DataSet导出到Excel比较完整的解决方案(一)--客户端生成文件(downmoon)-优快云博客

本文探讨了SQLServer数据库与Excel文件之间的导出及导入流程，包括直接导出为HTML格式的Excel、生成XML格式的Excel文件以及使用CSV格式进行数据交换的方法。

有一客户需求：

1、要从SQL Server数据库导出并生成Excel ;

2、用户下载对应的Excel并填写上传再导入到SQL server。

费了将近六个小时，故一定要把过程写下来，希望看到此文的朋友少走些不必要的弯路。

首先，想到的是直接导出到客户端，代码如下：

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publicstaticvoidDataSetToExcel(DataSetoDS,HttpResponseResponse,stringfileName)
{
if(oDS==null||oDS.Tables[0]==null||oDS.Tables[0].Rows.Count==0){return;}
Response.Clear();
//EncodingpageEncode=Encoding.GetEncoding(PageEncode);
HttpContext.Current.Response.Charset="gb2312";
//Response.ContentType="application/vnd-excel";//"application/vnd.ms-excel";
//Response.ContentType="application/x-octet-stream";//"application/vnd.ms-excel";
Response.ContentType="text/csv";//"application/vnd.ms-excel";
Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename="+fileName+".cvs");
System.IO.StringWriteroSW=newSystem.IO.StringWriter();
HtmlTextWriteroHW=newHtmlTextWriter(oSW);
DataGriddg=newDataGrid();
dg.DataSource=oDS.Tables[0];
dg.DataBind();
dg.RenderControl(oHW);
Response.Write(oSW.ToString());
Response.Flush();
Response.Close();
}

public static void DataSetToExcel(DataSet oDS, HttpResponse Response, string fileName) { if (oDS == null || oDS.Tables[0] == null || oDS.Tables[0].Rows.Count == 0) { return; } Response.Clear(); //Encoding pageEncode = Encoding.GetEncoding(PageEncode); HttpContext.Current.Response.Charset = "gb2312"; //Response.ContentType = "application/vnd-excel";//"application/vnd.ms-excel"; //Response.ContentType = "application/x-octet-stream";//"application/vnd.ms-excel"; Response.ContentType = "text/csv";//"application/vnd.ms-excel"; Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName + ".cvs"); System.IO.StringWriter oSW = new System.IO.StringWriter(); HtmlTextWriter oHW = new HtmlTextWriter(oSW); DataGrid dg = new DataGrid(); dg.DataSource = oDS.Tables[0]; dg.DataBind(); dg.RenderControl(oHW); Response.Write(oSW.ToString()); Response.Flush(); Response.Close(); }

这样生成是生成了！客户也可以用Excel直接打开并编辑，问题来了！上传时出错，仔细看看生成的Excel.xls,

用记事本打开，内容大致如下：

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<tablecellspacing="0"rules="all"border="1"style="border-collapse:collapse;"mce_style="border-collapse:collapse;">
<tr>
<td>品名</td><td>最高价格</td><td>最低价格</td><td>平均价格</td><td>计量单位</td><td>备注</td>
</tr><tr>
<td>青菜</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>元/公斤</td><td></td>
</tr><tr>
<td>南瓜</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>元/公斤</td><td></td>
</tr><tr>
<td>瓠子</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>元/公斤</td><td></td>
</tr><tr>
<td>冬春笋</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>元/公斤</td><td></td>
</tr><tr>
<td>雪里蕻</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>元/公斤</td><td></td>
</tr><tr>
<td>樱桃萝卜</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>元/公斤</td><td></td>
</tr><tr>
<td>佛手瓜</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>元/公斤</td><td></td>
</tr><tr>
<td>白菜鼎</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>元/公斤</td><td></td>
</tr><tr>
<td>蒜</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>元/公斤</td><td></td>
</tr><tr>
<td>食用菌</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>元/公斤</td><td></td>
</tr><tr>
<td>黄瓜</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>元/公斤</td><td></td>
</tr>
</table>

