hibernate（2）:开始Hibernate之旅

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本文详细介绍了如何使用Struts2和Hibernate框架，将Person对象存入MySQL数据库。包括配置hibernate.cfg.xml文件，实现数据库连接，通过HibernateUtil类获取session进行对象存取操作，以及实现基本的CRUD操作。还展示了如何通过DBPerson类进行对象的保存、查找、删除和更新。最后，通过实例展示了在数据库中生成的记录。

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本例将使用struts2和hiberante开发，首选将struts2相关的jar包复制到web 工程的WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib目录下。

所需的JAR包如下图，

然后将连接mysql数据库所需的驱动JAR包也同样复制到lib目录中

右击工程名 MyEclipse->Add Hibernate Capablities

弹出如下窗口，按如下勾选配置好，点击下一步

接下去的两步可以不配置，去年勾选，即不配置数据库连接与创建session工厂。

点击完成后，会在lib包上出现很多hibernate相关的JAR包

例子：下面尝试用hibernate将Person对象存入数据库中

hibernate.cfg.xml配置文件，用于配置数据库的相关连接信息

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
          "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
          "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<!-- Generated by MyEclipse Hibernate Tools.                   -->
<hibernate-configuration>

    <session-factory>
    	<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hibernate</property><!--hibernte为数据库名-->
    	<property name="connection.username">root</property>
    	<property name="connection.password">123456</property>
    	<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
    	<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
    	<mapping resource="Person.hbm.xml"></mapping>
    </session-factory>

</hibernate-configuration>

HibernateUtil .java 用来获取session及关闭session

package com.hibernate.util;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

public class HibernateUtil {
	private static SessionFactory sessionFactory;
	static{
		try{
			sessionFactory = new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
		}catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	public static Session currentSession(){
		Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
		return session;
	}
	
	public static void closeSession(Session session){
		session.close();
	}
}

Person.java

package com.hibernate.model;

import java.sql.Date;

public class Person {
	private Integer id;
	private String username;
	private String password;
	private Integer age;
	private Date registerdate;
	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getUsername() {
		return username;
	}
	public void setUsername(String username) {
		this.username = username;
	}
	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}
	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}
	public Integer getAge() {
		return age;
	}
	public void setAge(Integer age) {
		this.age = age;
	}
	public Date getRegisterdate() {
		return registerdate;
	}
	public void setRegisterdate(Date sterregisterdatedate) {
		this.registerdate = sterregisterdatedate;
	}
}

Person对象对应的配置文件，同样放在src目录下。

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC    
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"  
    "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
	<class name="com.hibernate.model.Person" table="person">
		<id name="id" column="id" type="int">
			<generator class="increment"></generator><!-- 主键ID的生成方式 -->
		</id>
		<property name="username" column="username" type="java.lang.String"></property>
		<property name="password" column="password" type="java.lang.String"></property>
		<property name="age" column="age" type="int"></property>
		<property name="registerdate" column="registerdate" type="date"></property>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

Test.java 测试类

package com.hibernate.util;

import java.sql.Date;
import java.util.List;

import com.hibernate.model.Person;
import com.hibernate.persistence.DBPerson;

public class Test {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		//实例化一个person
		Person person = new Person();
		person.setId(11);
		person.setAge(22);
		person.setPassword("1111");
		person.setUsername("hp");
		person.setRegisterdate(new Date(new java.util.Date().getTime()));
		DBPerson.save(person);  //保存
		
		//查找
		List list = DBPerson.getAll();
		for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
			person = (Person) list.get(i);
			System.err.println(person.getId() + " " + person.getUsername()
					+ " " + person.getPassword() + " " + person.getAge() + " "
					+ person.getRegisterdate());
		}
	}
}

