import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk, messagebox, filedialog
import json
import os
import math
import numpy as np
class OpticalSystem:
def __init__(self):
self.surfaces = [] # 存储光学表面对象
self.entrance_pupil_diameter = None # 入瞳直径 (mm)
self.entrance_pupil_position = None # 入瞳位置 (相对第一个面顶点) (mm)
self.object_infinite = True # 物在无穷远
self.field_angle = None # 半视场角 (度)
self.object_distance = None # 物距 (有限远) (mm)
self.object_height = None # 物高 (有限远) (mm)
self.aperture_angle = None # 孔径角 (有限远) (度)
self.light_type = "d" # 色光类型，默认d光
self.ray_paths = [] # 存储光线路径数据
# 计算结果存储
self.results = {
"focal_length": None, # 焦距 f'
"ideal_image_distance": None, # 理想像距 l'
"actual_image_position": None, # 实际像位置
"image_principal_plane": None, # 像方主面位置 lH'
"exit_pupil_distance": None, # 出瞳距 lp'
"ideal_image_height": None, # 理想像高 y0'
"spherical_aberration": None, # 球差
"longitudinal_chromatic": None, # 位置色差
"tangential_field_curvature": None, # 子午场曲 xt'
"sagittal_field_curvature": None, # 弧矢场曲 xs'
"astigmatism": None, # 像散 Δxts'
"actual_image_height": None, # 实际像高
"relative_distortion": None, # 相对畸变
"absolute_distortion": None, # 绝对畸变
"lateral_chromatic": None, # 倍率色差
"tangential_coma": None # 子午慧差
}
class Surface:
def __init__(self, r=float('inf'), d=0.0, nd=1.0, vd=0.0):
self.r = r # 曲率半径 (mm)
self.d = d # 厚度/间隔 (mm)
self.nd = nd # d光折射率
self.vd = vd # 阿贝数
def to_dict(self):
"""将表面数据转换为字典"""
return {
"r": self.r,
"d": self.d,
"nd": self.nd,
"vd": self.vd
}
@classmethod
def from_dict(cls, data):
"""从字典创建表面对象"""
return cls(
r=data.get('r', float('inf')),
d=data.get('d', 0.0),
nd=data.get('nd', 1.0),
vd=data.get('vd', 0.0)
)
class calculate:
def trace_paraxial_ray(surfaces, h0, u0, n0=1.0):
"""
近轴光线追迹函数
:param surfaces: 光学表面列表
:param h0: 初始光线高度
:param u0: 初始光线角度（弧度）
:param n0: 初始介质折射率
:return: 最后的光线高度和角度
"""
h = h0
u = u0
n = n0 # 当前介质折射率
for i, surf in enumerate(surfaces):
# 计算曲率（平面时曲率为0）
c = 0.0 if math.isinf(surf.r) else 1.0 / surf.r
# 折射公式：n'u' = nu + (n - n') * c * h
n_prime = surf.nd # 折射后折射率
u_prime = (n * u + (n - n_prime) * c * h) / n_prime
# 如果当前不是最后一个面，计算传播到下个面的高度
if i < len(surfaces) - 1:
d = surf.d # 到下一个面的距离
h_next = h + d * u_prime
else:
h_next = h # 最后一个面后不需要传播
# 更新参数
h = h_next
u = u_prime
n = n_prime # 更新为当前面后的折射率
return h, u
def calculate_focal_length(surfaces):
"""
计算系统焦距
:param surfaces: 光学表面列表
:return: 焦距值（mm）
"""
# 追迹平行于光轴的光线（无穷远物）
h0 = 1.0 # 任意高度，取1便于计算
u0 = 0.0 # 平行于光轴
h_final, u_final = calculate.trace_paraxial_ray(surfaces, h0, u0)
# 焦距 f' = -h0 / u_final
if abs(u_final) < 1e-10: # 防止除零错误
return float('inf')
return -h0 / u_final
def calculate_ideal_image_distance(surfaces, object_infinite, object_distance=None):
"""
计算理想像距
:param surfaces: 光学表面列表
:param object_infinite: 物是否在无穷远
:param object_distance: 物距（有限远时）
:return: 理想像距（mm）
"""
if object_infinite:
# 无穷远物：理想像距等于焦距对应的像距
return calculate.calculate_focal_length(surfaces)
else:
# 有限远物：使用高斯公式计算理想像距
if object_distance is None:
raise ValueError("有限远物需要提供物距")
# 计算系统焦距
f_prime = calculate.calculate_focal_length(surfaces)
# 高斯公式：1/f' = 1/l' - 1/l
# 其中 l 为物距（负值），l' 为像距
l = -object_distance # 物距为负值（物在左侧）
# 计算像距 l'
if abs(f_prime) < 1e-10:
return float('inf')
l_prime = 1 / (1/f_prime + 1/l)
return l_prime
def calculate_principal_plane_position(surfaces):
"""
计算像方主面位置
:param surfaces: 光学表面列表
:return: 主面位置（相对于最后一个面顶点，正值表示在右侧）
"""
# 计算焦距
f_prime = calculate.calculate_focal_length(surfaces)
# 追迹平行于光轴的光线
h0 = 1.0 # 初始高度
u0 = 0.0 # 平行于光轴
h_final, u_final = calculate.trace_paraxial_ray(surfaces, h0, u0)