原来，就是纯粹的html格式，披了件Excel的外衣。这样用户传上来的文件当然不是标准的Excel格式了！

于是，想到直接生成xml格式的Excel文档，方法如下：

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///<summary>
///执行导出
///</summary>
///<paramname="ds">要导出的DataSet</param>
///<paramname="strExcelFileName">要导出的文件名</param>
publicstaticvoidExportToExcel(DataSetsource,stringfileName)
{
System.IO.StreamWriterexcelDoc;
excelDoc=newSystem.IO.StreamWriter(fileName);
conststringstartExcelXML="<xmlversion>/r/n<Workbook"+
"xmlns=/"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet/"/r/n"+
"xmlns:o=/"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office/"/r/n"+
"xmlns:x=/"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:"+
"excel/"/r/nxmlns:ss=/"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:"+
"office:spreadsheet/">/r/n<Styles>/r/n"+
"<Styless:ID=/"Default/"ss:Name=/"Normal/">/r/n"+
"<Alignmentss:Vertical=/"Bottom/"/>/r/n<Borders/>"+
"/r/n<Font/>/r/n<Interior/>/r/n<NumberFormat/>"+
"/r/n<Protection/>/r/n</Style>/r/n"+
"<Styless:ID=/"BoldColumn/">/r/n<Font"+
"x:Family=/"Swiss/"ss:Bold=/"1/"/>/r/n</Style>/r/n"+
"<Styless:ID=/"StringLiteral/">/r/n<NumberFormat"+
"ss:Format=/"@/"/>/r/n</Style>/r/n<Style"+
"ss:ID=/"Decimal/">/r/n<NumberFormat"+
"ss:Format=/"0.0000/"/>/r/n</Style>/r/n"+
"<Styless:ID=/"Integer/">/r/n<NumberFormat"+
"ss:Format=/"0/"/>/r/n</Style>/r/n<Style"+
"ss:ID=/"DateLiteral/">/r/n<NumberFormat"+
"ss:Format=/"mm/dd/yyyy;@/"/>/r/n</Style>/r/n"+
"</Styles>/r/n";
conststringendExcelXML="</Workbook>";
introwCount=0;
intsheetCount=1;
/**//*
<xmlversion>
<Workbookxmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet"
xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"
xmlns:x="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel"
xmlns:ss="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet">
<Styles>
<Styless:ID="Default"ss:Name="Normal">
<Alignmentss:Vertical="Bottom"/>
<Borders/>
<Font/>
<Interior/>
<NumberFormat/>
<Protection/>
</Style>
<Styless:ID="BoldColumn">
<Fontx:Family="Swiss"ss:Bold="1"/>
</Style>
<Styless:ID="StringLiteral">
<NumberFormatss:Format="@"/>
</Style>
<Styless:ID="Decimal">
<NumberFormatss:Format="0.0000"/>
</Style>
<Styless:ID="Integer">
<NumberFormatss:Format="0"/>
</Style>
<Styless:ID="DateLiteral">
<NumberFormatss:Format="mm/dd/yyyy;@"/>
</Style>
</Styles>
<Worksheetss:Name="Sheet1">
</Worksheet>
</Workbook>
*/
excelDoc.Write(startExcelXML);
excelDoc.Write("<Worksheetss:Name=/"Sheet"+sheetCount+"/">");
excelDoc.Write("<Table>");
excelDoc.Write("<Row>");
for(intx=0;x<source.Tables[0].Columns.Count;x++)
{
excelDoc.Write("<Cellss:StyleID=/"BoldColumn/"><Datass:Type=/"String/">");
excelDoc.Write(source.Tables[0].Columns[x].ColumnName);
excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
}
excelDoc.Write("</Row>");
foreach(DataRowxinsource.Tables[0].Rows)