DBPerson.java 用于保存或查找person

package com.hibernate.persistence;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import com.hibernate.model.Person;
import com.hibernate.util.HibernateUtil;

public class DBPerson {
	//保存person
	public static void save(Person person) {
		Session session = HibernateUtil.currentSession();
		Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
		try {
			session.save(person);
			tx.commit();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			System.out.println("新增用户失败");
			if (null != tx) {
				tx.rollback();
			}
		} finally {
			HibernateUtil.closeSession(session);
		}
	}
	//查找并返回所有person
	public static List getAll(){
		Session session = HibernateUtil.currentSession();
		Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
		List list = null;
		try {
			Query query = session.createQuery(" from Person");//hql语句
			list = query.list();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			System.out.println("查询用户失败");
			if (null != tx) {
				tx.rollback();
			}
		} finally {
			HibernateUtil.closeSession(session);
		}
		return list;
	}
	
	public static Person getPersonById(Integer id){
		Session session = HibernateUtil.currentSession();
		Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
		Person person = null;
		try {
			person = (Person) session.get(Person.class, id);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			System.out.println("查询用户失败");
			if (null != tx) {
				tx.rollback();
			}
		} finally {
			HibernateUtil.closeSession(session);
		}
		return person;
	}
	
	//删除
	public static void deletePerson(Person person){
		Session session = HibernateUtil.currentSession();
		Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
		try {
			session.delete(person);
			tx.commit();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			System.out.println("删除用户失败");
			if (null != tx) {
				tx.rollback();
			}
		} finally {
			HibernateUtil.closeSession(session);
		}
	}
	
	//更新
	public static void updatePerson(Person person){
		Session session = HibernateUtil.currentSession();
		Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
		try {
			session.update(person);
			tx.commit();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			System.out.println("更新用户失败");
			e.printStackTrace();
			if (null != tx) {
				tx.rollback();
			}
		} finally {
			HibernateUtil.closeSession(session);
		}
	}
}

最后在数据库中生成的纪录

例2：演示多种数据类型之间匹配。

Customers(客户)，有如下属性

create table customers(
    id bigint not null primary key,
    name varchar(15) not null,
    email varchar(128) not null,
    password varchar(128) not null,
    phone int,
    address varchar(255),
    sex char(1),
    is_married bit,
    description text,
    image blob,
    birthday date,
    registered_time timestamp
);

Customer.java

package com.hibernate.model;

import java.sql.Date;
import java.sql.Timestamp;

public class Customer {
	private Long id;
	private String name;
	private String email;
	private String password;
	private int phone;
	private String address;
	private char sex;
	private boolean married;
	private String description;
	private byte[] image; //blob类型一般用数组来表示
	private Date birthday;
	private Timestamp registeredTime;

	public Long getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Long id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public String getEmail() {
		return email;
	}

	public void setEmail(String email) {
		this.email = email;
	}

	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}

	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}

	public int getPhone() {
		return phone;
	}

	public void setPhone(int phone) {
		this.phone = phone;
	}

	public String getAddress() {
		return address;
	}

	public void setAddress(String address) {
		this.address = address;
	}

	public char getSex() {
		return sex;
	}

	public void setSex(char sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}

	public boolean isMarried() {
		return married;
	}

	public void setMarried(boolean married) {
		this.married = married;
	}

	public String getDescription() {
		return description;
	}

	public void setDescription(String description) {
		this.description = description;
	}

	public byte[] getImage() {
		return image;
	}

	public void setImage(byte[] image) {
		this.image = image;
	}

	public Date getBirthday() {
		return birthday;
	}

	public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
		this.birthday = birthday;
	}

	public Timestamp getRegisteredTime() {
		return registeredTime;
	}

	public void setRegisteredTime(Timestamp registeredTime) {
		this.registeredTime = registeredTime;
	}
}

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC    
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"  
    "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
	<class name="com.hibernate.model.Customer" table="customers">
		<id name="id" column="id" type="long">
			<generator class="increment"></generator>
		</id>
		<property name="name" column="name" type="string" not-null="true"></property>
		<property name="email" column="email" type="string" not-null="true"></property>
		<property name="password" column="password" type="string" not-null="true"></property>
		<property name="phone" column="phone" type="int"></property>
		<property name="address" column="address" type="string"></property>
		<property name="sex" column="sex" type="character"></property>
		<property name="married" column="is_married" type="boolean"></property>
		<property name="description" column="description" type="text"></property>
		<property name="image" column="image" type="binary"></property>
		<property name="birthday" column="birthday" type="date"></property>
		<property name="registeredTime" column="registered_time" type="timestamp"></property>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>