# 主面位置 lH' = -h_final / u_final - f_prime
if abs(u_final) < 1e-10:
return float('inf')
return -h_final / u_final - f_prime
def calculate_exit_pupil_distance(surfaces, entrance_pupil_position):
"""
计算系统的出瞳距
:param surfaces: 光学表面列表
:param entrance_pupil_position: 入瞳位置（相对于第一个面顶点）
:return: 出瞳距（相对于最后一个面顶点）
"""
# 定义初始光线参数
u0 = 0.01 # 小角度（弧度）
# 计算第一个面的光线高度
h0 = -entrance_pupil_position * u0
# 进行近轴光线追迹
h_final, u_final = calculate.trace_paraxial_ray(surfaces, h0, u0)
# 计算出瞳距：l' = -h_final / u_final
if abs(u_final) < 1e-10: # 防止除零错误
return float('inf')
return -h_final / u_final
def calculate_ideal_image_height(system):
"""
计算理想像高
:param system: OpticalSystem对象
:return: 理想像高（mm）
"""
# 获取系统焦距
focal_length = calculate.calculate_focal_length(system.surfaces)
if system.object_infinite: # 无穷远物
# 理想像高 y0' = -f' * tan(ω)
field_angle_rad = math.radians(system.field_angle)
return -focal_length * math.tan(field_angle_rad)
else: # 有限远物
# 获取理想像距
ideal_image_distance = calculate.calculate_ideal_image_distance(
system.surfaces,
system.object_infinite,
system.object_distance
)
# 获取主面位置
principal_plane = calculate.calculate_principal_plane_position(system.surfaces)
# 计算实际像位置（从最后一个面顶点）
actual_image_position = ideal_image_distance + principal_plane
# 计算放大率 β = l'/l
# l = -object_distance（物在左侧为负）
magnification = actual_image_position / (-system.object_distance)
# 理想像高 y0' = β * y
return magnification * system.object_height
class MainApplication:
def __init__(self, root):
self.root = root
self.root.title("光学系统计算程序")
self.root.geometry("1000x850")
# 创建光学系统对象
self.system = OpticalSystem()
# 创建GUI组件
self.create_widgets()
# 加载默认设置（如果有）
self.load_default_settings()
def create_widgets(self):
# 主框架
main_frame = ttk.Frame(self.root)
main_frame.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=10, pady=10)
# 文件操作框架
file_frame = ttk.LabelFrame(main_frame, text="文件操作")
file_frame.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=5, pady=5)
# 文件路径输入
ttk.Label(file_frame, text="文件路径:").grid(row=0, column=0, padx=5, pady=5)
self.file_path_entry = ttk.Entry(file_frame, width=50)
self.file_path_entry.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=5, pady=5)
# 文件操作按钮
browse_btn = ttk.Button(file_frame, text="浏览...", command=self.browse_file)
browse_btn.grid(row=0, column=2, padx=5, pady=5)
load_btn = ttk.Button(file_frame, text="加载系统参数", command=self.load_system)
load_btn.grid(row=0, column=3, padx=5, pady=5)
save_btn = ttk.Button(file_frame, text="保存系统参数", command=self.save_system)
save_btn.grid(row=0, column=4, padx=5, pady=5)
# 左侧面板 - 输入参数
left_frame = ttk.LabelFrame(main_frame, text="系统参数输入")
left_frame.pack(side=tk.LEFT, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=5, pady=5)
# 右侧面板 - 结果展示
right_frame = ttk.LabelFrame(main_frame, text="计算结果")
right_frame.pack(side=tk.RIGHT, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=5, pady=5)
# 创建左侧面板的子组件
self.create_input_panel(left_frame)
# 创建右侧面板的子组件
self.create_result_panel(right_frame)
# 计算按钮
calc_frame = ttk.Frame(main_frame)
calc_frame.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=5, pady=10)
calc_btn = ttk.Button(calc_frame, text="开始计算", command=self.calculate, width=15)
calc_btn.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=10)
save_result_btn = ttk.Button(calc_frame, text="保存计算结果", command=self.save_results, width=15)
save_result_btn.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=10)
clear_btn = ttk.Button(calc_frame, text="清除所有", command=self.clear_all, width=15)
clear_btn.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=10)
