkdir();
}
System.out.println("上传文件保存地址:"+realPath);
InputStream is = file.getInputStream(); //文件输入流
OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(new File(realPath,uploadFileName)); //文件输出流
//读取写出
int len=0;
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
while ((len=is.read(buffer))!=-1){
os.write(buffer,0,len);
os.flush();
}
os.close();
is.close();
return "redirect:/index.jsp";
}
}
使用第二种方式:
采用file.Transto 来保存上传的文件
修改表单地址即可
/*
* 采用file.Transto 来保存上传的文件
*/
@RequestMapping("/upload2")
public String fileUpload2(@RequestParam("file") CommonsMultipartFile file, HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {
//上传路径保存设置
String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
File realPath = new File(path);
if (!realPath.exists()){
realPath.mkdir();
}
//上传文件地址
System.out.println("上传文件保存地址:"+realPath);
//通过CommonsMultipartFile的方法直接写文件(注意这个时候)
file.transferTo(new File(realPath +"/"+ file.getOriginalFilename()));
return "redirect:/index.jsp";
}
上传成功!
文件下载
1、设置 response 响应头
2、读取文件 – InputStream
3、写出文件 – OutputStream
4、执行操作
5、关闭流 (先开后关)
控制层:
/* 文件下载*/
@RequestMapping(value="/download")
public String downloads(HttpServletResponse response , HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception{
//要下载的图片地址
String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
String fileName = "1.png";
//1、设置response 响应头
response.reset(); //设置页面不缓存,清空buffer
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); //字符编码
response.setContentType("multipart/form-data"); //二进制传输数据
//设置响应头
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition",
"attachment;fileName="+ URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "UTF-8"));
File file = new File(path,fileName);
//2、 读取文件--输入流
InputStream input=new FileInputStream(file);
//3、 写出文件--输出流
OutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
byte[] buff =new byte[1024];
int index=0;
//4、执行 写出操作
while((index= input.read(buff))!= -1){
out.write(buff, 0, index);
out.flush();
}
out.close();
input.close();
return null;
}
前端:
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/download">点击下载</a>
成功!
04.文件传输原理(扩展)
一般选择采用apache的开源工具common-fileupload这个文件上传组件。
common-fileupload是依赖于comon-io这个包的,所以还需要下载这个包。
1.为保证服务器安全,上传文件应该放在外界无法直接访问的目录下,比如放于WEB-INF目录下。
2.为防止文件覆盖的现象发生,要为上传文件产生一个唯一的文件名
3.要限制上传文件的最大值。
4.可以限制上传文件的类型,在收到上传文件名时,判断后缀名是否合法。
需要用到的类详解
ServletFileUpload负责处理上传的文件数据,并将表单中每个输入项封装成一个Fileltem对象,在使用ServletFileUpload对象解析请求时需要DiskFiletemFactory对象。所以,我们需要在进行解析工作前构造好DiskFileltemFactory对象,通过ServletFileUJpload对象的构造方法或setFileltemFactory()方法设置ServletFileUpload对象的fileltemFactory属性。
get:上传文件大小有限制。
post:上传文件大小没有限制。
05.javaWeb实现文件上传(扩展)
FileSerlvet类
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.ProgressListener;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
/**
* Servlet implementation class FileSerlvet
*/
public class FileSerlvet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse
* response)
*/
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
// response.getWriter().append("Served at: ").append(request.getContextPath());
// 判断上传的文件普通表单还是带文件的表单
if (!ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(request)) {
return;//终止方法运行,说明这是一个普通的表单,直接返回
}
//创建上传文件的保存路径,建议在WEB-INF路径下,安全,用户无法直接访间上传的文件;
String uploadPath =this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/upload");
File uploadFile = new File(uploadPath);
if (!uploadFile.exists()){
uploadFile.mkdir(); //创建这个月录
}
// 创建上传文件的保存路径,建议在WEB-INF路径下,安全,用户无法直接访问上传的文件
String tmpPath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/tmp");
File file = new File(tmpPath);
if (!file.exists()) {
file.mkdir();//创建临时目录
}
// 处理上传的文件,一般都需要通过流来获取,我们可以使用 request, getInputstream(),原生态的文件上传流获取,十分麻烦
// 但是我们都建议使用 Apache的文件上传组件来实现, common-fileupload,它需要旅 commons-io组件;
try {
// 创建DiskFileItemFactory对象,处理文件路径或者大小限制
DiskFileItemFactory factory = getDiskFileItemFactory(file);
/*
* //通过这个工厂设置一个缓冲区,当上传的文件大于这个缓冲区的时候,将他放到临时文件 factory.setSizeThreshold(1024 *
* 1024); //缓存区大小为1M factory.setRepository (file);//临时目录的保存目录,需要一个File
*/
// 2、获取ServletFileUpload
ServletFileUpload upload = getServletFileUpload(factory);
// 3、处理上传文件
// 把前端请求解析,封装成FileItem对象,需要从ServletFileUpload对象中获取
String msg = uploadParseRequest(upload, request, uploadPath);
// Servlet请求转发消息
System.out.println(msg);
if(msg == "文件上传成功!") {
// Servlet请求转发消息
request.setAttribute("msg",msg);
