SQL数据导入导出技巧-优快云博客

SQL数据导入导出 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 发表日期：2006年1月4日【编辑录入：ecawen】 
******* 导出到excel EXEC master..xp_cmdshell 'bcp SettleDB.dbo.shanghu out c:/temp1.xls -c -q -S"GNETDATA/GNETDATA" -U"sa" -P""'
/*********** 导入Excel SELECT * FROM OpenDataSource( 'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0', 'Data Source="c:/test.xls";User ID=Admin;Password=;Extended properties=Excel 5.0')...xactions
/*动态文件名 declare @fn varchar(20),@s varchar(1000) set @fn = 'c:/test.xls' set @s ='''Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0'', ''Data Source="<a href="mailto:%27+@fn+%27%22;User">'+@fn+'";User</a> ID=Admin;Password=;Extended properties=Excel 5.0''' set @s = 'SELECT * FROM OpenDataSource (<a href="mailto:%27+@s+%27%29...sheet1%24%27">'+@s+')...sheet1$'</a> exec(@s) */
SELECT cast(cast(科目编号 as numeric(10,2)) as nvarchar(255))+'　' 转换后的别名 FROM OpenDataSource( 'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0', 'Data Source="c:/test.xls";User ID=Admin;Password=;Extended properties=Excel 5.0')...xactions
/********************** EXCEL导到远程SQL insert OPENDATASOURCE( 'SQLOLEDB', 'Data Source=远程ip;User ID=sa;Password=密码' ).库名.dbo.表名 (列名1,列名2) SELECT 列名1,列名2 FROM OpenDataSource( 'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0', 'Data Source="c:/test.xls";User ID=Admin;Password=;Extended properties=Excel 5.0')...xactions
 /** 导入文本文件 EXEC master..xp_cmdshell 'bcp dbname..tablename in c:/DT.txt -c -Sservername -Usa -Ppassword'
/** 导出文本文件 EXEC master..xp_cmdshell 'bcp dbname..tablename out c:/DT.txt -c -Sservername -Usa -Ppassword' 或 EXEC master..xp_cmdshell 'bcp "Select * from dbname..tablename" queryout c:/DT.txt -c -Sservername -Usa -Ppassword'
导出到TXT文本，用逗号分开 exec master..xp_cmdshell 'bcp "库名..表名" out "d:/tt.txt" -c -t ,-U sa -P password'
 BULK INSERT 库名..表名 FROM 'c:/test.txt' WITH ( FIELDTERMINATOR = ';', ROWTERMINATOR = '/n' )
 --/* dBase IV文件 select * from OPENROWSET('MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0' ,'dBase IV;HDR=NO;IMEX=2;DATABASE=C:/','select * from [客户资料4.dbf]') --*/
--/* dBase III文件 select * from OPENROWSET('MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0' ,'dBase III;HDR=NO;IMEX=2;DATABASE=C:/','select * from [客户资料3.dbf]') --*/
--/* FoxPro 数据库 select * from openrowset('MSDASQL', 'Driver=Microsoft Visual FoxPro Driver;SourceType=DBF;SourceDB=c:/', 'select * from [aa.DBF]') --*/
/**************导入DBF文件****************/ select * from openrowset('MSDASQL', 'Driver=Microsoft Visual FoxPro Driver; SourceDB=e:/VFP98/data; SourceType=DBF', 'select * from customer where country != "USA" order by country') go /***************** 导出到DBF ***************/ 如果要导出数据到已经生成结构(即现存的)FOXPRO表中,可以直接用下面的SQL语句
insert into openrowset('MSDASQL', 'Driver=Microsoft Visual FoxPro Driver;SourceType=DBF;SourceDB=c:/', 'select * from [aa.DBF]') select * from 表
说明: SourceDB=c:/ 指定foxpro表所在的文件夹 aa.DBF 指定foxpro表的文件名.

 /*************导出到Access********************/ insert into openrowset('Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0', 'x:/A.mdb';'admin';'',A表) select * from 数据库名..B表
/*************导入Access********************/ insert into B表 selet * from openrowset('Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0', 'x:/A.mdb';'admin';'',A表)
文件名为参数 declare @fname varchar(20) set @fname = 'd:/test.mdb' exec('SELECT a.* FROM opendatasource(''Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0'', <a href="mailto:%27%27%27+@fname+%27%27%27;%27%27admin%27%27;%27%27%27%27">'''+@fname+''';''admin'';''''</a>, topics) as a ')
SELECT * FROM OpenDataSource( 'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0', 'Data Source="f:/northwind.mdb";Jet OLEDBatabase Password=123;User ID=Admin;Password=;')...产品
********************* 导入 xml　文件
DECLARE @idoc int DECLARE @doc varchar(1000) --sample XML document SET @doc =' <root> <Customer cid= "C1" name="Janine" city="Issaquah"> <Order oid="O1" date="1/20/1996" amount="3.5" /> <Order oid="O2" date="4/30/1997" amount="13.4">Customer was very satisfied </Order> </Customer> <Customer cid="C2" name="Ursula" city="Oelde" > <Order oid="O3" date="7/14/1999" amount="100" note="Wrap it blue white red"> <Urgency>Important</Urgency> Happy Customer. </Order> <Order oid="O4" date="1/20/1996" amount="10000"/> </Customer> </root> ' -- Create an internal representation of the XML document. EXEC sp_xml_preparedocument @idoc OUTPUT, @doc
-- Execute a SELECT statement using OPENXML rowset provider. SELECT * FROM OPENXML (@idoc, '/root/Customer/Order', 1) WITH (oid char(5), amount float, comment ntext 'text()') EXEC sp_xml_removedocument @idoc

