solaris10的系统常用检查命令

1.prtconf----print system configuration

prtconf -vp                ----详细的配置信息
eg:
[root@root]:/#prtconf -vp |grep Mem
Memory size: 16376 Megabytes

[root@root]:/#prtconf | head -2
System Configuration:    Sun Microsystems    sun4v
Memory size: 16376 Megabytes
[root@root]:/#

2.vmstat-----report virtual memory statistics

用法：
epi                        Executable page-ins.

epo                        Executable page-outs.

epf                        Executable page-frees.

api                        Anonymous page-ins.

apo                        Anonymous page-outs.

apf                        Anonymous page-frees.

fpi                        File system page-ins.

fpo                        File system page-outs.

fpf                        File system page-frees.

[root@root]:/#vmstat 2 3
kthr                        memory                                                page                                                disk                                        faults                        cpu
r b w         swap        free        re        mf pi po fr de sr m1 m1 m1 m2         in         sy         cs us sy id
0 0 0 29768368 10919848 25 43 19 147 147 0 0 0 0 0        0 3423 106116 3359 6 3 92
0 0 0 29418840 11055544 4 10 0 0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0 4643 103693 4439 3 1 96
0 0 0 29418520 11055312 0 1 0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0 4617 103677 4428 3 1 96
[root@root]:/#vmstat epi
kthr                        memory                                                page                                                disk                                        faults                        cpu
r b w         swap        free        re        mf pi po fr de sr -- -- -- --         in         sy         cs us sy id
0 0 0 29768368 10919848 25 43 19 147 147 0 0 0 0 0        0 3423 106116 3359 6 3 92
[root@root]:/#vmstat
kthr                        memory                                                page                                                disk                                        faults                        cpu
r b w         swap        free        re        mf pi po fr de sr m1 m1 m1 m2         in         sy         cs us sy id
0 0 0 29768360 10919848 25 43 19 147 147 0 0 0 0 0        0 3423 106116 3359 6 3 92
[root@root]:/#vmstat fpf
kthr                        memory                                                page                                                disk                                        faults                        cpu
r b w         swap        free        re        mf pi po fr de sr -- -- -- --         in         sy         cs us sy id
0 0 0 29768360 10919848 25 43 19 147 147 0 0 0 0 0        0 3423 106116 3359 6 3 92
[root@root]:/#
具体用法参见：
procs or kthr/r: Run queue length.
procs or kthr/b: Processes blocked while waiting for I/O.
procs or kthr/w: Idle processes which have been swapped.
memory/swap: Free, unreserved swap space (Kb).
memory/free: Free memory (Kb). (Note that this will grow until it reaches lotsfree, at which point the page scanner is started. See "Paging" for more details.)
page/re: Pages reclaimed from the free list. (If a page on the free list still contains data needed for a new request, it can be remapped.)
page/mf: Minor faults (page in memory, but not mapped). (If the page is still in memory, a minor fault remaps the page. It is comparable to the vflts value reported by sar -p.)
page/pi: Paged in from swap (Kb/s). (When a page is brought back from the swap device, the process will stop execution and wait. This may affect performance.)
page/po: Paged out to swap (Kb/s). (The page has been written and freed. This can be the result of activity by the pageout scanner, a file close, or fsflush.)
page/fr: Freed or destroyed (Kb/s). (This column reports the activity of the page scanner.)
page/de: Freed after writes (Kb/s). (These pages have been freed due to a pageout.)
page/sr: Scan rate (pages). Note that this number is not reported as a "rate," but as a total number of pages scanned.
disk/s#: Disk activity for disk # (I/O's per second).
faults/ in: Interrupts (per second).
faults/sy: System calls (per second).
faults/cs: Context switches (per second).
cpu/us: User CPU time (%).
cpu/sy: Kernel CPU time (%).
cpu/id: Idle + I/O wait CPU time (%).

