本文详细介绍如何从零开始在CentOS上部署LAMP环境，包括安装Apache、MySQL、PHP及其相关配置过程。
lamp独立部署
安装httpd
安装开发工具包
[root@localhost ~]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/ //虚拟机里面有centOS，这里就不再安装了
CentOS-Stream-AppStream.repo CentOS-Stream-HighAvailability.repo
CentOS-Stream-BaseOS.repo CentOS-Stream-Media.repo
CentOS-Stream-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Stream-PowerTools.repo
CentOS-Stream-Extras.repo CentOS-Stream-RealTime.repo
[root@localhost ~]# dnf -y install epel-release
[root@localhost ~]# dnf -y groups mark install "Development Tools"
创建apache服务的用户
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin apache
安装依赖包
[root@localhost ~]# dnf -y install openssl-devel pcre-devel expat-devel libtool gcc gcc-c++ make
编译安装httpd
在官网下载apr-1.7.0.tar.bz2 apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2 httpd-2.4.43.tar.bz2这三个包并拖到/usr/src/下并解压到当前目录
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@localhost src]# ls
apr-1.7.0.tar.bz2 apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2 debug httpd-2.4.43.tar.bz2 kernels
[root@localhost src]# tar xf apr-1.7.0.tar.bz2
[root@localhost src]# tar xf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2
[root@localhost src]# tar xf httpd-2.4.43.tar.bz2
[root@localhost src]# ls
apr-1.7.0 apr-util-1.6.1 debug httpd-2.4.43.tar.bz2
apr-1.7.0.tar.bz2 apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2 httpd-2.4.43 kernels
[root@localhost src]# cd apr-1.7.0/
[root@localhost apr-1.7.0]# vim configure
cfgfile="${ofile}T"
trap "$RM \"$cfgfile\"; exit 1" 1 2 15
# $RM "$cfgfile" //将此行加上注释，或者删除此行
//配置
[root@localhost apr-1.7.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
//编译安装
[root@localhost apr-1.7.0]# make && make install
//配置
[root@localhost apr-1.7.0]# cd /usr/src/apr-util-1.6.1/
[root@localhost apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
//编译安装
[root@localhost apr-util-1.6.1]# make && make install
//配置
[root@localhost ~]# cd httpd-2.4.43
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.43]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache \
--sysconfdir=/etc/httpd24 \
--enable-so \
--enable-ssl \
--enable-cgi \
--enable-rewrite \
--with-zlib \
--with-pcre \
--with-apr=/usr/local/apr \
--with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/ \
--enable-modules=most \
--enable-mpms-shared=all \
--with-mpm=prefork
//编译安装
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.43]# make && make install
安装后配置
[root@localhost ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/apache/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
[root@localhost ~]# ln -s /usr/local/apache/include/ /usr/include/httpd
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/man_db.conf //在这个文件里加入下列一行内容
MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/local/apache/man
开启apache
[root@localhost ~]# apachectl start
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld //永久性关闭防火墙
Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 5 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:111 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 5 [::1]:631 [::]:*
安装mysql
安装依赖包
[root@localhost ~]# dnf -y install ncurses-devel openssl-devel openssl cmake mariadb-devel
创建用户
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
解压软件至/usr/local/
下载软件包去mysql官网下下载到本地后拖到虚拟机里
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@localhost local]# ls
apache bin include libexec share
apr etc lib mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 src
apr-util games lib64 sbin
[root@localhost local]# mv mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql //修改一下名字方便后续操作
[root@localhost local]# ls
apache apr-util etc include lib64 mysql share
apr bin games lib libexec sbin src
修改目录/usr/local/mysql的属主属组
[root@localhost local]# ll /usr/local/mysql -d
drwxr-xr-x. 9 root root 129 5月 12 19:18 /usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost local]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost local]# ll /usr/local/mysql -d
drwxr-xr-x. 9 mysql mysql 129 5月 12 19:18 /usr/local/mysql
添加环境变量
[root@localhost ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' >/etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@localhost ~]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include /usr/include/mysql
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf //添加下列一行内容
/usr/local/mysql/lib
[root@localhost ~]# ldconfig
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/man_db.conf //添加下列一行内容
MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/local/mysql/man
建立数据存放目录
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /opt/data
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data
[root@localhost ~]# ll /opt/
总用量 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 6 5月 12 21:46 data
初始化数据库
[root@localhost ~]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/data/
2021-05-12T13:49:08.214347Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2021-05-12T13:49:08.703901Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2021-05-12T13:49:08.782468Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2021-05-12T13:49:08.839617Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: d333fe0e-b328-11eb-8f31-000c29f893b1.