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/**********************Excel导到Txt****************************************/ 想用 select * into opendatasource(...) from opendatasource(...) 实现将一个Excel文件内容导入到一个文本文件
假设Excel中有两列，第一列为姓名，第二列为很行帐号(16位) 且银行帐号导出到文本文件后分两部分，前8位和后8位分开。
 邹健： 如果要用你上面的语句插入的话,文本文件必须存在,而且有一行:姓名,银行账号1,银行账号2 然后就可以用下面的语句进行插入 注意文件名和目录根据你的实际情况进行修改.
insert into opendatasource('MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0' ,'Text;HDR=Yes;DATABASE=C:/' )...[aa#txt] --,aa#txt) --*/ select 姓名,银行账号1=left(银行账号,8),银行账号2=right(银行账号,8) from opendatasource('MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0' ,'Excel 5.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=2;DATABASE=c:/a.xls' --,Sheet1$) )...[Sheet1$]

如果你想直接插入并生成文本文件,就要用bcp
declare @sql varchar(8000),@tbname varchar(50)
--首先将excel表内容导入到一个全局临时表 select @tbname='[##temp'+cast(newid() as varchar(40))+']' ,@sql='select 姓名,银行账号1=left(银行账号,8),银行账号2=right(银行账号,8) into <a href="mailto:%27+@tbname+%27">'+@tbname+'</a> from opendatasource(''MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0'' ,''Excel 5.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=2;DATABASE=c:/a.xls'' )...[Sheet1$]' exec(@sql)
--然后用bcp从全局临时表导出到文本文件 set @sql='bcp "<a href="mailto:%27+@tbname+%27">'+@tbname+'</a>" out "c:/aa.txt" /S"(local)" /P"" /c' exec master..xp_cmdshell @sql
--删除临时表 exec('drop table <a href="mailto:%27+@tbname">'+@tbname</a>)
 /********************导整个数据库*********************************************/
用bcp实现的存储过程
 /* 实现数据导入/导出的存储过程 根据不同的参数,可以实现导入/导出整个数据库/单个表 调用示例: --导出调用示例 ----导出单个表 exec file2table 'zj','','','xzkh_sa..地区资料','c:/zj.txt',1 ----导出整个数据库 exec file2table 'zj','','','xzkh_sa','C:/docman',1
--导入调用示例 ----导入单个表 exec file2table 'zj','','','xzkh_sa..地区资料','c:/zj.txt',0 ----导入整个数据库 exec file2table 'zj','','','xzkh_sa','C:/docman',0
*/ if exists(select 1 from sysobjects where name='File2Table' and objectproperty(id,'IsProcedure')=1) drop procedure File2Table go create procedure File2Table @servername varchar(200) --服务器名 ,@username varchar(200) --用户名,如果用NT验证方式,则为空'' ,@password varchar(200) --密码 ,@tbname varchar(500) --数据库.dbo.表名,如果不指定:.dbo.表名,则导出数据库的所有用户表 ,@filename varchar(1000) --导入/导出路径/文件名,如果@tbname参数指明是导出整个数据库,则这个参数是文件存放路径,文件名自动用表名.txt ,@isout bit --1为导出,0为导入 as declare @sql varchar(8000)
if @tbname like '%.%.%' --如果指定了表名,则直接导出单个表 begin set @sql='bcp <a href="mailto:%27+@tbname">'+@tbname</a> +case when @isout=1 then ' out ' else ' in ' end +' "<a href="mailto:%27+@filename+%27">'+@filename+'</a>" /w' +' /S <a href="mailto:%27+@servername">'+@servername</a> +case when isnull(@username,'')='' then '' else ' /U <a href="mailto:%27+@username">'+@username</a> end +' /P '+isnull(@password,'') exec master..xp_cmdshell @sql end else begin --导出整个数据库,定义游标,取出所有的用户表 declare @m_tbname varchar(250) if right(@filename,1)<>'/' set @filename=@filename+'/'
set @m_tbname='declare #tb cursor for select name from <a href="mailto:%27+@tbname+%27..sysobjects">'+@tbname+'..sysobjects</a> where xtype=''U''' exec(@m_tbname) open #tb fetch next from #tb into @m_tbname while @@fetch_status=0 begin set @sql='bcp <a href="mailto:%27+@tbname+%27..%27+@m_tbname">'+@tbname+'..'+@m_tbname</a> +case when @isout=1 then ' out ' else ' in ' end +' "<a href="mailto:%27+@filename+@m_tbname+%27.txt">'+@filename+@m_tbname+'.txt</a> " /w' +' /S <a href="mailto:%27+@servername">'+@servername</a> +case when isnull(@username,'')='' then '' else ' /U <a href="mailto:%27+@username">'+@username</a> end +' /P '+isnull(@password,'') exec master..xp_cmdshell @sql fetch next from #tb into @m_tbname end close #tb deallocate #tb end go
 /************* Oracle **************/ EXEC sp_addlinkedserver 'OracleSvr', 'Oracle 7.3', 'MSDAORA', 'ORCLDB' GO
delete from openquery(mailser,'select * from yulin')
select * from openquery(mailser,'select * from yulin')
update openquery(mailser,'select * from yulin where id=15')set disorder=555,catago=888
insert into openquery(mailser,'select disorder,catago from yulin')values(333,777)

补充：
对于用bcp导出,是没有字段名的.
用openrowset导出,需要事先建好表.
用openrowset导入,除ACCESS及EXCEL外,均不支持非本机数据导入