3.sar-----system activity reporter

用法：
sar [-aAbcdgkmpqruvwy] [-o filename] t [n]
sar [-ubdycwaqvmpgrkA] [-s hh:mm][-e hh:mm][-i ss][-f file]

eg:
[root@root]:/#sar 3 5

SunOS root 5.10 Generic_142909-17 sun4v        12/03/2012

06:13:37        %usr        %sys        %wio     %idle
06:13:40             3             1             0            96
06:13:44             3             1             0            96
06:13:47             3             1             0            96
06:13:50             3             1             0            96
06:13:53             3             1             0            96

Average                3             1             0            96
[root@root]:/#sar -k 1 5

SunOS root 5.10 Generic_142909-17 sun4v        12/03/2012

06:13:59 sml_mem     alloc    fail    lg_mem     alloc    fail    ovsz_alloc    fail
06:14:00 145441920 109062696         0 921534464 807430736         0     157818880         0
06:14:01 145441920 109060328         0 921534464 807383880         0     157818880         0
06:14:02 145441920 109060936         0 921534464 807387080         0     157818880         0
06:14:03 145441920 109061080         0 921534464 807380056         0     157818880         0
06:14:05 145441920 109058288         0 921534464 807379496         0     157818880         0

Average    145441920 109060656         0 921534464 807392256         0     157818880         0
[root@root]:/#

4.swap----swap administrative interface

[root@root]:/#swap --help
swap: illegal option -- help
Usage:    swap -l
                swap -s
                swap -d <file name> [low block]
                swap -a <file name> [low block] [nbr of blocks]
[root@root]:/#swap -l
swapfile                         dev    swaplo blocks     free
/dev/md/dsk/d20         85,20         16 40968560 40968560
[root@root]:/#swap -s
total: 3744304k bytes allocated + 259816k reserved = 4004120k used, 29420120k available

5.ps----report process status

进程的内存也可分为2种，虚拟内存使用和物理内存使用。进程虚拟内存是指已经分配给进程的虚拟地址空间（virtual address space）;物理内存是指分配给进程的真实的物理内存（real physical memory pages）数量。
(Ps的vsz表示虚拟内存，rss表示物理内存)
[root@root]:/#ps -opid,vsz,rss,args
        PID        VSZ        RSS COMMAND
1724 5048 3344 -bash
2235 3440 1832 ps -opid,vsz,rss,args
[root@root]:/#
用PS命令的-o选项来实现，这些选项有：user ruser group rgroup uid ruid gid rgid pid ppid pgid sid taskid ctid pri opri pcpu pmem vsz rss osz nice class time etime stime zone zoneid f s c lwp nlwp psr tty addr wchan fname comm args projid project pset
具体的意思可以man ps来查看。

查看solaris内存使用情况，按占用内存大小排序
[root@root]:/#ps -efo pmem,uid,pid,ppid,pcpu,comm | sort -r

6.echo ::memsta

[root@root]:/#echo ::memstat | mdb -k

Page Summary                                Pages                                MB    %Tot
------------         ----------------    ----------------    ----
Kernel                                         117426                             917        6%
Anon                                             470333                            3674     23%
Exec and libs                             27313                             213        1%
Page cache                                    63492                             496        3%
Free (cachelist)                     216855                            1694     11%
Free (freelist)                     1162244                            9080     56%

Total                                         2057663                         16075
Physical                                    2038308                         15924
[root@root]:/#
具体解释：
Kernel: Kernel pages
Anon: anonymous pages (such as stack, heap, shared mem etc)
Exec and libs: executables and libraries
Page cache:    file cache
Free (cachelist) + Free (freelist) = freemem(vmstat 中的free值)

