BDC（batch data communication）是SAP常用的一种数据传输方法。用于一些数据量大，但是对速度又要求不高的数据传输。
- Call Transaction: 顾名思义，就是直接调用BDC进行数据批量导入。优点：方便快捷，程序处理方便。缺点：日志管理能力差，需自己建透明表来维护数据。我只是把它用作测试用 途，不做正式使用。
- BDC Insert：这是一种不直接运行，而是将BDC程序生成session，间接运行的一种方法。优点：通过T-code SM35可以进行运行管理及日志管理，方便查错。缺点：相对方法1来说实现起来比较繁琐。我主要是用这种方法来实现BDC功能。
下面主要来谈一下BDC Insert这种方法。
- 需要在程序中调用 function 'BDC_INSERT'来把BDCDATA生成SESSION.
- 程序RSBDCSUB是执行SESSION的专用程序，要建立相应的VARIANT，后续建立JOB中使用
- 建立BATCH JOB来定期执行RSBDCSUB，从而实现，SESSION自动执行的目的
- 当然，不使用程序RSBDCSUB和JOB，每次手工在SM35中执行SESSION也是可以的
下面是我写的一个实例：
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*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* Program Name: Z_KEVIN_ADV_BDC
* Project : N/A
* Author : Kevin.Zhang
* Date : 2007.1.1
* Module : N/A
* Description : Advanced BDC
*
*
*
* Special features: N/A
*
*
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* Modifications:
* Author Date Commented as Description
*----------- -------- ----------- ----------------------------------*
*
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
REPORT
Z_KEVIN_ADV_BDC.
*$*$----------------------------------------------------------------$*$*
*$*$ Global Types, Data Statements, Ranges, Constants $*$*
*$*$----------------------------------------------------------------$*$*
*-----------------------------------------------------------------------
* Tables
*-----------------------------------------------------------------------
TABLES
: COAS, CEPC.
*-----------------------------------------------------------------------
* Internal Tables and Work Areas
*-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DATA
: BEGIN
OF
GT_TABLE OCCURS
0
, "internal order table
AUART LIKE
AUFK-AUART, "order type
AUFNR LIKE
AUFK-AUFNR, "order number
KTEXT LIKE
AUFK-KTEXT, "description
BUKRS LIKE
AUFK-BUKRS, "company code
GSBER LIKE
AUFK-GSBER, "business area
PRCTR LIKE
AUFK-PRCTR, "profit center
FUNCA LIKE
AUFK-FUNC_AREA, "function area
END
OF
GT_TABLE.
DATA
: BEGIN
OF
GT_EXISTS OCCURS
0
. "existed IO
INCLUDE
STRUCTURE
GT_TABLE.
DATA
: END
OF
GT_EXISTS.
DATA
: BEGIN
OF
GT_PRFT_CNTR OCCURS
0
."the profit center not existing IO
INCLUDE
STRUCTURE
GT_TABLE.
DATA
: END
OF
GT_PRFT_CNTR.
DATA
: BEGIN
OF
GT_SUBMIT OCCURS
0
. "the submitted IO
INCLUDE
STRUCTURE
GT_TABLE.
DATA
: END
OF
GT_SUBMIT.
DATA
: BEGIN
OF
GT_BDCDATA OCCURS
0
. "BDC DATA
INCLUDE
STRUCTURE
BDCDATA.
DATA
: END
OF
GT_BDCDATA.
DATA
: BEGIN
OF
GT_MESSTAB OCCURS
10
. "message table
INCLUDE
STRUCTURE
BDCMSGCOLL.
DATA
: END
OF
GT_MESSTAB.
DATA
: GT_IMESG LIKE
MESG OCCURS
0
WITH
HEADER
LINE
.
*-----------------------------------------------------------------------
* Variables
*-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DATA
: GV_GROUP(12
) TYPE
C
VALUE
'INTERNAL_ORD'
, "BDC Name
GV_USER(12
) TYPE
C
, "BDC User
GV_KEEP(1
) TYPE
C
VALUE
'X'
, " ' '=Delete,'X'=keep after processing
GV_HOLDDATE LIKE
SY-DATUM. "Date
DATA
: GV_FLAG(1
) TYPE
C
,
GV_LIN TYPE
I
. "number of orders
DATA
: GV_C170(170
),
GV_C_ULINE(50
) VALUE
'__________________________________________________'
.
*$*$----------------------------------------------------------------$*$*
*$*$ Selection Screen $*$*
*$*$----------------------------------------------------------------$*$*
*-----------------------------------------------------------------------
* Selection Screen
*-----------------------------------------------------------------------
PARAMETERS
: BDCTYPE(1
) TYPE
C
DEFAULT
'B'
NO
-DISPLAY,
BDCMODE LIKE
BDCRUN-BDC_AMODUS DEFAULT
'A'
NO
-DISPLAY.
