BASIS--A list of SAP Kernel Programs

本文列举了SAP系统中重要的可执行文件和工具,包括压缩工具、安装工具、性能监控工具等,并简要介绍了它们的功能。这些工具对于SAP系统的安装、升级和维护至关重要。
List of interesting SAP Executables in alphabetical order:
  • car - The Compression Tool of SAP for nearly all delivered files and executables. CAR is the name for old releases and the SAPCAR is the name as of 4.6D. It works a bit similar to WinZip.
  • dipgntab - Activation and adjustment of the nametabs with the ABAP Dictionary.
  • dw - disp+work - "Dispatcher & Workprocess" - "The complete Kernel" - Here the complete ABAP is processed ...
  • niping - Small Client and Server in order to test the saprouter internally with the NI-Protocol (SAP Network Interface).
  • lib_dbsl - The Database-Shared Library for the kernel programs (as of 4.5A).
  • librfc - The RFC (Remote Function Call) Library, that is available for any platform to develop and run a RFC Server or RFC Client.
  • ntscmgr.exe - ntscmgr - the tool for installing the SAProuter as service. It is part of every Windows SAP Kernel. As it has no known errors, it is not necessary, to patch it. Just use ntscmgr.exe from your existing windows kernel.
  • r3check - This is a tool, that can Cluster-Tables for errors.
  • r3ldctl - The tool for exporting all table structures to the file system during a OS/DB-Migration.
  • r3load - The table import & export tool of SAP during Installation, Upgrade and Migration.
  • r3setup - The Installation (and Migration) Tool for all SAP systems up to Release 6.10.
  • r3szchk - The tool for determing the sizes of the different tables in the target database during the import in an OS/DB-Migration.
  • r3trans - This is the tool, that does the real work for tp. tp controls the import and export of changes and r3trans does them using scripts, that were generated from tp.
  • r3up - The tool that controls the Upgrade (Moving to higher SAP Releases) of an SAP System.
  • rfcexec - The tool to start other programs from within SAP (ABAP) on the OS level via the gateway on any other (or the same) server.
  • rfcoscol - Similar to saposcol. It is needed, when no SAP instance is running on the Database Server.
  • sapcar - The Compression Tool of SAP for nearly all delivered files and executables. It works a bit similar to WinZip.
  • sapevt - This program is able to trigger events within the SAP system. The tp tool uses this feature. It can be used as trigger for self-written interfaces as well.
  • sapftp - FTP Client, that can be used from within the SAP system (from ABAP) to communicate with other FTP servers.
  • saphttp - HTTP Client, that can be used from within the SAP system (from ABAP) to communicate with other HTTP servers - e.g. for interfaces.
  • sapinst - The Installation (and Migration) Tool for all SAP systems as of Release 6.20.
  • saplicense - The Tool for the installation of a new SAP License. This is needed when the license expires e.g. because of a hardware change.
  • saposcol - The SAP Interface to the Operating System for Performance Data. The Operating System Collector collects CPU Usage, Disk Performance, Paging etc.
  • sappad - Very nice & small Editor a lot better than notepad. It handles LF and CR/LF correctly as well.
  • sappfpar - This tool can be used for checking the profiles after changes and before restarting the SAP system.
  • saprouter - The program for the Router Connection from customers to SAP and vice versa.
  • sapxpg - The tool for starting OS commands from within SAP Systems.
  • sapwebdisp - The SAP Web dispatcher is used for load balancing for an setting up an SAP Internet scenario. It is the only application, that needs to be located in the DMZ. Everything "behind" this can (and should) be located in your intranet. So, only one port on one IP adress needs to be opened to internet and the SAP Web dispatcher can handle the traffic with the different SAP instances.
  • startrfc - The tool is a very easy SAP command line interface to start all of the implemented function modules of SAP systems.
  • tp - "The" Transport Tool. This program coordinates the complete import and export of program and table changes made within the SAP system in order to transport them through the complete System Landscape. 
在C语言里,位左对齐右对齐一般在格式化输出时会用到,主要用于控制数据在输出时的位置。以下是相关介绍: ### 整型数据的左对齐右对齐 通过`printf`函数实现整型数据的左对齐右对齐右对齐是默认方式,在格式说明符`%`和`d`之间添加数字来规定输出宽度,若数字位数小于规定宽度,会在左边补空格;左对齐则需在数字前加`-`号,若数字位数小于规定宽度,会在右边补空格。 示例代码如下: ```c #include <stdio.h> int main() { // 右对齐。数字宽度为10,若不足10,在左边补足空格 printf("%10d\n", 1234); // 左对齐。数字宽度为10,若不足10,在右边补足空格 printf("%-10d\n", 1234); return 0; } ``` ### 不同输出长度的情况 当规定的输出宽度和数字实际位数不同时,有不同的处理方式。若规定宽度小于数字实际位数,会完整输出数字;若规定宽度大于数字实际位数,右对齐在左边补空格,左对齐在右边补空格。 示例代码如下: ```c #include <stdio.h> int main() { // -5是左对齐,输出长度为5。5是右对齐,输出长度为5 printf("%-5d %5d\n", 455, 455); printf("%-5d %5d\n", -123, -123); // 规定宽度小于实际位数,完整输出数字 printf("%-5d %5d\n", 987654, 987654); return 0; } ``` ### 其他数据类型的对齐 除整型外,其他数据类型也能实现左对齐右对齐。例如浮点数(`%f`)、字符串(`%s`)等,方法和整型一致。 示例代码如下: ```c #include <stdio.h> int main() { // 右对齐浮点数,宽度为10 printf("%10f\n", 3.14); // 左对齐浮点数,宽度为10 printf("%-10f\n", 3.14); // 右对齐字符串,宽度为10 printf("%10s\n", "hello"); // 左对齐字符串,宽度为10 printf("%-10s\n", "hello"); return 0; } ```
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