{
rowCount++;
//ifthenumberofrowsis>64000createanewpagetocontinueoutput
if(rowCount==64000)
{
rowCount=0;
sheetCount++;
excelDoc.Write("</Table>");
excelDoc.Write("</Worksheet>");
excelDoc.Write("<Worksheetss:Name=/"Sheet"+sheetCount+"/">");
excelDoc.Write("<Table>");
}
excelDoc.Write("<Row>");//ID="+rowCount+"
for(inty=0;y<source.Tables[0].Columns.Count;y++)
{
System.TyperowType;
rowType=x[y].GetType();
switch(rowType.ToString())
{
case"System.String":
stringXMLstring=x[y].ToString();
XMLstring=XMLstring.Trim();
XMLstring=XMLstring.Replace("&","&");
XMLstring=XMLstring.Replace(">",">");
XMLstring=XMLstring.Replace("<","<");
excelDoc.Write("<Cellss:StyleID=/"StringLiteral/">"+
"<Datass:Type=/"String/">");
excelDoc.Write(XMLstring);
excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
break;
case"System.DateTime":
//ExcelhasaspecificDateFormatofYYYY-MM-DDfollowedby
//theletter'T'thenhh:mm:sss.lllExample2005-01-31T24:01:21.000
//TheFollowingCodeputsthedatestoredinXMLDate
//totheformatabove
DateTimeXMLDate=(DateTime)x[y];
stringXMLDatetoString="";//ExcelConvertedDate
XMLDatetoString=XMLDate.Year.ToString()+
"-"+
(XMLDate.Month<10?"0"+
XMLDate.Month.ToString():XMLDate.Month.ToString())+
"-"+
(XMLDate.Day<10?"0"+
XMLDate.Day.ToString():XMLDate.Day.ToString())+
"T"+
(XMLDate.Hour<10?"0"+
XMLDate.Hour.ToString():XMLDate.Hour.ToString())+
":"+
(XMLDate.Minute<10?"0"+
XMLDate.Minute.ToString():XMLDate.Minute.ToString())+
":"+
(XMLDate.Second<10?"0"+
XMLDate.Second.ToString():XMLDate.Second.ToString())+
".000";
excelDoc.Write("<Cellss:StyleID=/"DateLiteral/">"+
"<Datass:Type=/"DateTime/">");
excelDoc.Write(XMLDatetoString);
excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
break;
case"System.Boolean":
excelDoc.Write("<Cellss:StyleID=/"StringLiteral/">"+
"<Datass:Type=/"String/">");
excelDoc.Write(x[y].ToString());
excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
break;
case"System.Int16":
case"System.Int32":
case"System.Int64":
case"System.Byte":
excelDoc.Write("<Cellss:StyleID=/"Integer/">"+
"<Datass:Type=/"Number/">");
excelDoc.Write(x[y].ToString());
excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
break;
case"System.Decimal":
case"System.Double":
excelDoc.Write("<Cellss:StyleID=/"Decimal/">"+
"<Datass:Type=/"Number/">");
excelDoc.Write(x[y].ToString());
excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
break;
case"System.DBNull":
excelDoc.Write("<Cellss:StyleID=/"StringLiteral/">"+
"<Datass:Type=/"String/">");
excelDoc.Write("");
excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
break;
default:
throw(newException(rowType.ToString()+"nothandled."));
}
}
excelDoc.Write("</Row>");
}
excelDoc.Write("</Table>");
excelDoc.Write("</Worksheet>");
excelDoc.Write(endExcelXML);
excelDoc.Close();
}