def browse_file(self):
"""浏览文件按钮处理函数"""
file_path = filedialog.askopenfilename(
title="选择文件",
filetypes=[("JSON文件", "*.json"), ("所有文件", "*.*")]
)
if file_path:
self.file_path_entry.delete(0, tk.END)
self.file_path_entry.insert(0, file_path)
def create_input_panel(self, parent):
# 入瞳参数
pupil_frame = ttk.LabelFrame(parent, text="入瞳参数")
pupil_frame.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=5, pady=5)
ttk.Label(pupil_frame, text="入瞳直径 (mm):").grid(row=0, column=0, padx=5, pady=5, sticky="w")
self.entrance_diameter_entry = ttk.Entry(pupil_frame, width=15)
self.entrance_diameter_entry.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=5, pady=5)
ttk.Label(pupil_frame, text="入瞳位置 (mm):").grid(row=0, column=2, padx=5, pady=5, sticky="w")
self.entrance_position_entry = ttk.Entry(pupil_frame, width=15)
self.entrance_position_entry.grid(row=0, column=3, padx=5, pady=5)
# 色光类型选择
ttk.Label(pupil_frame, text="色光类型:").grid(row=1, column=0, padx=5, pady=5, sticky="w")
self.light_type_var = tk.StringVar(value="d")
self.light_type_combo = ttk.Combobox(pupil_frame, textvariable=self.light_type_var, width=12, state="readonly")
self.light_type_combo["values"] = ("d", "f", "c")
self.light_type_combo.grid(row=1, column=1, padx=5, pady=5, sticky="w")
# 物方参数
object_frame = ttk.LabelFrame(parent, text="物方参数")
object_frame.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=5, pady=5)
# 物距选择
self.object_var = tk.BooleanVar(value=True) # True: 无穷远, False: 有限远
ttk.Radiobutton(object_frame, text="物在无穷远", variable=self.object_var, value=True,
command=self.toggle_object_input).grid(row=0, column=0, padx=5, pady=5)
ttk.Radiobutton(object_frame, text="物在有限远", variable=self.object_var, value=False,
command=self.toggle_object_input).grid(row=0, column=1, padx=5, pady=5)
# 无穷远参数
self.infinite_frame = ttk.Frame(object_frame)
self.infinite_frame.grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan=2, sticky="w", padx=5, pady=5)
ttk.Label(self.infinite_frame, text="半视场角 (度):").grid(row=0, column=0, padx=5, pady=5, sticky="w")
self.field_angle_entry = ttk.Entry(self.infinite_frame, width=15)
self.field_angle_entry.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=5, pady=5)
# 有限远参数 (初始隐藏)
self.finite_frame = ttk.Frame(object_frame)
self.finite_frame.grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan=2, sticky="w", padx=5, pady=5)
self.finite_frame.grid_remove() # 初始隐藏
ttk.Label(self.finite_frame, text="物距 (mm):").grid(row=0, column=0, padx=5, pady=5, sticky="w")
self.object_distance_entry = ttk.Entry(self.finite_frame, width=15)
self.object_distance_entry.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=5, pady=5)
ttk.Label(self.finite_frame, text="物高 (mm):").grid(row=0, column=2, padx=5, pady=5, sticky="w")
self.object_height_entry = ttk.Entry(self.finite_frame, width=15)
self.object_height_entry.grid(row=0, column=3, padx=5, pady=5)
ttk.Label(self.finite_frame, text="孔径角 (度):").grid(row=0, column=4, padx=5, pady=5, sticky="w")
self.aperture_angle_entry = ttk.Entry(self.finite_frame, width=15)
self.aperture_angle_entry.grid(row=0, column=5, padx=5, pady=5)
# 光学表面输入
surface_frame = ttk.LabelFrame(parent, text="光学表面参数")
surface_frame.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=5, pady=5)
# 表面输入控件
input_frame = ttk.Frame(surface_frame)
input_frame.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=5, pady=5)
ttk.Label(input_frame, text="曲率半径 (mm):").grid(row=0, column=0, padx=5, pady=5)
self.radius_entry = ttk.Entry(input_frame, width=10)