request.getRequestDispatcher("info.jsp").forward(request, response);
}else {
msg ="请上传文件";
request.setAttribute("msg",msg);
request.getRequestDispatcher("info.jsp").forward(request, response);
}
} catch (FileUploadException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static DiskFileItemFactory getDiskFileItemFactory(File file) {
DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
// 通过这个工厂设置一个缓冲区,当上传的文件大于这个缓冲区的时候,将他放到临时文件中;
factory.setSizeThreshold(1024 * 1024);// 缓冲区大小为1M
factory.setRepository(file);// 临时目录的保存目录,需要一个file
return factory;
}
public static ServletFileUpload getServletFileUpload(DiskFileItemFactory factory) {
ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
// 监听长传进度
upload.setProgressListener(new ProgressListener() {
// pBYtesRead:已读取到的文件大小
// pContextLength:文件大小
public void update(long pBytesRead, long pContentLength, int pItems) {
System.out.println("总大小:" + pContentLength + "已上传:" + pBytesRead);
}
});
// 处理乱码问题
upload.setHeaderEncoding("UTF-8");
// 设置单个文件的最大值
upload.setFileSizeMax(1024 * 1024 * 10);
// 设置总共能够上传文件的大小
// 1024 = 1kb * 1024 = 1M * 10 = 10м
return upload;
}
public static String uploadParseRequest(ServletFileUpload upload, HttpServletRequest request, String uploadPath)
throws FileUploadException, IOException {
String msg = "";
// 把前端请求解析,封装成FileItem对象
List<FileItem> fileItems = upload.parseRequest(request);
for (FileItem fileItem : fileItems) {
if (fileItem.isFormField()) {// 判断上传的文件是普通的表单还是带文件的表单
// getFieldName指的是前端表单控件的name;
String name = fileItem.getFieldName();
String value = fileItem.getString("UTF-8"); // 处理乱码
System.out.println(name + ": " + value);
} else {// 判断它是上传的文件
// ============处理文件==============
// 拿到文件名
String uploadFileName = fileItem.getName();
System.out.println("上传的文件名: " + uploadFileName);
if (uploadFileName.trim().equals("") || uploadFileName == null) {
continue;
}
// 获得上传的文件名/images/girl/paojie.png
String fileName = uploadFileName.substring(uploadFileName.lastIndexOf("/") + 1);
// 获得文件的后缀名
String fileExtName = uploadFileName.substring(uploadFileName.lastIndexOf(".") + 1);
/*
* 如果文件后缀名fileExtName不是我们所需要的 就直按return.不处理,告诉用户文件类型不对。
*/
System.out.println("文件信息[件名: " + fileName + " ---文件类型" + fileExtName + "]");
// 可以使用UID(唯一识别的通用码),保证文件名唯
// 0UID. randomUUID(),随机生一个唯一识别的通用码;
String uuidPath = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
// ================处理文件完毕==============
// 存到哪? uploadPath
// 文件真实存在的路径realPath
String realPath = uploadPath + "/" + uuidPath;
// 给每个文件创建一个对应的文件夹
File realPathFile = new File(realPath);
if (!realPathFile.exists()) {
realPathFile.mkdir();
}
// ==============存放地址完毕==============
// 获得文件上传的流
InputStream inputStream = fileItem.getInputStream();
// 创建一个文件输出流
// realPath =真实的文件夹;
// 差了一个文件;加上翰出文件的名产"/"+uuidFileName
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(realPath + "/" + fileName);
// 创建一个缓冲区
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 1024];
// 判断是否读取完毕
int len = 0;
// 如果大于0说明还存在数据;
while ((len = inputStream.read(buffer)) > 0) {
fos.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
// 关闭流
fos.close();
inputStream.close();
msg = "文件上传成功!";
fileItem.delete(); // 上传成功,清除临时文件
//=============文件传输完成=============
}
}
return msg;
}
}
注册xml:
<servlet>
<servlet-name>upload</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.mengyangchen.FileSerlvet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>upload</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/upload.do</url-pattern>
导入依赖:
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-fileupload/commons-fileupload -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.4</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-io/commons-io -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.6</version>
</dependency>
index.jsp:
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<body>
<%--
GET:上传文件大小有限制
POST:上传文件大小没有限制
${pageContext.request.contextPath}
--%>
<form action="upload.do" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
上传用户:<input type="text" name="username"><br/>
<P><input type="file" name="file1"></P>
<P><input type="file" name="file1"></P>
<P><input type="submit" value="提交"> | <input type="reset"></P>
</form>
</body>
</html>
info.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<%=request.getAttribute("msg")%>
</body>
</html>
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