Spring--最基础的示例

Spring温习(1)--最基础的示例
文章分类:Java编程

从现在开始，我将从Spring为起点，逐步复习几大框架各方面的知识，以便今后查看使用

第一各Spring示例

必须包:spring-framework-2.5.6\dist\spring.jar

spring-framework-2.5.6\lib\jakarta-commons\common-logging.jar

为了方便测试还需要：spring-framework-2.5.6\lib\junit\junit4.4.jar

第一步，先在spring资源包找到：spring-framework-2.5.6\samples\jpetstore\attributes\WEB-INF\applictionContext.xml

找到后将多余的删除，留下最基本的
Java代码

1. <span style="font-size: medium;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
3. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
4. xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
5. xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
6. xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
7. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
8. http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
9.
10. </beans></span>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

</beans>

UserDAO.java
Java代码

1. <span style="font-size: medium;">package com.test.domain;
2.
3. public interface UserDAO {
4. void say();
5. }</span><span>
6. </span>

package com.test.domain;

public interface UserDAO {
void say();
}

UserDAOImpl.java
Java代码

1. <span style="font-size: medium;">package com.test.domain;
2.
3. public class UserDAOImpl implements UserDAO {
4.
5. @Override
6. public void say() {
7. System.out.println("i can speak");
8. }
9.
10. }</span><span>
11. </span>

package com.test.domain;

public class UserDAOImpl implements UserDAO {

@Override
public void say() {
System.out.println("i can speak");
}

}

applictionContext.xml
Xml代码

1. <span style="font-size: medium;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2. <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN 2.0//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans-2.0.dtd">
3.
4. <beans>
5. <bean id="userDAO" class="com.test.domain.UserDAOImpl"/>
6. </beans></span><span>
7. </span>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN 2.0//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans-2.0.dtd">

<beans>
<bean id="userDAO" class="com.test.domain.UserDAOImpl"/>
</beans>

测试类


Java代码

1. <span style="font-size: medium;">package com.test.domain;
2.
3. import org.junit.Test;
4. import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
5. import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
6. import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
7. import org.springframework.web.context.support.WebApplicationContextUtils;
8.
9. public class MyTest {
10.
11. @Test
12. public void testUser(){
13. ApplicationContext context=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
14. UserDAO dao=(UserDAO)context.getBean("userDAO");
15. dao.say();
16. }
17.
18. }</span><span>
19. </span>

package com.test.domain;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.context.support.WebApplicationContextUtils;

public class MyTest {

@Test
public void testUser(){
ApplicationContext context=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
UserDAO dao=(UserDAO)context.getBean("userDAO");
dao.say();
}

}

测试结果：i can speak



Spring加载XML配置文件的方式

spring 中加载xml配置文件的方式,好像有3种, xml是最常见的spring 应用系统配置源。Spring中的几种容器都支持使用xml装配bean，包括：
XmlBeanFactory ，
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext ，
FileSystemXmlApplicationContext ，
XmlWebApplicationContext

一、XmlBeanFactory 引用资源
Resource resource = new ClassPathResource("appcontext.xml");
BeanFactory factory = new XmlBeanFactory(resource);
二、ClassPathXmlApplicationContext 编译路径
1)ApplicationContext factory=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:appcontext.xml");
2)ApplicationContext factory=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("appcontext.xml"); // src目录下的
3)ApplicationContext factory=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("conf/appcontext.xml"); // src/conf 目录下的
4)ApplicationContext factory=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("file:G:/Test/src/appcontext.xml");

5)String[] locations = {"bean1.xml", "bean2.xml", "bean3.xml"};
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplication(locations);

三 、 用文件系统的路径
1) ApplicationContext factory=new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("src/appcontext.xml");
//使用了 classpath: 前缀,作为标志, 这样,FileSystemXmlApplicationContext 也能够读入classpath下的相对路径
2)ApplicationContext factory=new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("classpath:appcontext.xml");
3)ApplicationContext factory=new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("file:G:/Test/src/appcontext.xml");
4)ApplicationContext factory=new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("G:/Test/src/appcontext.xml");