self.radius_entry.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=5, pady=5)
self.radius_entry.insert(0, "50")
ttk.Label(input_frame, text="厚度 (mm):").grid(row=0, column=2, padx=5, pady=5)
self.thickness_entry = ttk.Entry(input_frame, width=10)
self.thickness_entry.grid(row=0, column=3, padx=5, pady=5)
self.thickness_entry.insert(0, "5")
ttk.Label(input_frame, text="折射率 (nd):").grid(row=0, column=4, padx=5, pady=5)
self.nd_entry = ttk.Entry(input_frame, width=10)
self.nd_entry.grid(row=0, column=5, padx=5, pady=5)
self.nd_entry.insert(0, "1.5")
ttk.Label(input_frame, text="阿贝数 (vd):").grid(row=0, column=6, padx=5, pady=5)
self.vd_entry = ttk.Entry(input_frame, width=10)
self.vd_entry.grid(row=0, column=7, padx=5, pady=5)
self.vd_entry.insert(0, "60")
button_frame = ttk.Frame(input_frame)
button_frame.grid(row=0, column=8, padx=10)
add_btn = ttk.Button(button_frame, text="添加表面", command=self.add_surface)
add_btn.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=5)
remove_btn = ttk.Button(button_frame, text="删除表面", command=self.remove_surface)
remove_btn.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=5)
# 表面列表
list_frame = ttk.Frame(surface_frame)
list_frame.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=5, pady=5)
columns = ("#", "曲率半径 (mm)", "厚度 (mm)", "折射率 (nd)", "阿贝数 (vd)")
self.surface_tree = ttk.Treeview(list_frame, columns=columns, show="headings", height=8)
for col in columns:
self.surface_tree.heading(col, text=col)
self.surface_tree.column(col, width=100, anchor=tk.CENTER)
vsb = ttk.Scrollbar(list_frame, orient="vertical", command=self.surface_tree.yview)
self.surface_tree.configure(yscrollcommand=vsb.set)
self.surface_tree.pack(side=tk.LEFT, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True)
vsb.pack(side=tk.RIGHT, fill=tk.Y)
def create_result_panel(self, parent):
# 结果文本框
self.result_text = tk.Text(parent, wrap=tk.WORD)
result_scroll_y = ttk.Scrollbar(parent, orient="vertical", command=self.result_text.yview)
result_scroll_x = ttk.Scrollbar(parent, orient="horizontal", command=self.result_text.xview)
self.result_text.configure(yscrollcommand=result_scroll_y.set, xscrollcommand=result_scroll_x.set)
result_scroll_y.pack(side=tk.RIGHT, fill=tk.Y)
result_scroll_x.pack(side=tk.BOTTOM, fill=tk.X)
self.result_text.pack(side=tk.LEFT, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True)
# 设置初始文本
self.result_text.insert(tk.END, "计算结果将显示在此处...\n\n")
self.result_text.configure(state=tk.DISABLED)
def toggle_object_input(self):
"""切换物方参数输入界面"""
if self.object_var.get(): # 无穷远
self.infinite_frame.grid()
self.finite_frame.grid_remove()
else: # 有限远
self.infinite_frame.grid_remove()
self.finite_frame.grid()
def add_surface(self):
"""添加光学表面"""
try:
# 获取输入值
r = self.radius_entry.get().strip()
d = self.thickness_entry.get().strip()
nd = self.nd_entry.get().strip()
vd = self.vd_entry.get().strip()
# 处理输入值
r = float(r) if r and r.lower() != "inf" else float('inf')
d = float(d) if d else 0.0
nd = float(nd) if nd else 1.0
vd = float(vd) if vd else 0.0
# 添加到系统
surface = Surface(r, d, nd, vd)
self.system.surfaces.append(surface)
# 添加到树形视图
r_str = "平面" if r == float('inf') else f"{r:.2f}"
self.surface_tree.insert("", "end", values=(
len(self.system.surfaces),
r_str,
f"{d:.2f}",
f"{nd:.4f}",
f"{vd:.1f}"
))
# 清空输入框
self.radius_entry.delete(0, tk.END)
self.thickness_entry.delete(0, tk.END)
self.nd_entry.delete(0, tk.END)
self.vd_entry.delete(0, tk.END)
self.radius_entry.focus_set()
except ValueError:
messagebox.showerror("输入错误", "请输入有效的数字")
def remove_surface(self):
"""删除选中的光学表面"""