/// <summary> /// 执行导出 /// </summary> /// <param name="ds">要导出的DataSet</param> /// <param name="strExcelFileName">要导出的文件名</param> public static void ExportToExcel(DataSet source, string fileName) { System.IO.StreamWriter excelDoc; excelDoc = new System.IO.StreamWriter(fileName); const string startExcelXML = "<xml version>/r/n<Workbook " + "xmlns=/"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet/"/r/n" + " xmlns:o=/"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office/"/r/n " + "xmlns:x=/"urn:schemas- microsoft-com:office:" + "excel/"/r/n xmlns:ss=/"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:" + "office:spreadsheet/">/r/n <Styles>/r/n " + "<Style ss:ID=/"Default/" ss:Name=/"Normal/">/r/n " + "<Alignment ss:Vertical=/"Bottom/"/>/r/n <Borders/>" + "/r/n <Font/>/r/n <Interior/>/r/n <NumberFormat/>" + "/r/n <Protection/>/r/n </Style>/r/n " + "<Style ss:ID=/"BoldColumn/">/r/n <Font " + "x:Family=/"Swiss/" ss:Bold=/"1/"/>/r/n </Style>/r/n " + "<Style ss:ID=/"StringLiteral/">/r/n <NumberFormat" + " ss:Format=/"@/"/>/r/n </Style>/r/n <Style " + "ss:ID=/"Decimal/">/r/n <NumberFormat " + "ss:Format=/"0.0000/"/>/r/n </Style>/r/n " + "<Style ss:ID=/"Integer/">/r/n <NumberFormat " + "ss:Format=/"0/"/>/r/n </Style>/r/n <Style " + "ss:ID=/"DateLiteral/">/r/n <NumberFormat " + "ss:Format=/"mm/dd/yyyy;@/"/>/r/n </Style>/r/n " + "</Styles>/r/n "; const string endExcelXML = "</Workbook>"; int rowCount = 0; int sheetCount = 1; /**//* <xml version> <Workbook xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:x="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel" xmlns:ss="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet"> <Styles> <Style ss:ID="Default" ss:Name="Normal"> <Alignment ss:Vertical="Bottom"/> <Borders/> <Font/> <Interior/> <NumberFormat/> <Protection/> </Style> <Style ss:ID="BoldColumn"> <Font x:Family="Swiss" ss:Bold="1"/> </Style> <Style ss:ID="StringLiteral"> <NumberFormat ss:Format="@"/> </Style> <Style ss:ID="Decimal"> <NumberFormat ss:Format="0.0000"/> </Style> <Style ss:ID="Integer"> <NumberFormat ss:Format="0"/> </Style> <Style ss:ID="DateLiteral"> <NumberFormat ss:Format="mm/dd/yyyy;@"/> </Style> </Styles> <Worksheet ss:Name="Sheet1"> </Worksheet> </Workbook> */ excelDoc.Write(startExcelXML); excelDoc.Write("<Worksheet ss:Name=/"Sheet" + sheetCount + "/">"); excelDoc.Write("<Table>"); excelDoc.Write("<Row>"); for (int x = 0; x < source.Tables[0].Columns.Count; x++) { excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=/"BoldColumn/"><Data ss:Type=/"String/">"); excelDoc.Write(source.Tables[0].Columns[x].ColumnName); excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>"); } excelDoc.Write("</Row>"); foreach (DataRow x in source.Tables[0].Rows) { rowCount++; //if the number of rows is > 64000 create a new page to continue output if (rowCount == 64000) { rowCount = 0; sheetCount++; excelDoc.Write("</Table>"); excelDoc.Write(" </Worksheet>"); excelDoc.Write("<Worksheet ss:Name=/"Sheet" + sheetCount + "/">"); excelDoc.Write("<Table>"); } excelDoc.Write("<Row>"); //ID=" + rowCount + " for (int y = 0; y < source.Tables[0].Columns.Count; y++) { System.Type rowType; rowType = x[y].GetType(); switch (rowType.ToString()) { case "System.String": string XMLstring = x[y].ToString(); XMLstring = XMLstring.Trim(); XMLstring = XMLstring.Replace("&", "&"); XMLstring = XMLstring.Replace(">", ">"); XMLstring = XMLstring.Replace("<", "<"); excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=/"StringLiteral/">" + "<Data ss:Type=/"String/">"); excelDoc.Write(XMLstring); excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>"); break; case "System.DateTime": //Excel has a specific Date Format of YYYY-MM-DD followed by //the letter 'T' then hh:mm:sss.lll Example 2005-01-31T24:01:21.000 //The Following Code puts the date stored in XMLDate //to the format above DateTime XMLDate = (DateTime)x[y]; string XMLDatetoString = ""; //Excel Converted Date XMLDatetoString = XMLDate.Year.ToString() + "-" + (XMLDate.Month < 10 ? "0" + XMLDate.Month.ToString() : XMLDate.Month.ToString()) + "-" + (XMLDate.Day < 10 ? "0" + XMLDate.Day.ToString() : XMLDate.Day.ToString()) + "T" + (XMLDate.Hour < 10 ? "0" + XMLDate.Hour.ToString() : XMLDate.Hour.ToString()) + ":" + (XMLDate.Minute < 10 ? "0" + XMLDate.Minute.ToString() : XMLDate.Minute.ToString()) + ":" + (XMLDate.Second < 10 ? "0" + XMLDate.Second.ToString() : XMLDate.Second.ToString()) + ".000"; excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=/"DateLiteral/">" + "<Data ss:Type=/"DateTime/">"); excelDoc.Write(XMLDatetoString); excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>"); break; case "System.Boolean": excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=/"StringLiteral/">" + "<Data ss:Type=/"String/">"); excelDoc.Write(x[y].ToString()); excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>"); break; case "System.Int16": case "System.Int32": case "System.Int64": case "System.Byte": excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=/"Integer/">" + "<Data ss:Type=/"Number/">"); excelDoc.Write(x[y].ToString()); excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>"); break; case "System.Decimal": case "System.Double": excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=/"Decimal/">" + "<Data ss:Type=/"Number/">"); excelDoc.Write(x[y].ToString()); excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>"); break; case "System.DBNull": excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=/"StringLiteral/">" + "<Data ss:Type=/"String/">"); excelDoc.Write(""); excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>"); break; default: throw (new Exception(rowType.ToString() + " not handled.")); } } excelDoc.Write("</Row>"); } excelDoc.Write("</Table>"); excelDoc.Write(" </Worksheet>"); excelDoc.Write(endExcelXML); excelDoc.Close(); }