2021-05-12T13:49:08.840917Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2021-05-12T13:49:09.329992Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2021-05-12T13:49:09.468731Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ,WwgSw<M0?zw //这个密码是随机生成的需要记住，所以给它放到一个文件夹里以防遗忘
[root@localhost ~]# echo ',WwgSw<M0?zw' > pass
[root@localhost ~]# cat pass
,WwgSw<M0?zw
生成配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# cat > /etc/my.cnf <<EOF
> [mysqld]
> basedir = /usr/local/mysql
> datadir = /opt/data
> socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
> port = 3306
> pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid
> user = mysql
> skip-name-resolve
> EOF
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /opt/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
port = 3306
pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid
user = mysql
skip-name-resolve
配置服务启动脚本
[root@localhost ~]# ls /usr/local/mysql/
bin docs include lib LICENSE man README share support-files
[root@localhost ~]# ls /usr/local/mysql/support-files/
magic mysqld_multi.server mysql-log-rotate mysql.server
[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld
//补齐这两行=后面的路径
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/opt/data
启动mysql
[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/opt/data/localhost.localdomain.err'.
SUCCESS!
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 32 192.168.122.1:53 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 5 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:111 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 5 [::1]:631 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3306 *:*
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p
mysql: error while loading shared libraries: libncurses.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
[root@localhost ~]# dnf whatprovides libncurses.so.5
上次元数据过期检查：3:05:13 前，执行于 2021年05月12日 星期三 18时57分20秒。
ncurses-compat-libs-6.1-7.20180224.el8.i686 : Ncurses compatibility libraries
仓库 ：baseos
匹配来源：
提供 : libncurses.so.5
[root@localhost ~]# dnf -y install ncurses-compat-libs
上次元数据过期检查：3:05:31 前，执行于 2021年05月12日 星期三 18时57分20秒。
依赖关系解决。
================================================================================
软件包 架构 版本 仓库 大小
================================================================================
安装:
ncurses-compat-libs x86_64 6.1-7.20180224.el8 baseos 331 k
事务概要
================================================================================
安装 1 软件包
总下载：332 k
安装大小：1.2 M
下载软件包：
ncurses-compat-libs-6.1-7.20180224.el8.x86_64.r 413 kB/s | 331 kB 00:00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
总计 228 kB/s | 331 kB 00:01
运行事务检查
事务检查成功。
运行事务测试
事务测试成功。
运行事务
准备中 : 1/1
安装 : ncurses-compat-libs-6.1-7.20180224.el8.x86_64 1/1
运行脚本: ncurses-compat-libs-6.1-7.20180224.el8.x86_64 1/1
验证 : ncurses-compat-libs-6.1-7.20180224.el8.x86_64 1/1
Installed products updated.