selected = self.surface_tree.selection()
if selected:
# 从树形视图中删除
for item in selected:
index = int(self.surface_tree.item(item, "values")[0]) - 1
self.surface_tree.delete(item)
# 从系统中删除
if 0 <= index < len(self.system.surfaces):
self.system.surfaces.pop(index)
# 更新剩余表面的序号
for i, item in enumerate(self.surface_tree.get_children()):
values = list(self.surface_tree.item(item, "values"))
values[0] = i + 1
self.surface_tree.item(item, values=values)
def load_system(self):
"""加载系统参数文件"""
file_path = self.file_path_entry.get().strip()
if not file_path:
messagebox.showwarning("警告", "请输入文件路径")
return
try:
with open(file_path, 'r') as f:
data = json.load(f)
# 加载系统参数
self.system.entrance_pupil_diameter = data.get("entrance_pupil_diameter")
self.system.entrance_pupil_position = data.get("entrance_pupil_position")
self.system.object_infinite = data.get("object_infinite", True)
self.system.field_angle = data.get("field_angle")
self.system.object_distance = data.get("object_distance")
self.system.object_height = data.get("object_height")
self.system.aperture_angle = data.get("aperture_angle")
# 更新UI中的参数值
if self.system.entrance_pupil_diameter is not None:
self.entrance_diameter_entry.delete(0, tk.END)
self.entrance_diameter_entry.insert(0, str(self.system.entrance_pupil_diameter))
if self.system.entrance_pupil_position is not None:
self.entrance_position_entry.delete(0, tk.END)
self.entrance_position_entry.insert(0, str(self.system.entrance_pupil_position))
self.object_var.set(self.system.object_infinite)
self.toggle_object_input()
if self.system.field_angle is not None:
self.field_angle_entry.delete(0, tk.END)
self.field_angle_entry.insert(0, str(self.system.field_angle))
if self.system.object_distance is not None:
self.object_distance_entry.delete(0, tk.END)
self.object_distance_entry.insert(0, str(self.system.object_distance))
if self.system.object_height is not None:
self.object_height_entry.delete(0, tk.END)
self.object_height_entry.insert(0, str(self.system.object_height))
if self.system.aperture_angle is not None:
self.aperture_angle_entry.delete(0, tk.END)
self.aperture_angle_entry.insert(0, str(self.system.aperture_angle))
# 加载表面数据
self.system.surfaces = []
self.surface_tree.delete(*self.surface_tree.get_children())
surfaces_data = data.get("surfaces", [])
for surf_data in surfaces_data:
surface = Surface.from_dict(surf_data)
self.system.surfaces.append(surface)
r_str = "平面" if surface.r == float('inf') else f"{surface.r:.2f}"
self.surface_tree.insert("", "end", values=(
len(self.system.surfaces),
r_str,
f"{surface.d:.2f}",
f"{surface.nd:.4f}",
f"{surface.vd:.1f}"
))
messagebox.showinfo("成功", f"系统参数已从 {os.path.basename(file_path)} 加载")
# 显示加载的系统信息
self.result_text.configure(state=tk.NORMAL)
self.result_text.delete(1.0, tk.END)
self.result_text.insert(tk.END, f"已加载系统参数文件: {file_path}\n")
self.result_text.insert(tk.END, f"包含 {len(self.system.surfaces)} 个光学表面\n")
self.result_text.configure(state=tk.DISABLED)
except FileNotFoundError:
messagebox.showerror("错误", f"文件不存在: {file_path}")
except Exception as e:
messagebox.showerror("加载错误", f"加载文件失败: {str(e)}")
def save_system(self):
"""保存系统参数文件"""
# 更新系统参数
if not self.update_system_from_ui():
return
# 如果没有表面数据，提示用户
if not self.system.surfaces:
messagebox.showwarning("警告", "没有光学表面数据，无法保存")
return
file_path = self.file_path_entry.get().strip()
if not file_path:
messagebox.showwarning("警告", "请输入保存路径")
return
try:
# 准备保存数据
data = {
"entrance_pupil_diameter": self.system.entrance_pupil_diameter,
"entrance_pupil_position": self.system.entrance_pupil_position,