可惜，生成的倒是XML格式了，但还是上传格式不正确，考虑到客户端可能是Excel2007/2003-97等等，决定放弃保存Excel到客户端的方式。

第三种尝试方案：用cvs保存，将第一种方法改为：

Response.ContentType="text/csv";//"application/vnd.ms-excel";
Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename="+fileName+".cvs");

Response.ContentType = "text/csv";//"application/vnd.ms-excel"; Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName + ".cvs");

生成格式大致如下：

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"品名","最高价格","最低价格","平均价格","计量单位","备注"
"青菜","","","","元/公斤",""
"南瓜","","","","元/公斤",""
"瓠子","","","","元/公斤",""
"冬春笋","","","","元/公斤",""
"雪里蕻","","","","元/公斤",""
"樱桃萝卜","","","","元/公斤",""
"佛手瓜","","","","元/公斤",""
"白菜鼎","","","","元/公斤",""
"蒜","","","","元/公斤",""
"食用菌","","","","元/公斤",""
"黄瓜","","","","元/公斤",""

"品名","最高价格","最低价格","平均价格","计量单位","备注" "青菜","","","","元/公斤","" "南瓜","","","","元/公斤","" "瓠子","","","","元/公斤","" "冬春笋","","","","元/公斤","" "雪里蕻","","","","元/公斤","" "樱桃萝卜","","","","元/公斤","" "佛手瓜","","","","元/公斤","" "白菜鼎","","","","元/公斤","" "蒜","","","","元/公斤","" "食用菌","","","","元/公斤","" "黄瓜","","","","元/公斤",""