此命令运行起来时间比较长。

7.prstat----report active process statistics

[root@root]:/#prstat -a
     PID USERNAME    SIZE     RSS STATE    PRI NICE            TIME    CPU PROCESS/NLWP            
27723 sapi     8736K 5840K cpu1        30        0 145:04:55 3.1% BMCMM/25
     988 sapi         19M     13M sleep     59        0     0:01:28 0.1% Master/521
    2505 sapi         15M     10M sleep     59        0     0:00:01 0.1% SegmentServer/520
14487 sapi         13M     10M sleep     59        0     0:41:47 0.0% BMCI/78
    1238 sapi         12M 9536K sleep     59        0     0:00:34 0.0% BMCI/75
    2528 root         5632K 4024K cpu27     59        0     0:00:00 0.0% prstat/1
    7177 sapi         27M     18M sleep     59        0     0:11:32 0.0% SRAgent/251
27729 sapi         75M     46M sleep     59        0     0:59:42 0.0% MOAgent/288
27727 sapi         88M     45M sleep     59        0     0:52:14 0.0% MTAgent/187
    1860 sapi         11M 8824K sleep     59        0     0:00:08 0.0% EXAgent/146
26844 sapi        407M    319M sleep     59        0     0:37:14 0.0% java/72
27410 sapi         10M 7096K sleep     59        0     0:31:13 0.0% BillGather/108
    2521 oracle     2681M 2545M sleep     59        0     0:00:00 0.0% oracle/1
27738 sapi         12M 8912K sleep     59        0     0:33:09 0.0% DSMPAgent/133
    5713 oracle     2683M 2547M sleep     59        0     0:06:50 0.0% oracle/1
27741 sapi     8080K 5376K sleep     59        0     0:10:49 0.0% SeqServer/10
    2360 sapi     5208K 3184K sleep     59        0     0:00:00 0.0% bash/1
    7641 oracle     2689M 2551M sleep     49        0     0:22:11 0.0% oracle/1
    5678 oracle        290M    191M sleep     29     10     0:15:00 0.0% java/27
    1696 noaccess    153M     78M sleep     59        0     0:21:01 0.0% java/18
    7645 oracle     2681M 2543M sleep     59        0     0:25:23 0.0% oracle/1
     673 root         6472K 2912K sleep     59        0     0:00:17 0.0% syslogd/16
    1261 sapi     5208K 3184K sleep     59        0     0:00:00 0.0% bash/1
     682 root         5288K 1936K sleep     59        0     0:00:00 0.0% vold/4
     459 root         2928K    992K sleep     59        0     0:00:00 0.0% ttymon/1
     456 root         1720K 1008K sleep     59        0     0:00:03 0.0% utmpd/1
     483 root         5048K    928K sleep     59        0     0:00:00 0.0% bash/1
     504 root             13M 5080K sleep     59        0     0:00:16 0.0% inetd/4
     385 daemon     2792K    552K sleep     60    -20     0:00:00 0.0% lockd/2
     317 daemon     3264K    968K sleep     59        0     0:00:00 0.0% rpcbind/1
NPROC USERNAME    SWAP     RSS MEMORY            TIME    CPU                                                        
        65 sapi        788M    760M     4.6% 149:53:19 3.5%
        55 root            100M    113M     0.7%     1:48:54 0.0%
        29 oracle     2923M 3186M        19%     2:02:45 0.0%
         1 noaccess    144M    115M     0.7%     0:21:01 0.0%
         1 smmsp        2152K 9688K     0.1%     0:00:08 0.0%
         6 daemon     9896K     12M     0.1%     0:01:04 0.0%




Total: 157 processes, 3401 lwps, load averages: 1.33, 1.29, 1.27
[root@root]:/#
用法说明：
*PID            ：进程的进程 ID。
*USERNAME ：真实用户（登录）名称或真实用户 ID。
*SIZE         ：进程的总虚拟内存大小，以 K、M 或 G 为单位。
*RSS            ：进程的驻留集大小 (RSS)，以 K、M 或 G 为单位。(RSS是进程驻留内存的大小，SIZE是进
                        程总共的大小。一般SIZE要大于RSS，至于SIZE大于RSS的部分就放到了SWAP区里了)
*STATE        ：进程的状态 (cpuN/sleep/wait/run/zombie/stop)。
*PRI            ：进程的优先级。数字更大表示优先级更高。
*NICE         ：优先级计算中使用的 nice 值。只有特定调度类中的进程才有 nice 值。
*TIME         ：进程的累计执行时间。
*CPU            ：进程使用的当前 CPU 时间的百分比。如果在非全局域中执行并且池设备是活动的，百分比将
                        zone绑定的池所使用的处理器集合中处理器的百分比。
*PROCESS    ：进程的名称（执行文件的名称）。
*NLWP         ：进程中 lwps 的数量

中间还有个参数：系统平均负载(Load average)在Linux系统中，uptime、w、top等命令都会有系统平均负载load average的输出.
命令输出的最后内容表示在过去的1、5、15分钟内运行队列中的平均进程数量。 只要每个CPU的当前活动进程数不大于3那么系统的性能就是良好的，如果每个CPU的任务数大于5，那么就表示这台机器的性能有严重问题。load average/cpu_num< 3 就是性能不错的。
顺便提一下，多个CPU状态查看命令：mpstat