"object_infinite": self.system.object_infinite,
"field_angle": self.system.field_angle,
"object_distance": self.system.object_distance,
"object_height": self.system.object_height,
"aperture_angle": self.system.aperture_angle,
"surfaces": [surf.to_dict() for surf in self.system.surfaces]
}
with open(file_path, 'w') as f:
json.dump(data, f, indent=4)
messagebox.showinfo("成功", f"系统参数已保存到 {os.path.basename(file_path)}")
# 显示保存信息
self.result_text.configure(state=tk.NORMAL)
self.result_text.insert(tk.END, f"系统参数已保存到: {file_path}\n")
self.result_text.configure(state=tk.DISABLED)
except Exception as e:
messagebox.showerror("保存错误", f"保存文件失败: {str(e)}")
def save_results(self):
"""保存计算结果到文件"""
if not self.system.results or all(v is None for v in self.system.results.values()):
messagebox.showwarning("警告", "没有计算结果可保存")
return
file_path = filedialog.asksaveasfilename(
title="保存计算结果",
defaultextension=".txt",
filetypes=[("文本文件", "*.txt"), ("所有文件", "*.*")]
)
if not file_path:
return
try:
with open(file_path, 'w') as f:
# 写入系统参数摘要
f.write("===== 光学系统参数 =====\n")
f.write(f"入瞳直径: {self.system.entrance_pupil_diameter} mm\n")
f.write(f"入瞳位置: {self.system.entrance_pupil_position} mm\n")
f.write(f"色光类型: {self.system.light_type}\n")
f.write("物距类型: " + ("无穷远" if self.system.object_infinite else "有限远") + "\n")
if self.system.object_infinite:
f.write(f"半视场角: {self.system.field_angle} 度\n")
else:
f.write(f"物距: {self.system.object_distance} mm\n")
f.write(f"物高: {self.system.object_height} mm\n")
f.write(f"孔径角: {self.system.aperture_angle} 度\n")
f.write("\n光学表面参数:\n")
for i, surf in enumerate(self.system.surfaces):
r_str = "平面" if surf.r == float('inf') else f"{surf.r:.2f} mm"
f.write(f"表面 {i+1}: r={r_str}, d={surf.d:.2f} mm, nd={surf.nd:.4f}, vd={surf.vd:.1f}\n")
# 写入计算结果
f.write("\n\n===== 计算结果 =====\n")
for key, value in self.system.results.items():
if value is not None:
# 格式化键名
label = self.format_result_label(key)
f.write(f"{label}: {value}\n")
messagebox.showinfo("成功", f"计算结果已保存到 {os.path.basename(file_path)}")
# 显示保存信息
self.result_text.configure(state=tk.NORMAL)
self.result_text.insert(tk.END, f"计算结果已保存到: {file_path}\n")
self.result_text.configure(state=tk.DISABLED)
except Exception as e:
messagebox.showerror("保存错误", f"保存计算结果失败: {str(e)}")
def format_result_label(self, key):
"""格式化结果标签为中文描述"""
labels = {
"focal_length": "焦距 f' (mm)",
"ideal_image_distance": "理想像距 l' (mm)",
"actual_image_position": "实际像位置 (mm)",
"image_principal_plane": "像方主面位置 lH' (mm)",
"exit_pupil_distance": "出瞳距 lp' (mm)",
"ideal_image_height": "理想像高 y0' (mm)",
"spherical_aberration": "球差 (mm)",
"longitudinal_chromatic": "位置色差 (mm)",
"tangential_field_curvature": "子午场曲 xt' (mm)",
"sagittal_field_curvature": "弧矢场曲 xs' (mm)",
"astigmatism": "像散 Δxts' (mm)",
"actual_image_height": "实际像高 (mm)",
"relative_distortion": "相对畸变 (%)",
"absolute_distortion": "绝对畸变 (mm)",
"lateral_chromatic": "倍率色差 (mm)",
"tangential_coma": "子午慧差 (mm)"
}
return labels.get(key, key)
def update_system_from_ui(self):
"""从UI更新系统参数"""
try:
# 入瞳参数
if self.entrance_diameter_entry.get():
self.system.entrance_pupil_diameter = float(self.entrance_diameter_entry.get())
if self.entrance_position_entry.get():
self.system.entrance_pupil_position = float(self.entrance_position_entry.get())
# 色光类型
self.system.light_type = self.light_type_var.get()
# 物方参数
self.system.object_infinite = self.object_var.get()
if self.system.object_infinite:
if self.field_angle_entry.get():
self.system.field_angle = float(self.field_angle_entry.get())
else:
if self.object_distance_entry.get():