SELECTION-SCREEN
COMMENT
10
(70
) TEXT
-001
.
PARAMETERS
: IN_FILE(128
) DEFAULT
'C:/TEMP/*.txt'
.
SELECTION-SCREEN
SKIP
1
.
*-----------------------------------------------------------------------
* At Selection Screen
*-----------------------------------------------------------------------
*--------- AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON VALUE-REQUEST ----------
AT
SELECTION-SCREEN
ON
VALUE
-REQUEST FOR
IN_FILE.
CALL
FUNCTION
'WS_FILENAME_GET'
EXPORTING
DEF_FILENAME = '*.txt'
DEF_PATH = 'C:/DATA'
MASK
= ',All Files,*.*,Text Files,*.txt;*.doc.'
MODE
= 'O'
TITLE
= 'Please choose file to use '
IMPORTING
FILENAME = IN_FILE
EXCEPTIONS
INV_WINSYS = 1
NO_BATCH = 2
SELECTION_CANCEL = 3
SELECTION_ERROR = 4
OTHERS
= 5
.
*$*$----------------------------------------------------------------$*$*
*$*$ Main Program $*$*
*$*$----------------------------------------------------------------$*$*
*--------- START-OF-SELECTION ----------
START-OF
-SELECTION.
REFRESH
GT_TABLE.
* Uploading the data which will be inserted into the internal table
CALL
FUNCTION
'WS_UPLOAD'
EXPORTING
FILENAME = IN_FILE
FILETYPE = 'DAT'
TABLES
DATA_TAB = GT_TABLE
EXCEPTIONS
CONVERSION_ERROR = 1
FILE_OPEN_ERROR = 2
FILE_READ_ERROR = 3
INVALID_TABLE_WIDTH = 4
INVALID_TYPE = 5
NO_BATCH = 6
UNKNOWN_ERROR = 7
OTHERS
= 8
.
IF
SY-SUBRC <> 0
.
PERFORM
COLLECT_MESSAGES USING
'Z3'
'I'
'000'
'Unable to upload input file '
IN_FILE ''
''
.
ENDIF
.
SORT
GT_TABLE BY
AUFNR GSBER DESCENDING
.
DELETE
ADJACENT
DUPLICATES
FROM
GT_TABLE COMPARING
AUFNR.
PERFORM
OPEN_GROUP.
PERFORM
FILL_BDC_DATA.
PERFORM
BDC_CLOSE_GROUP.
PERFORM
WRITE_REPORT.
*--------- END-OF-SELECTION ----------
*$*$----------------------------------------------------------------$*$*
*$*$ Subroutines $*$*
*$*$----------------------------------------------------------------$*$*
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form OPEN_GROUP
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* --> p1 text
* <-- p2 text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM
OPEN_GROUP.
GV_USER = SY-UNAME.
CALL
FUNCTION
'BDC_OPEN_GROUP'
EXPORTING
CLIENT
= SY-MANDT
GROUP
= GV_GROUP
HOLDDATE = GV_HOLDDATE
KEEP = GV_KEEP
USER = GV_USER.
IF
SY-SUBRC <> 0
.
* MESSAGE ID SY-MSGID TYPE SY-MSGTY NUMBER SY-MSGNO
* WITH SY-MSGV1 SY-MSGV2 SY-MSGV3 SY-MSGV4.
ENDIF
.
ENDFORM
. " OPEN_GROUP
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form FILL_BDC_DATA
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* --> p1 text
* <-- p2 text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM
FILL_BDC_DATA.
CLEAR
GT_TABLE.
LOOP
AT
GT_TABLE.
CLEAR
GT_MESSTAB.
CLEAR
GT_BDCDATA.
REFRESH
GT_BDCDATA.
REFRESH
GT_MESSTAB.
CLEAR
GV_FLAG.
* Check if Profit Center exists.
SELECT
SINGLE
* FROM
CEPC
WHERE
PRCTR = GT_TABLE-PRCTR.
IF
SY-SUBRC <> 0
.
CLEAR
GT_PRFT_CNTR.
MOVE
-CORRESPONDING GT_TABLE TO
GT_PRFT_CNTR.
APPEND
GT_PRFT_CNTR.
GV_FLAG = 'X'
.
ENDIF
.
* check if Internal Order has already been created.
SELECT
SINGLE
* FROM
COAS
WHERE
AUFNR = GT_TABLE-AUFNR.
IF
SY-SUBRC = 0
.
CLEAR
GT_EXISTS.
