Spring之WEB模块

Spring的WEB模块用于整合Web框架，例如Struts 1、Struts 2、JSF等

整合Struts 1

继承方式

Spring框架提供了ActionSupport类支持Struts 1的Action。继承了ActionSupport后就能获取Spring的BeanFactory，从而获得各种Spring容器内的各种资源

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1. import  org.springframework.web.struts.ActionSupport;  
2.    
3. public class CatAction extends ActionSupport{  
4.       public ICatService getCarService(){  
5.              return (ICatService) getWebApplicationContext().getBean("catService");  
6.       }  
7.       public ActionForward execute(ActionMappingmapping,ActionForm form,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponseresponse){  
8.              CatForm catForm = (CatForm) form;  
9.              if("list".equals(catForm.getAction())){  
10.                     returnthis.list(mapping,form,request,response);  
11.              }  
12.       }  
13.    
14.       public ActionForward list(ActionMappingmapping,ActionForm form,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponseresponse){  
15.              CatForm catForm = (CatForm) form;  
16.              ICatService catService =getCatService();  
17.              List<Cat> catList =catService.listCats();  
18.              request.setAttribute("carList",catList);  
19.    
20.              return mapping.find("list");  
21.       }  
22. }  

Spring在web.xml中的配置

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1. <context-param><!--  Spring配置文件的位置-->  
2.       <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  
3.       <param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/applicationContext.xml</param-value>  
4. </context-param>  
5.    
6. <listener><!--  使用Listener加载Spring配置文件-->  
7.       <listener-class>  
8.              org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener  
9.       </listener-class>  
10. </listener>  
11.    
12. <filter><!--  使用Spring自带的字符过滤器-->  
13.       <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>  
14.       <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>  
15.       <init-param>  
16.              <param-name>encoding</param-name>  
17.              <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>  
18.       </init-param>  
19.       <init-param>  
20.              <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>  
21.              <param-value>true</param-value>  
22.       </init-param>  
23. </filter>  
24. <filter-mapping>  
25.       <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>  
26.       <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
27. </filter-mapping>  

如果与Hibernate结合使用，需要在web.xml中添加OpenSessionInViewFilter过滤器，将session范围扩大到JSP层，防止抛出延迟加载异常

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1. <filter>  
2.       <filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name>  
3.       <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support. OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>  
4. </filter>  
5. <filter-mapping>  
6.       <filter-name> hibernateFilter</filter-name>  
7.       <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern><!--  对Struts 1的Action启用-->  
8. </filter-mapping>  

 

代理方式

继承方式融入Spring非常简单，但是缺点是代码与Spring发生了耦合，并且Action并没有交给Spring管理，因此不能使用Spring的AOP、IoC特性，使用代理方式则可以避免这些缺陷

 

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1. public class CatAction extends Action{  //此处继承的Struts 1的Action  
2.       private ICatService catService；  
3.       //setter、getter略  
4.    
5.       public ActionForward execute(ActionMappingmapping,ActionForm form,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponseresponse){  
6.              CatForm catForm = (CatForm) form;  
7.              if("list".equals(catForm.getAction())){  
8.                     returnthis.list(mapping,form,request,response);  
9.              }  
10.       }  
11.    
12.       public ActionForward list(ActionMappingmapping,ActionForm form,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponseresponse){  
13.              CatForm catForm = (CatForm) form;  
14.              ICatService catService =getCatService();  
15.              List<Cat> catList =catService.listCats();  
16.              request.setAttribute("carList",catList);  
17.    
18.              return mapping.find("list");  
19.       }  
20. }  

这个Action没有与Spring发生耦合，只是定义了一个ICatService属性，然后由Spring负责注入

 

struts-congfig.xml配置

 