self.system.object_distance = float(self.object_distance_entry.get())
if self.object_height_entry.get():
self.system.object_height = float(self.object_height_entry.get())
if self.aperture_angle_entry.get():
self.system.aperture_angle = float(self.aperture_angle_entry.get())
except ValueError:
messagebox.showerror("输入错误", "请输入有效的数字")
return False
return True
def calculate(self):
"""执行光学计算"""
# 更新系统参数
if not self.update_system_from_ui():
return
# 检查必要参数
if not self.system.surfaces:
messagebox.showwarning("警告", "请至少添加一个光学表面")
return
if self.system.entrance_pupil_diameter is None:
messagebox.showwarning("警告", "请输入入瞳直径")
return
if self.system.object_infinite and self.system.field_angle is None:
messagebox.showwarning("警告", "请输入半视场角")
return
if not self.system.object_infinite and (
self.system.object_distance is None or
self.system.object_height is None or
self.system.aperture_angle is None
):
messagebox.showwarning("警告", "请输入完整的有限远参数")
return
# 执行计算 - 这里调用您的计算函数
self.perform_calculations()
# 显示结果
self.display_results()
# 显示计算完成消息
messagebox.showinfo("计算完成", "光学计算已完成，结果已显示在结果区域")
def perform_calculations(self):
"""执行光学计算 - 这里调用您的实际计算函数"""
# 重置结果
for key in self.system.results:
self.system.results[key] = None
# 示例：设置一些假结果用于演示
# 计算焦距
focal_length = calculate.calculate_focal_length(self.system.surfaces)
self.system.results["focal_length"] = focal_length
# 计算主面位置
principal_plane = calculate.calculate_principal_plane_position(self.system.surfaces)
self.system.results["image_principal_plane"] = principal_plane
# 计算理想像距
ideal_image_distance = calculate.calculate_ideal_image_distance(
self.system.surfaces,
self.system.object_infinite,
self.system.object_distance
)
self.system.results["ideal_image_distance"] = ideal_image_distance +principal_plane
# 计算出瞳距
if self.system.entrance_pupil_position is not None:
exit_pupil_distance = calculate.calculate_exit_pupil_distance(
self.system.surfaces,
self.system.entrance_pupil_position
)
self.system.results["exit_pupil_distance"] = exit_pupil_distance
# 计算理想像高
ideal_image_height = calculate.calculate_ideal_image_height(self.system)
self.system.results["ideal_image_height"] = ideal_image_height
#计算实际像位置
actual_image_position = calculate.calculate_actual_image_position(self.system)
self.system.results["actual_image_position"] = actual_image_position
#计算实际像高
self.system.results["actual_image_height"] = calculate.calculate_actual_image_height(
self.system,
actual_image_position
)
#计算球差
self.system.results["spherical_aberration"] = calculate.calculate_spherical_aberration(self.system)
# 实际应用中，您需要调用您自己的计算函数
##self.system.results["focal_length"] = 50.0
##self.system.results["ideal_image_distance"] = 48.5
# self.system.results["actual_image_position"] = 48.7
##self.system.results["image_principal_plane"] = -1.2
##self.system.results["exit_pupil_distance"] = 45.3
##self.system.results["ideal_image_height"] = 10.2
#self.system.results["spherical_aberration"] = 0.05
self.system.results["longitudinal_chromatic"] = 0.02
self.system.results["tangential_field_curvature"] = 0.15
self.system.results["sagittal_field_curvature"] = 0.12
self.system.results["astigmatism"] = 0.03
#self.system.results["actual_image_height"] =0
self.system.results["relative_distortion"] = -0.5
self.system.results["absolute_distortion"] = -0.05
self.system.results["lateral_chromatic"] = 0.01
self.system.results["tangential_coma"] = 0.04
def display_results(self):
"""在结果文本框中显示计算结果"""
self.result_text.configure(state=tk.NORMAL)
self.result_text.delete(1.0, tk.END)
