STL 之swap, iter_swap, swap_ranges

最新推荐文章于 2024-01-24 10:30:00 发布

最新推荐文章于 2024-01-24 10:30:00 发布 · 250 阅读

本文详细介绍了C++标准库中的三种交换元素算法：swap、iter_swap 和 swap_ranges 的使用方法及示例。通过具体实例展示了如何在不同场景下运用这些算法来实现数据交换。

作用：交换元素

声明：

#include <algorithm>
template<class Type>
void swap(Type& objcet1, Type& objec2);

template<class forwardItr1,class forwardItr2>
void iter_swap(forwardItr1 first,forwardItr2 scecod);

template<class forwardItr1, class forwardItr2>
forwardItr2 swap_ranges(forwardItr1 first,forwardItr1 last, forwardItr2 first2);

示例代码：

#include <iostream>
#include <list>

#include <string>
#include <numeric>
#include <iterator>
#include <vector>
#include <functional>

#include <algorithm>

using namespace std;

int main() {
	char cList[10] = {'A','B','C','D','F','G','H','I','J','K'};
	vector<char> charList(cList,cList+10);

	vector<char>::iterator charItr;
	ostream_iterator<char> screen(cout," ");
	cout << "charList:" << endl;
	copy(charList.begin(),charList.end(),screen);
	cout << endl;

	// 容器内部元素交互
	swap(charList[0],charList[1]);
	cout << "charList.swap" << endl;
	copy(charList.begin(),charList.end(),screen);
	cout << endl;

	// 用迭代器进行交互
	iter_swap(charList.begin() + 2,charList.begin() + 3);
	cout << "charList.iter_swap" << endl;
	copy(charList.begin(),charList.end(),screen);
	cout << endl;

	charItr = charList.begin() + 4;
	iter_swap(charItr,charItr + 1);
	cout << "charList.iter_swap" << endl;
	copy(charList.begin(),charList.end(),screen);
	cout << endl;

	int list[10] = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10};
	vector<int> intList(list,list + 10);
	ostream_iterator<int> screenInt(cout, " ");
	cout << "intList:" << endl;
	copy(intList.begin(),intList.end(),screenInt);
	cout << endl;

	swap_ranges(intList.begin(),intList.begin()+4,intList.begin()+5);
	cout << "intList.swap_ranges:" << endl;
	copy(intList.begin(),intList.end(),screenInt);
	cout << endl;

	// 不同容器之间元素交互
	swap_ranges(list,list+10,intList.begin());
	cout << "list:" << endl;
	copy(list,list+10,screenInt);
	cout << endl; 
	cout << "intList: " << endl;
	copy(intList.begin(),intList.end(),screenInt);
	cout << endl;

	return 0;
}

运行结果：

charList:
A B C D F G H I J K
charList.swap
B A C D F G H I J K
charList.iter_swap
B A D C F G H I J K
charList.iter_swap
B A D C G F H I J K
intList:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
intList.swap_ranges:
6 7 8 9 5 1 2 3 4 10
list:
6 7 8 9 5 1 2 3 4 10
intList:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10