MOVE
-CORRESPONDING GT_TABLE TO
GT_EXISTS.
APPEND
GT_EXISTS.
GV_FLAG = 'X'
.
ENDIF
.
IF
GV_FLAG <> 'X'
.
PERFORM
BDCDATA USING
: 'X'
'SAPMKAUF'
'0100'
, "order type
' '
'COAS-AUART'
GT_TABLE-AUART,
' '
'BDC_OKCODE'
'=KOKR'
.
PERFORM
BDCDATA USING
: 'X'
'SAPLSPO4'
'0300'
, "control area
' '
'SVALD-VALUE(01)'
'1000'
,
' '
'BDC_OKCODE'
'=FURT'
.
PERFORM
BDCDATA USING
: 'X'
'SAPMKAUF'
'0100'
, "ok code
' '
'BDC_OKCODE'
'/00'
.
PERFORM
BDCDATA USING
: 'X'
'SAPMKAUF'
'0600'
, "order master data
' '
'COAS-AUFNR'
GT_TABLE-AUFNR,
' '
'COAS-KTEXT'
GT_TABLE-KTEXT,
' '
'COAS-BUKRS'
GT_TABLE-BUKRS,
' '
'COAS-GSBER'
GT_TABLE-GSBER,
' '
'COAS-PRCTR'
GT_TABLE-PRCTR,
' '
'COAS-FUNC_AREA'
GT_TABLE-FUNCA,
' '
'BDC_OKCODE'
'=SICH'
.
* PERFORM CALL_TRANSACTION. "for test purpose
PERFORM
BDC_INSERT.
MOVE
-CORRESPONDING GT_TABLE TO
GT_SUBMIT.
APPEND
GT_SUBMIT.
ENDIF
.
ENDLOOP
.
ENDFORM
. " FILL_BDC_DATA
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form BDC_INSERT
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* --> p1 text
* <-- p2 text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM
BDC_INSERT.
CALL
FUNCTION
'BDC_INSERT'
EXPORTING
TCODE = 'KO01'
TABLES
DYNPROTAB = GT_BDCDATA.
IF
SY-SUBRC <> 0
.
* MESSAGE ID SY-MSGID TYPE SY-MSGTY NUMBER SY-MSGNO
* WITH SY-MSGV1 SY-MSGV2 SY-MSGV3 SY-MSGV4.
ENDIF
.
ENDFORM
. " BDC_INSERT
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form BDC_CLOSE_GROUP
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* --> p1 text
* <-- p2 text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM
BDC_CLOSE_GROUP.
CALL
FUNCTION
'BDC_CLOSE_GROUP'
.
IF
SY-SUBRC <> 0
.
* MESSAGE ID SY-MSGID TYPE SY-MSGTY NUMBER SY-MSGNO
* WITH SY-MSGV1 SY-MSGV2 SY-MSGV3 SY-MSGV4.
ENDIF
.
ENDFORM
. " BDC_CLOSE_GROUP
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form CALL_TRANSACTION
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* --> p1 text
* <-- p2 text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM
CALL_TRANSACTION.
CALL
TRANSACTION
'KO01'
USING
GT_BDCDATA
MODE
BDCMODE
MESSAGES INTO
GT_MESSTAB.
* IF SYST-SUBRC <> 0.
* CALL FUNCTION 'WRITE_MESSAGE'
* EXPORTING
* MSGID = SY-MSGID
* MSGNO = SY-MSGNO
* MSGTY = SY-MSGTY
* MSGV1 = SY-MSGV1
* MSGV2 = SY-MSGV2
* MSGV3 = SY-MSGV3
* MSGV4 = SY-MSGV4
* MSGV5 = ' '
* IMPORTING
* ERROR = ERROR
* MESSG = MESSG
* MSGLN = MSGLN.
ENDFORM
. " CALL_TRANSACTION
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form BDCDATA
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* -->P_0310 text
* -->P_0311 text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM
BDCDATA USING
P_BEGIN P_FIELD1 P_FIELD2.
CLEAR
GT_BDCDATA.
CASE
P_BEGIN.
WHEN
'X'
.
GT_BDCDATA-PROGRAM
= P_FIELD1.
GT_BDCDATA-DYNPRO
= P_FIELD2.
GT_BDCDATA-DYNBEGIN = 'X'
.
WHEN
SPACE.
GT_BDCDATA-FNAM = P_FIELD1.
GT_BDCDATA-FVAL = P_FIELD2.
ENDCASE
.
APPEND
GT_BDCDATA.
ENDFORM
. " BDCDATA
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form WRITE_REPORT
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* --> p1 text
* <-- p2 text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM
WRITE_REPORT.