# 添加系统参数摘要
self.result_text.insert(tk.END, "===== 光学系统参数 =====\n", "title")
self.result_text.insert(tk.END, f"入瞳直径: {self.system.entrance_pupil_diameter} mm\n")
self.result_text.insert(tk.END, f"入瞳位置: {self.system.entrance_pupil_position} mm\n")
self.result_text.insert(tk.END, "物距类型: " + ("无穷远" if self.system.object_infinite else "有限远") + "\n")
self.result_text.insert(tk.END, f"色光类型: {self.system.light_type}\n")
if self.system.object_infinite:
self.result_text.insert(tk.END, f"半视场角: {self.system.field_angle} 度\n")
else:
self.result_text.insert(tk.END, f"物距: {self.system.object_distance} mm\n")
self.result_text.insert(tk.END, f"物高: {self.system.object_height} mm\n")
self.result_text.insert(tk.END, f"孔径角: {self.system.aperture_angle} 度\n")
self.result_text.insert(tk.END, "\n光学表面参数:\n")
for i, surf in enumerate(self.system.surfaces):
r_str = "平面" if surf.r == float('inf') else f"{surf.r:.2f} mm"
self.result_text.insert(tk.END,
f"表面 {i+1}: r={r_str}, d={surf.d:.2f} mm, nd={surf.nd:.4f}, vd={surf.vd:.1f}\n")
# 添加计算结果
self.result_text.insert(tk.END, "\n\n===== 计算结果 =====\n", "title")
# 计算关键结果
key_results = [
"focal_length", "ideal_image_distance", "actual_image_position",
"image_principal_plane", "exit_pupil_distance", "ideal_image_height"
]
for key in key_results:
if self.system.results[key] is not None:
label = self.format_result_label(key)
self.result_text.insert(tk.END, f"{label}: {self.system.results[key]}\n")
# 添加像差结果
self.result_text.insert(tk.END, "\n像差分析:\n", "subtitle")
aberrations = [
"spherical_aberration", "longitudinal_chromatic", "tangential_field_curvature",
"sagittal_field_curvature", "astigmatism", "actual_image_height",
"relative_distortion", "absolute_distortion", "lateral_chromatic", "tangential_coma"
]
for key in aberrations:
if self.system.results[key] is not None:
label = self.format_result_label(key)
self.result_text.insert(tk.END, f"{label}: {self.system.results[key]}\n")
self.result_text.configure(state=tk.DISABLED)
def clear_all(self):
"""清除所有输入和结果"""
# 清除系统参数
self.system = OpticalSystem()
# 清除UI输入
self.file_path_entry.delete(0, tk.END)
self.entrance_diameter_entry.delete(0, tk.END)
self.entrance_position_entry.delete(0, tk.END)
self.field_angle_entry.delete(0, tk.END)
self.object_distance_entry.delete(0, tk.END)
self.object_height_entry.delete(0, tk.END)
self.aperture_angle_entry.delete(0, tk.END)
self.radius_entry.delete(0, tk.END)
self.radius_entry.insert(0, "50")
self.thickness_entry.delete(0, tk.END)
self.thickness_entry.insert(0, "5")
self.nd_entry.delete(0, tk.END)
self.nd_entry.insert(0, "1.5")
self.vd_entry.delete(0, tk.END)
self.vd_entry.insert(0, "60")
# 清除表面列表
self.surface_tree.delete(*self.surface_tree.get_children())
self.system.surfaces = []
# 清除结果
self.result_text.configure(state=tk.NORMAL)
self.result_text.delete(1.0, tk.END)
self.result_text.insert(tk.END, "计算结果将显示在此处...\n\n")
self.result_text.configure(state=tk.DISABLED)
# 重置物距类型
self.object_var.set(True)
self.toggle_object_input()
messagebox.showinfo("清除完成", "所有输入和结果已清除")
def load_default_settings(self):
"""加载默认设置（可选）"""
# 这里可以添加加载默认设置的逻辑
pass
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = tk.Tk()
app = MainApplication(root)
# 设置文本样式
app.result_text.tag_config("title", font=("Arial", 10, "bold"))
app.result_text.tag_config("subtitle", font=("Arial", 9, "bold"))
root.mainloop()
在calculate类中添加实际光线追迹函数（轴上点和轴外点，无穷远物和有限远物），实际像位置计算函数，实际像高计算函数
最新发布
本文介绍了光学系统中入口孔径和出口孔径的概念。入口孔径是从物平面沿光轴看到的光阑像，而出口孔径则是从像平面沿光轴看到的光阑像。通过实例解释了在透镜前后不同位置的光阑如何影响光线路径。
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