5)String[] locations = {"bean1.xml", "bean2.xml", "bean3.xml"};
ApplicationContext ctx = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext(locations );

四、XmlWebApplicationContext 是专为Web工程定制的。
ServletContext servletContext = request.getSession().getServletContext();
ApplicationContext ctx = WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(servletContext );

注：其中FileSystemXmlApplicationContext和ClassPathXmlApplicationContext与BeanFactory的xml文件定位方式一样是基于路径的



Spring的实例化Bean有三种方式：

使用类构造器直接实例化

使用静态工厂的方法实例化

使用实例工厂方法实例化

具体对应配置如
Xml代码

1. <span style="font-size: medium;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2. <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN 2.0//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans-2.0.dtd">
3.
4. <beans>
5. <!--Spring的实例化Bean有三种方式：-->
6. <!-- 使用类构造器直接实例化 -->
7. <bean id="userDAO" class="com.test.domain.UserDAOImpl"/>
8. <!-- 使用静态工厂的方法实例化 -->
9. <bean id="userDAO1" class="com.test.domain.BeanFactory" factory-method="UserDAOService" />
10. <!-- 使用实例工厂方法实例化 -->
11. <bean id="factory" class="com.test.domain.BeanFactory" />
12. <bean id="userDAO2" factory-bean="factory" factory-method="getUserDAOService" />
13. </beans>
14. </span>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN 2.0//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans-2.0.dtd">

<beans>
<!--Spring的实例化Bean有三种方式：-->
<!-- 使用类构造器直接实例化 -->
<bean id="userDAO" class="com.test.domain.UserDAOImpl"/>
<!-- 使用静态工厂的方法实例化 -->
<bean id="userDAO1" class="com.test.domain.BeanFactory" factory-method="UserDAOService" />
<!-- 使用实例工厂方法实例化 -->
<bean id="factory" class="com.test.domain.BeanFactory" />
<bean id="userDAO2" factory-bean="factory" factory-method="getUserDAOService" />
</beans>



BeanFactory.java
Java代码

1. <span style="font-size: medium;">package com.test.domain;
2.
3. public class BeanFactory {
4.
5. //使用静态工厂的方法实例化使用
6. public static UserDAO UserDAOService()
7. {
8. return new UserDAOImpl();
9. }
10.
11. public UserDAO getUserDAOService()
12. {
13. return new UserDAOImpl();
14. }
15.
16. }</span><span style="font-size: medium;">
17. </span>

package com.test.domain;

public class BeanFactory {

//使用静态工厂的方法实例化使用
public static UserDAO UserDAOService()
{
return new UserDAOImpl();
}

public UserDAO getUserDAOService()
{
return new UserDAOImpl();
}

}

测试类
Java代码

1. <span style="font-size: medium;">package com.test.domain;
2.
3. import org.junit.Test;
4. import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
5. import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
6. import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
7. import org.springframework.web.context.support.WebApplicationContextUtils;
8.
9. public class MyTest {
10.
11. @Test
12. public void testUser(){
13. ApplicationContext context=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
14. UserDAO dao=(UserDAO)context.getBean("userDAO");
15. dao.say();
16. UserDAO dao2=(UserDAO)context.getBean("userDAO2");
17. dao2.say();
18. UserDAO dao3=(UserDAO)context.getBean("userDAO3");
19. dao3.say();
20. }
21.
22. }
23. </span>

package com.test.domain;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.context.support.WebApplicationContextUtils;

public class MyTest {

@Test
public void testUser(){
ApplicationContext context=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
UserDAO dao=(UserDAO)context.getBean("userDAO");
dao.say();
UserDAO dao2=(UserDAO)context.getBean("userDAO2");
dao2.say();
UserDAO dao3=(UserDAO)context.getBean("userDAO3");
dao3.say();
}

}



测试结果

i can speak

i can speak

i can speak


转自：http://javacrazyer.iteye.com/blog/794916