DESCRIBE
TABLE
GT_EXISTS LINES
GV_LIN.
IF
GV_LIN >= 1
.
PERFORM
COLLECT_MESSAGES USING
'Z3'
'I'
'000'
'The following Internal Orders already exist.'
''
''
''
.
PERFORM
COLLECT_MESSAGES USING
'Z3'
'I'
'000'
GV_C_ULINE ''
''
''
.
LOOP
AT
GT_EXISTS.
PERFORM
COLLECT_MESSAGES USING
'Z3'
'I'
'000'
GT_EXISTS-AUFNR ''
''
''
.
ENDLOOP
.
PERFORM
COLLECT_MESSAGES USING
'Z3'
'I'
'000'
GV_C_ULINE ''
''
''
.
ENDIF
.
DESCRIBE
TABLE
GT_PRFT_CNTR LINES
GV_LIN.
IF
GV_LIN >= 1
.
PERFORM
COLLECT_MESSAGES USING
'Z3'
'I'
'000'
'The following Profit centers do not exist.'
''
''
''
.
PERFORM
COLLECT_MESSAGES USING
'Z3'
'I'
'000'
GV_C_ULINE ''
''
''
.
PERFORM
COLLECT_MESSAGES USING
'Z3'
'I'
'000'
'Internal Order Profit Center.'
''
''
''
.
LOOP
AT
GT_PRFT_CNTR.
PERFORM
COLLECT_MESSAGES USING
'Z3'
'I'
'000'
GT_PRFT_CNTR-AUFNR
GT_PRFT_CNTR-PRCTR ''
''
.
ENDLOOP
.
PERFORM
COLLECT_MESSAGES USING
'Z3'
'I'
'000'
GV_C_ULINE ''
''
''
.
ENDIF
.
DESCRIBE
TABLE
GT_SUBMIT LINES
GV_LIN.
IF
GV_LIN >= 1
.
PERFORM
COLLECT_MESSAGES USING
'Z3'
'I'
'000'
'BDC was created for the following Internal Orders.'
''
''
''
.
PERFORM
COLLECT_MESSAGES USING
'Z3'
'I'
'000'
GV_C_ULINE ''
''
''
.
LOOP
AT
GT_SUBMIT.
PERFORM
COLLECT_MESSAGES USING
'Z3'
'I'
'000'
GT_SUBMIT-AUFNR ''
''
''
.
ENDLOOP
.
PERFORM
COLLECT_MESSAGES USING
'Z3'
'I'
'000'
GV_C_ULINE ''
''
''
.
ENDIF
.
PERFORM
COLLECT_MESSAGES USING
'Z3'
'I'
'000'
'The following Internal Orders have no Business Area.'
''
''
''
.
PERFORM
COLLECT_MESSAGES USING
'Z3'
'I'
'000'
GV_C_ULINE ''
''
''
.
DELETE
GT_TABLE WHERE
NOT
GSBER = ' '
.
LOOP
AT
GT_TABLE.
PERFORM
COLLECT_MESSAGES USING
'Z3'
'I'
'000'
GT_TABLE-AUFNR ''
''
''
.
ENDLOOP
.
PERFORM
COLLECT_MESSAGES USING
'Z3'
'I'
'000'
GV_C_ULINE ''
''
''
.
ENDFORM
. " WRITE_REPORT
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form COLLECT_MESSAGES
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* Collects messgaes into rep tree table and writes them to
* screen for regular reporting
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* -->P_MSGID message id
* -->P_MSGTY messgae type
* -->P_MSGNR msg number
* -->P_MSG1 text 1
* -->P_MSG2 text 2
* -->P_MSG3 text 3
* -->P_MSG4 text 4
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM
COLLECT_MESSAGES USING
P_MSGID
P_MSGTY
P_MSGNR
P_MSGV1
P_MSGV2
P_MSGV3
P_MSGV4.
CLEAR
GT_IMESG.
GT_IMESG-ARBGB = P_MSGID.
GT_IMESG-MSGTY = P_MSGTY.
GT_IMESG-TXTNR = P_MSGNR.
GT_IMESG-MSGV1+0
(2
) = '@ '
.
GT_IMESG-MSGV1+2
(48
) = P_MSGV1.
GT_IMESG-MSGV2 = P_MSGV2.
GT_IMESG-MSGV3 = P_MSGV3.
GT_IMESG-MSGV4 = P_MSGV4.
APPEND
GT_IMESG.
CONCATENATE
P_MSGV1 P_MSGV2 P_MSGV3 P_MSGV4
INTO
GV_C170 SEPARATED
BY
SPACE.
WRITE
:/ GV_C170.
ENDFORM
. " collect_messages
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