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1. <form-beans>  
2.       <form-bean name="catForm" type="com.clf.spring.CatForm">  
3. </form-beans>  
4.    
5. <action-mappings>  
6.       <action name=" catForm"  path="/cat" type="com.clf.spring.CatAction">  
7.              <forward name="list" path="/jsp/listCat.jsp"></forward>  
8.       </action>  
9. </action-mappings>  
10.    
11. <!--  最核心的配置，该配置把Struts的Action交给Spring代理-->  
12. <controller processorClass="org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingRequestProcessor" />  
13.    
14. <!-- controller配置生效后，Action的type属性就是去作用了，Struts不会用type属性指定的类来创建CatAction，而是到Spring配置中寻找，因此Spring中必须配置CatAction -->  
15. <!--  Spring中配置Action使用的是name属性而不是id，Spring会截获"/cat.do"的请求，将catService通过setter方法注入到CatAction中，并调用execute()方法-->  
16. <bean name="/cat" class=" com.clf.spring.CatAction">  
17.       <property name="catService" ref="catService" />  
18. </bean>  

web.xml的配置与上面的继承方式相同

 

使用代理方式的Action可以配置拦截器等Spring特性，例如给CatAction配置方法前拦截器和返回后拦截器

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1. <bean id="catBeforeInterceptor" class="org.springframework.aop.support.NameMatchMethodPointcutAdvodor">  
2.       <property name="advice">  
3.              <bean class="com.clf.spring.MethodBeforeInterceptor" />  
4.       </property>  
5.       <property name="mappedName" value="*"></property>  
6. </bean>  
7.    
8. <bean id="catAfterInterceptor" class="org.springframework.aop.support.NameMatchMethodPointcutAdvodor">  
9.       <property name="advice">  
10.              <bean class="com.clf.spring.MethodAfterInterceptor" />  
11.       </property>  
12.       <property name="mappedName" value="*"></property>  
13. </bean>  
14.    
15. <bean name="/cat" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">  
16.       <property name="interceptorNames">  
17.              <list>  
18.                     <value> catBeforeInterceptor</value>  
19.                     <value> catAfterInterceptor</value>  
20.              </list>  
21.       </property>  
22.       <property name="target">  
23.              <bean class="com.clf.spring.CatAction">  
24.                     <property name="catService" ref="catService"></property>  
25.              </bean>  
26.       </property>  
27. </bean>  

整合Struts 2

Spring整合Struts 2需要struts2-spring-2.011.jar包

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1. public class CatAction{  
2.       private ICatService catService;  
3.       private Cat cat;  
4.       //setter、getter略  
5.    
6.       public String list(){  
7.              catService.listCats();  
8.              return ＂list＂;  
9.       }  
10.        
11.       public String add(){  
12.              catService.createCat(cat);  
13.              return list();  
14.       }  
15. }  

struts.xml配置

除了正常的配置之外，还需要<contstant/>添加名为struts.objectFactory的常量，把值设为spring，表示该Action由Spring产生。然后把<action/>的class属性改为catAction，Struts 2将会到Spring中寻找名为catAction的bean

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1. <constant name=" struts.objectFactory" value="spring" />  
2.    
3. <packagenamepackagename="cat" extends="struts-default">  
4. <action name="*_cat" method="{1}" class="catAction">  
5.       <param name="action" >{1}</param>  
6.       <result>/list.jsp</result>  
7.       <result name="list">/list.jsp</result>  
8. </action>  
9. </package>  

 

Spring配置

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1. <bean id="catAction" scope="prototype" class="com.clf.spring.CatAction">  
2.       <property name="catService" ref="catService"></property>  
3. </bean>  

 

web.xml配置

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1. <context-param><!--  Spring配置文件的位置-->  
2.       <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  
3.       <param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/applicationContext.xml</param-value>  
4. </context-param>  
5.    
6. <listener><!--  使用Listener加载Spring配置文件-->  
7.       <listener-class>  
8.              org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener  
9.       </listener-class>  
10. </listener>  
11.    
12. <filter>  
13.       <filter-name>Struts2</filter-name>  
14.       <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher</filter-class>  
15. </filter>  
16. <filter-mapping>  
17.       <filter-name> Struts2</filter-name>  
18.       <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
19. </filter-mapping>