8.top  solaris默认没有安装，手动安装

作用为动态查看内存，cpu的使用率变化等。

9.mpstat----report per-processor or  per-processor-set  statistics

[root@root]:/#mpstat
CPU minf mjf xcal    intr ithr    csw icsw migr smtx    srw syscl    usr sys    wt idl
    0        1     0     55     269     29     76        0        2    148        0     941        2     2     0    97
    1        3     0    108     190     78    210        1        6    506        0    5090     10     5     0    86
    2        1     0     26     110     45    109        1        4    376        0    1987        5     3     0    92
    3        0     0     19        54     20     54        0        2    251        0    1669        4     2     0    94
    4        0     0     18        31     10     31        0        1    220        0     746        2     1     0    97
    5        1     0     34        64     24     67        0        2    221        0    1465        3     2     0    95
    6        3     0    109     197     81    217        1        7    578        1    5213     10     5     0    85
    7        1     0     30     119     48    118        1        4    473        0    2280        5     3     0    92
    8        1     0     14        58     23     57        0        3    346        0    1446        3     2     0    95
    9        0     0        6        24        9     23        0        1    174        0     639        2     1     0    97
10        0     0     28        46     18     52        0        1    180        0    2514        4     2     0    94
11        4     0    120     186     76    213        2        7    596        1 12343     17     7     0    77
12        5     0    111     234     97    254        1        9    565        1    5907     10     5     0    84
13        1     0     22     139     60    137        1        5    416        0    2325        5     3     0    92
14        0     0        7        60     26     58        0        2    194        0     887        2     1     0    96
15        0     0     14        38     16     39        0        1    169        0    1408        3     1     0    96
16        1     0     23        80     33     83        0        2    145        0     713        2     1     0    97
17        3     0    122     218     89    246        1        8    388        1    2578        7     4     0    89
18        1     0     25     138     65    126        0        4    257        0    1238        3     2     0    95
19        0     0     25        98     68     51        0        2    144        0     666        2     1     0    97
20        0     0        3        15        6     14        0        1    168        0     496        1     1     0    98
21        1     0     21        47     19     49        0        1    120        0    2653        3     1     0    95
22        4     0     98     165     67    187        2        6    521        1 15703     19     6     0    75
23        1     0     18     101     43    100        1        4    404        0    2796        6     3     0    91
24        1     0     12        49     19     48        0        3    356        0    1715        4     2     0    95
25        0     0        6        22        8     21        0        1    169        0     812        2     1     0    97
26        1     0     15        34     14     36        0        1    149        0    2154        3     1     0    96
27        4     0    119     184     75    211        2        7    598        1 14969     19     7     0    74
28        4     0    108     226     94    246        1        9    576        1    7732     12     5     0    83
29        1     0     22     137     59    135        1        5    416        0    2172        5     3     0    92
30        0     0        7        59     26     57        0        2    196        0    1171        3     1     0    96
31        0     0     10        34     14     35        0        1    175        0    1681        3     1     0    96
[root@root]:/#

10.iostat

iostat - report I/O statistics
[root@root]:/#iostat 2 5
     tty                md10                    md11                    md12                    md20                     cpu
tin tout kps tps serv    kps tps serv    kps tps serv    kps tps serv     us sy wt id
     0     71     0     0     12        0     0     11        0     0     12        0     0        7        6    3    0 92
     0    878     0     1     28        0     1        9        0     1     12        0     0        0        6    1    0 93
     0    799     0     0        0        0     0        0        0     0        0        0     0        0        6    1    0 93
     0    799     0     0        0        0     0        0        0     0        0        0     0        0        6    1    0 93
     0    799     1     1     27        1     1     13        1     1     12        0     0        0        6    1    0 93
[root@root]:/#
终端        设备类型
                tin            终端输入队列中的字符数
                tout         终端输出队列中的字符数

磁盘        设备类型
                bps            每秒块数
                tps            每秒事务数
                serv         平均服务时间，以毫秒为单位
                                                                            
CPU     设备类型
                us             在用户模式下
                sy             在系统模式下
                wt             等待 I/O
                id             空闲

本文出自 “Focus on Oracle” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://alexy.blog.51cto.com/6115453/1088068