已安装:
ncurses-compat-libs-6.1-7.20180224.el8.x86_64
完毕！
mysql> set password = password('ZHANGde12+Jun')； //修改密码
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
设置开启自启
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --list
注：该输出结果只显示 SysV 服务，并不包含
原生 systemd 服务。SysV 配置数据
可能被原生 systemd 配置覆盖。
要列出 systemd 服务，请执行 'systemctl list-unit-files'。
查看在具体 target 启用的服务请执行
'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'。
mysqld 0:关 1:关 2:开 3:开 4:开 5:开 6:关
安装php
安装依赖包
[root@localhost ~]# dnf -y install libxml2 libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libcurl libcurl-devel libicu-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel openldap-devel pcre-devel freetype freetype-devel gmp gmp-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel readline readline-devel libxslt libxslt-devel mhash mhash-devel
安装php
[root@localhost ~]# dnf -y install php*
[root@localhost ~]# php -v
PHP 7.2.24 (cli) (built: Oct 22 2019 08:28:36) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.2.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies
with Zend OPcache v7.2.24, Copyright (c) 1999-2018, by Zend Technologies
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start php-fpm //启动php-fpm
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status php-fpm //查看php-fpm的状态
● php-fpm.service - The PHP FastCGI Process Manager
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service; disabled; vendor pr>
Active: active (running) since Wed 2021-05-12 22:21:25 CST; 28s ago
Main PID: 563650 (php-fpm)
Status: "Processes active: 0, idle: 5, Requests: 0, slow: 0, Traffic: 0req/s>
Tasks: 6 (limit: 11070)
Memory: 37.4M
CGroup: /system.slice/php-fpm.service
├─563650 php-fpm: master process (/etc/php-fpm.conf)
├─563651 php-fpm: pool www
├─563652 php-fpm: pool www
├─563653 php-fpm: pool www
├─563654 php-fpm: pool www
└─563656 php-fpm: pool www
5月 12 22:21:25 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting The PHP FastCGI Proc>
5月 12 22:21:25 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started The PHP FastCGI Proce>
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable php-fpm //设置开机自启
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/php-fpm.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service.
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl //没有9000端口
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 32 192.168.122.1:53 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 5 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:111 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 5 [::1]:631 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3306 *:*
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
;listen = /run/php-fpm/www.sock //在行首加；
listen = 0.0.0.0:9000 //添加这一行
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart php-fpm //重启php-fpm
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl //有9000端口
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 32 192.168.122.1:53 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 5 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:9000 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:111 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 5 [::1]:631 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3306 *:*
配置apache
启用代理模块
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf
//取消下列两行的注释
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so
配置虚拟主机
//创建虚拟主机目录并生成php测试页面
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /usr/local/apache/htdocs/yh
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/apache/htdocs
[root@localhost htdocs]# ls
index.html yh
[root@localhost htdocs]# cd yh/
[root@localhost yh]# vim index.php
[root@localhost yh]# cat index.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
[root@localhost yh]# chown -R apache.apache /usr/local/apache/htdocs/
[root@localhost yh]# ll /usr/local/apache
总用量 36
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 262 5月 12 19:06 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 167 5月 12 19:06 build
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 78 5月 12 19:06 cgi-bin
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 5月 12 19:06 error
drwxr-sr-x. 3 apache apache 34 5月 12 22:42 htdocs
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 8192 5月 12 19:06 icons
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 5月 12 19:06 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 58 5月 12 19:07 logs
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 30 5月 12 19:06 man
drwxr-sr-x. 14 root root 8192 3月 26 2020 manual
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 5月 12 19:06 modules
[root@localhost httpd24]# vim httpd.conf
# Various default settings
#Include /etc/httpd24/extra/httpd-default.conf
Include /etc/httpd24/extra/vhosts.conf //添加这一行
[root@localhost extra]# vim vhosts.conf
//在配置文件中加入以下内容
<VirtualHost *:80>
DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs/yh"
ServerName localhost:80
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/usr/local/apache/htdocs/yh/$1
<Directory "/usr/local/apache/htdocs/yh">
Options none
AllowOverride none
Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
[root@localhost httpd24]# vim httpd.conf
# If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you
# probably should define those extensions to indicate media types:
#
AddType application/x-compress .Z
AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php //添加此行
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps //添加此行
//在index.html前加上index.php
<IfModule dir_module>index.php
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html
</IfModule>
开启apache
[root@localhost ~]# apachectl start
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
httpd (pid 326884) already running
测试效果
扫一扫
698
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