导入到SQL Server时有多种方法：

给出简要代码：

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publicstaticDataTableGetDataFromCSV(stringfilePath,intbeginColumn)
{
intintColCount=0;
boolblnFlag=true;
DataTablemydt=newDataTable("myTableName");
DataColumnmydc;
DataRowmydr;
stringstrline;
string[]aryline;
System.IO.StreamReadermysr=newSystem.IO.StreamReader(filePath,System.Text.Encoding.UTF8);
intFlagFirst=1;
while((strline=mysr.ReadLine())!=null)
{
//if(beginColumn==FlagFirst){FlagFirst++;continue;}
strline=strline.Replace("/n","");
strline=strline.Replace("/r","");
strline=strline.Replace("/t","");
//aryline=strline.Split(newchar[]{'|'});
aryline=strline.Split(newchar[]{','});
if(blnFlag)
{
blnFlag=false;
intColCount=aryline.Length;
for(inti=0;i<aryline.Length;i++)
{
mydc=newDataColumn(aryline[i]);
mydt.Columns.Add(mydc);
}
}
mydr=mydt.NewRow();
for(inti=0;i<intColCount;i++)
{
mydr[i]=aryline[i];
}
mydt.Rows.Add(mydr);
FlagFirst++;
}
mysr.Close();
mysr.Dispose();
returnmydt;
}

public static DataTable GetDataFromCSV(string filePath,int beginColumn) { int intColCount = 0; bool blnFlag = true; DataTable mydt = new DataTable("myTableName"); DataColumn mydc; DataRow mydr; string strline; string[] aryline; System.IO.StreamReader mysr = new System.IO.StreamReader(filePath,System.Text.Encoding.UTF8); int FlagFirst =1; while ((strline = mysr.ReadLine()) != null) { //if (beginColumn == FlagFirst) { FlagFirst++; continue; } strline = strline.Replace("/n", ""); strline = strline.Replace("/r", ""); strline = strline.Replace("/t", ""); //aryline = strline.Split(new char[] { '|' }); aryline = strline.Split(new char[] { ',' }); if (blnFlag) { blnFlag = false; intColCount = aryline.Length; for (int i = 0; i < aryline.Length; i++) { mydc = new DataColumn(aryline[i]); mydt.Columns.Add(mydc); } } mydr = mydt.NewRow(); for (int i = 0; i < intColCount; i++) { mydr[i] = aryline[i]; } mydt.Rows.Add(mydr); FlagFirst++; } mysr.Close(); mysr.Dispose(); return mydt; }

也有人给出方案，直接从cvs中读取

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publicstaticstringPreFilePath=@"c:/Excel/";
publicstaticstringstrconn=@"Driver={MicrosoftTextDriver(*.txt;*.csv)};Dbq="+PreFilePath+";Extensions=asc,csv,tab,txt;";
publicstaticDataSetGetDataSetFromCSV(stringfilename)
{
OdbcConnectionobjconn=newOdbcConnection(strconn);
DataSetdscsv=newDataSet();
try
{
stringstrsql="select*from"+filename;//filename,forexample:1.csv
OdbcDataAdapterodbccsvdataadapter=newOdbcDataAdapter(strsql,objconn);
odbccsvdataadapter.Fill(dscsv);
returndscsv;
}
catch(Exceptionex)
{
throwex;
}
}

public static string PreFilePath=@"c:/Excel/"; public static string strconn = @"Driver={Microsoft Text Driver (*.txt; *.csv)};Dbq="+PreFilePath+";Extensions=asc,csv,tab,txt;"; public static DataSet GetDataSetFromCSV( string filename) { OdbcConnection objconn = new OdbcConnection(strconn); DataSet dscsv = new DataSet(); try { string strsql = "select * from " + filename; //filename, for example: 1.csv OdbcDataAdapter odbccsvdataadapter = new OdbcDataAdapter(strsql, objconn); odbccsvdataadapter.Fill(dscsv); return dscsv; } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } }

尝试失败！！

Code Project 上有篇文章，